624 



CALATHEA 



37. Sanderiana, Hort. (Mardnta Sanderiana). A 

 species closely allied to C. imperialis but differing in 

 the broader and shorter If.-blades, darker color of the 

 under sides of the Ivs , transverse striation between the 

 veins, the hairy character of the petioles and under 

 side of the Ivs. Habit erect, spreading with age : growths 

 bearing 1-4 Ivs.; blades ovate, or elliptic-ovate, up to 

 as much as 2 ft. long when adult, acute, green above (in 

 the adult stage), rich plum-red below; Ivs. in the juvenile 

 stage are striped with bright rose which become white 

 in the intermediate stage and entirely disappear in 

 the adult; petiole erect, stout; sheath extending from 

 one- third to one-half its length, upper part terete; 

 If.-scales, petioles and under sides of the Ivs. slightly 

 pubescent. Brazil. C. ornata, C. imperialis and C. 

 Sanderiana are probably all forms of one very variable 

 species. 



38. insignis, Bull. Habit tufted, dwarf and compact: 

 growths bearing 2-3 Ivs. and from J^-3 ft. high; blade 

 linear-lanceolate, 3-18 in. long, undulate, acute, glabrous, 

 upper side highly glabrous, pale yellowish green shad- 

 ing to rich olive green at the edges, and with a row on 

 either side of the midrib arranged pinnately of alter- 

 nate long and short blotches of dark olive-green, 

 giving the plant a most distinct and striking effect; 

 under side a rich dark maroon-red; petiole 3-20 in. 

 long, rigid, slender; sheath only developed near the 

 base, upper part terete, green. Brazil. J.H. III. 

 45:218. One of the most beautiful foliage plants in 

 cult, and one which thrives well in a hot moist stove 

 in a mixture of leaf-mold and sand. 



39. argyrophylla, Hort. A garden hybrid. Habit 

 spreading: growths with 2-5 Ivs. 1-3H ft- long, 12-20 

 in. long, elliptic, silvery white, feathered with pale 

 green above and rich reddish brown below; petiole 12-20 

 in. long, pale green, striped along the back with red; 

 sheath extending up to within 4-8 in. of the If.-blade, 

 upper part terete and slightly channeled on upper side, 

 glabrous in all parts. 



40. nigricans, Gagnep. Habit loose, light and elegant, 

 erect at first, spreading with age: growths bearing 2-3 

 Ivs., 2-5 ft. high; blade elliptic, occasionally lanceolate, 

 acute, undulate, 12-20 in. long, rich dark velvety green 

 above, dull red below; petiole 1-4 ft. long, erect; sheath 

 extending to one-third the length of the petiole, upper 

 two- thirds terete, dull green in color: infl. arising from 

 center of the growth of the Ivs., an erect globose spike 

 with large fofiose; bracts: fls. 2-3 in the axil of each 

 bract, 1 in. diam., primrose in color, petals shaded 

 with purple; tube 1 in. long; bracts green, reflexed, 

 upper ones forming an umbrella-like mass under which 

 the fls. are developed in the axils of the lower bracts. 

 Trop. Amer. R.H. 1904, p. 576. 



41. Spphiae, Hort. Habit medium to strong: growths 

 with 3-7 Ivs. and 1-3 ft. high; blade elliptic, acute, undu- 

 late, 12-18 in. long, rich bright velvety green with a 

 bright yellowish green channeled midrib above, light 

 red below; petiole erect, rigid, covered with soft tomen- 

 tum; sheath extending from one-third to one-half the 

 length of the petiole, upper part terete. Closely allied 

 to C. nigricans. 



42. zebrina, Lindl. (Mardnta zebrina, Sims). ZEBRA 

 PLANT. Fig. 738. Habit compact, 1-3 ft. high: growths 

 bearing from 6-20 spreading Ivs. ; blade elliptic, obtuse 

 or acute, slightly undulate, %-2 ft. long, upper side 

 rich velvety green, with alternating bars of pale yel- 

 lowish green and dark olive-green, under side light pur- 

 ple-red in the adult stage, and pale grayish green in 

 the young stage; petiole J^-2 ft. long, pale green; 

 sheath large, canaliculate, and extending nearly the 

 whole length of the petiole; scape short. Variable. 

 Brazil. B.M. 1926. L.B.C. 5:494. R.H. 1865, p. 

 90. S.H. 1:164. Lowe, 1. The commonest species, 

 occurring in nearly all collections of warm greenhouse 

 plants. 



CALCEOLARIA 



Var. Bindtii, Hort., is a stronger - growing variety 

 with darker colored foliage, with Ivs. as much as 4J^j 

 ft. long. One of the finest and best stove foliage plants 

 in cult., of easy culture and one that should be in all 

 collections. 



43. pulchella, Koern. (Mardnta tignna, Bull). 

 Weaker grower than C. zebrina, the Ivs. lighter colored, 

 with two series (large and small) of broad green bars. 

 Brazil. By some considered to be a form of C. zebrina. 



