CALADIUM 



CALAMUS 



617 



53. Var. porphyroneftron, Engl. (C. porphyroneuron, 

 C. Koch. C. ciipreum, Hort. Alocdsia porphyroneura, 

 Lem.). Petiole pale reddish, variegated with dull vio- 

 let; blade broadly hastate-sagittate, dull, pale green, 

 slightly reddish on the veins, opaque basal lobes one- 

 sixth to one-third connate. Peru and Brazil. I.H. 

 8:297. 



(3) Dark green blade. 



54. Var. elegans, Engl. Petiole rosy, greenish 

 below, variegated; blade narrowly hastate-sagittate, 

 slightly contracted above the lobes, dark green above, 

 broadly red or purple next the midrib and primary 

 lateral veins; basal lobes one-fifth connate. 



55. Var. Lemaireanum, Engl. (C. Lemaireanum, 

 Barr. C. picturdtum albinervium, C. Koch. C. picturd- 

 tum viridissimum, C. Koch). Blade shaped like pre- 

 ceding, dark green; midrib and primary veins pale 

 green or white. S. Amer., 1861. I.H. 9:311. 



56. Var. Troubetskoyi, Engl. (C. Troubetskoyi, 

 Chan tin. C. Appunidnum, Hort.). Petiole red, varie- 

 gated; blade very narrowly hastate-sagittate, slightly 

 contracted above the lobes, dark green above, broadly 

 marked with pale red along the midrib and primary 

 veins, and with scattered, transparent, small white or 

 rose spots. F.S. 13:1379. 



ccc. Shape of blade oblong-ovate, or oblong: plant small. 



57. Humboldtii, Schott. (C. argyrites, Lem.). Fig. 

 734. Petiole slender, variegated, 2 to 3 times longer 

 than the blade; sheath slender, narrow; blade oblong- 

 ovate, or oblong, green along the margin, midrib and 

 primary veins, with many large and small transparent 

 spots between; shortly and very acutely acuminate, 

 the apical lobe oblong-ovate, twice as long as the 

 oblong or ovate-triangular, obtuse basal ones; basal 

 lobes one-third connate, separated by an obtuse tri- 

 angular sinus, the 3-4 primary veins of the apical lobe 

 uniting in a collective nerve remote from the margin. 

 Brazil. I.H. 5:185. F.S. 13:1345. Gng. 3:279. A.F. 

 10:197. Lowe, 22. C.L.A. 19:343. G. 14:501. 



58. Var. myriostigma, Engl. (C. myriostigma, C. 

 Koch). Blade marked everywhere with small white 

 spots. 



The following names are in the trade, or occur in the 

 lists of dealers and fanciers, but are not identified 

 botanically: albanense, Barrattii, candidum, Endlich- 

 erianum, Fenzlianum, Ortgiesii, Petschkanii, Rodeckii, 

 speciosum, Thelemannii, venosum. 



C. esculentum=Co\oca.sia, antiquorum esoulenta. C. odoratum, 

 Lodd.=Alocasia macrorrhiza. C. pubescens, N.E.Br. .A new 

 species, distinct from those already in cult, by being pubescent. 

 Peru. B.M. 8402. J ARED Q g MITH 



CEO. V. NASH.f 



CALAMAGROSTIS (Greek, calamos, a reed, and 

 agrostis, a grass). Syn. Deyeuxia. Gramineae. Usually 

 tall or reed-like perennials bearing rootstocks. In- 

 cluding nay grasses and a few more or less ornamental 

 species. 



Spikelets 1-fld., the rachilla prolonged behind the 

 palea as a usually hairy pedicel; lemma hairy on the 

 callus, awned from the back. Species about 120, dis- 

 tributed throughout the world in temperate and arctic 

 regions, usually in damp or swampy soil. The species 

 are often valuable native forage grasses. One species, 

 C. canadensis, Beauv., is a source of an excellent 

 quality of native hay in the northwestern states, where 

 it is called blue-joint. Another species, C. stricta, 

 Beauv., native of the northern states, is sometimes 

 cult, in a variegated form as an ornamental. 



C. 6re{ptZt's=Calamovilfa brevipilis. ^ g HlTCHCOCK 



CALAMINT, CALAMINTHA: Satureia. 



CALAMOVILFA (Greek, calamos, a reed, and vilfa, 

 a kind of grass). Graminese. PURPLE BENT-GRASS. A 

 group differing from Calamagrostis in having awnless 



spikelets and no prolongation of the rachilla. Species 

 3, in S. E. U. S. C. brevipilis, Hack., is cult, as an orna- 

 mental grass. This is a stout, tufted grass, 2-4 ft., 

 with short, horizontal rootstocks, pyramidal purplish 

 panicle 4-8 in. Sandy swamps in pine-barrens, N. J. 

 to N. C. Dept. Agric., Div. Agros. 7:156; 20:84. 



A. S. HITCHCOCK. 



734. Caladium Humboldtii. (No. 57.) 

 CALAMPELIS: Eccremocarpus. 



CALAMUS (Greek for reed) . Palmacex, tribe Lepido- 

 cdrpse. A group of interesting, usually climbing pinnate 

 palms of the Old World tropics, not much known to the 

 trade although over thirty species are in the European 

 catalogues. 



Stems very slender, always more or less prickly, usu- 

 ally climbing and never bearing a terminal infl.: Ivs. 

 alternate, pinnate, often ending in a terminal some- 

 times elongated cirrus, by which they are attached to 

 their support; Ifts. narrow, with 1-5 nerves; If .-sheaths 

 at first completely inclosing the internodes, sometimes 

 split and open: spadix laterally attached at the summit 

 of the If.-sheaths, often elongate and slender and fre- 

 quently ending in a tail-like appendage (flagellum) 

 which is thorny; spathes long and narrow, hardly if at 

 all split, differing from Daemonorops which has a read- 

 ily opening spathe; fls. dioecious, paniculate or branched 

 2 or 3 times; corolla coriaceous, longer than the calyx 

 in male fls., as long as the calyx in the female: fr. glo- 

 bose, ovoid or ellipsoid, topped by a short permanent 

 style. There are more than 200 species, most of which 

 inhabit India. See Beccari's excellent monograph Ann. 

 Royal. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 11, 1908. 



Calamus is an easily grown group of palms, very 

 ornamental, even in a young state. Some of the spe- 

 cies have stems several hundred feet long, which enable 

 them to unfold their leaves at the tops of the tallest 

 trees. The leaves are peculiarly well adapted to assist 

 the plant in climbing, having numerous hook-like pro- 

 cesses arranged on a long continuation of the midrib of 

 the leaf. When accommodations can be given, these 

 plants should be selected, as their growth is rapid, and 

 they are capable of furnishing a large conservatory 

 quickly. Numerous suckers are produced, so that when 

 the main stem ascends the lower part is clothed in foli- 

 age. Calamus tennis (or C. Royleanus) and C. Rotang 

 furnish the rattan canes. Malacca canes are furnished 

 by C. Scipionum. Young plants thrive best in a root- 

 ing medium containing a considerable quantity of leaf- 

 mold. Older plants need soil of a more lasting nature; 

 a quantity of ground bone and charcoal in the soil may 