44. Warscewiczii, Koern. Rather large: Ivs. 2 ft. 

 long, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, purple beneath, 

 dark, velvety green above, but the midrib broadly 

 feathered with yellow-green. Costa Rica. F.S. 9:939- 

 40. Gn. 17:560. Lowe, 17. One of the best. 



45. Bachemiana, Morr. Lvs. unequilateral, cordate 

 at the base, ovate-lanceolate or rarely oblong, attenuate- 

 acuminate, smooth, silvery green above, finely striate, 

 with parallel greenish or whitish markings along the 

 primary nerves, purplish or greenish beneath. Brazil. 



C. argyrssa, Kcern. Lvs. very short, unequal, oblong-lanceo- 

 late, short-acuminate, above deep green and ash-colored, beneath 

 purple. Country unknown. C. arrecta, Lind. & Andre 1 . Tall: 

 Ivs. oblong, red beneath, green above, with the nerves all prominent. 

 Ecuador. I.H. 18:77. C. bambusdcea, Poepp. & Endl.=Ischnqsi- 

 phon. C. Baraqulnii, Regel. Lvs. oval-lanceolate, green, with 

 bands of white. Brazil. C. fascinator, Hort. Dwarf: Ivs broad- 

 qvate-oblong, purplish beneath, green above and with blotches of 

 lighter color and transverse narrow bars of red. Brazil. I.H. 

 41:104 (as Maranta Fascinator). C. gigas, Gagnep. Eight ft.: 

 If.-blade lanceolate, 2 ft. long, 8-10 in. broad, violet-purple when 

 young but becoming green; petioles 5 ft. long: spike cylindric, 

 about 4 in. long, bearing 8 pairs of yellow-and-white fls. Trop. 

 Amer. C. hieroglyphica, Lind. & Andre 1 . Dwarf: Ivs. short- 

 ovate, short-pointed, purplish beneath, green above and marked 

 by many oblique bands or bars of silvery white. Colombia. I.H. 

 20:122-3. C. Kerchoveana, Hort.=Maranta bicolor var. C. 

 Lageriana, Hort. Lvs. large, dark red beneath, the prominent veins 

 rich bronze. C. major, Hort.=Ischnosiphon. C. Massangeana, 

 Hort.=Maranta bicolor var Massangeana. C. medio-plcta, 

 Makqy (Maranta prasina, Bull). Lvs. oval-lanceolate and 

 tapering to both ends, dark green, with the rib feathered with 

 white from base to summit. Brazil. C. musaica, Hort. (Maranta 

 musiaca, Bull). A dwarf-growing species with obliquely cordate 

 ovate Ivs. 4-6 in. long, glabrous, acute, upper side pale shining 

 green marked with numerous close set transverse veins of a lighter 

 shade; petiole 3-6 in. long. Brazil. C. Oppenheimiana, Morr.= 

 Ctenanthe. C. pardina, Planch. & Lind.=C. villosa. C. smarag- 

 dlna, Lind. & Andr6=Monotagma. C. splendens and splendida, 

 Hort.=Maranta splendida. C. villdsa, Lindl. Large: Ivs. 10:20 

 in. long, oblong-ovate, pale green, with dark brown angular 

 blotches: fls. yellow. S. Amer. F.S. 11 : 1101-2 (as C. pardina) ; also, 

 Lowe, 32. L H g 



C. P. RAFFILL. 



CALCEOLARIA (Latin calceolus, a slipper, alluding 

 to the saccate flower; these plants are sometimes called 

 lady-slippers, but the name is best used for Cypri- 

 pedium). Scrophulariacese. Showy-flowered herbs and 

 shrubs, grown both in the greenhouse and in the open. 



Leaves mostly opposite, usually hairy and rugose, 

 entire or incised or pinnatifid: corolla 2-parted nearly 

 to the base, the lower part or lip deflexed and inflated 

 slipper-like, the upper lip smaller and ascending, but 

 usually saccate; stamens 2 or rarely 3, and no rudi- 

 ments (A, Fig. 739): fr. a many-seeded caps. About 

 200 species, mostly from the Andes of Peru and Chile, 

 but extending north to Mex.; also 2 in New Zealand. 

 Monogr. by Kranzlin, Engler's Pflanzenreich, hft. 

 28 (1907). 



Many species of Calceolaria have been cultivated at 

 one time or another, but the number now grown is 

 few, most of the garden kinds apparently being hybrids 

 or marked variations from specific types. The genus 

 falls into two horticultural sections, the herbaceous 

 kinds, and the shrubby kinds. The former are the 

 only ones generally known in this country, being 

 treated more or less as annuals. The herbaceous 

 garden forms Rodigas considers to be offshoots chiefly 

 of C. arachnoidea and C. crenatiflora, and he has called 

 this race C. arachnoideo-crenatiflora (see I.H. 31 : 528, 536 ; 

 35 : 54) . In this work, however, the more inclusive terms 

 C. herbeohybrida of Voss is employed (Fig. 739); and 

 also the corresponding C. fruticoybrida for the shrubby 



