638 



CALYCANTHUS 



CALYPSO 



These are deciduous shrubs of aromatic fragrance, 

 with opposite rather large leaves usually rough above 

 and brown or brownish usually fragrant flowers, 

 terminal on leafy branchlets followed by a large capsule- 

 like dry fruit. Except C. occidentalis, the species are 

 hardy or nearly hardy North. They grow in almost 



752. Calycanthus 

 floridus. 



any well-drained and somewhat rich soil, and succeed 

 as well in shady as in sunny positions. Propagated by 

 seeds sown in spring; also increased by layers put down 

 in summer, and by suckers or division of older plants. 



A. Lvs. densely pubescent beneath. 



floridus, Linn. Fig. 752. Three to 6 ft.: Ivs. oval or 

 broad-ovate, acuminate, dark green above, pale or 

 grayish green beneath, 1K~3 in. long: fls. dark reddish 

 brown, fragrant, about 2 in. broad. Va. to Fla. B.M. 

 503. Gn. 21, p. 184; 33, p. 392. This species is much 

 cult, for its very fragrant fls. and is the hardiest 

 of all. Var. ovatus, Lav. (C. ovdtus, Ait.). Lvs. ovate 

 to ovate-oblong, rounded or subcordate at the base. 

 L.I. 24. 



AA. Lvs. glabrous beneath or nearly so: fls. slightly or not 

 fragrant. 



fertilis, Walt. (C. ferax, Michx. C. Uevigdtus, Willd. 

 C. nana, Loisel.). Three to 6 ft.: Ivs. usually elliptic or 

 oblong, acute or acuminate, green beneath, 2-5^ in. 

 long: fls. reddish brown, 13^ in. broad; anthers oblong: 

 fr. ovoid, contracted at the mouth as in the preceding 

 species. Alleghanies; from Ga. to N. C. and Ala. B.R. 

 6:481. Roots, Ivs. and bark used for their antiperiodic 

 properties. Fr. said to be poisonous to sheep. Var. 

 glaucus, Schneid. (C. glaucus, Willd.). Fig. 753. Lvs. 

 usually ovate or oblong-ovate, acuminate, glaucous 

 beneath: fls. paler. B.R. 5:404. Var. oblongifolius, 

 Nutt., with oblong-lanceolate Ivs. glaucous beneath. 



occidentalis, Hook. & Arn. (C. macrophyllus, Hort.). 

 To 12 ft.: Ivs. usually rounded at the base, ovate or 

 oblong-ovate, green beneath and sometimes slightly 

 pubescent, 4-6 in. long: fls. light brown, 3 in. broad; 

 anthers linear: fr. campanulate, not contracted at the 

 mouth. Calif. B.M. 4808. F.S. 11:1113. R.H. 1854: 

 341. Gn. 33, p. 392., 



C. Mdhrii, Small. -Shrub, 2-6 ft.: Iva. ovate to oblong-ovate at 

 the base, rounded to subcordatfr or broadly euneate, densely pubes- 

 cent beneath, 2-7 in. long: fls. purple, fragrant, more than 2 in. 

 across. Tenn. and Ala. Little-known species, very similar to C. 

 floridus var. ovatus, but the fr. campanulate and not contracted at 

 the mouth. It has proved hardy at the Arnold Arboretum. C. 

 priecox, Linn.=Meratia pracox. ALFRED REHDER. 



CALYCOCARPUM (Greek, cup-fruit, alluding to the 

 stone). Menispermdcese. A tall-climbing vine: genus 

 monotypic. C. Lyonii, Nutt., in rich woods, Ky. to 

 Kans. and south: woody twiner: Ivs. large and broad, 

 simple, deeply palmately 3-5-lobed, the lobes pointed: 

 fls. small, greenish, in long racemose panicles, in May 

 and June : fr. a globular drupe, the stone or pit hollowed 

 out on one side, ripe in Aug. 



CALYCOTOME (Kalyx, and tome, a section or cut; 

 calyx looks as if cut off). Leguminosse. Ornamental 

 shrubs chiefly grown for their profusely produced 

 yellow flowers; also used for low hedges. 



Leaves 3-foliolate, without stipules: fls. papiliona- 

 ceous; calyx turbinate, truncate, colored; standard 

 upright; keel obtuse, curved, shorter than standard; 

 stamens 10 with the filaments connate; ovary sessile, 

 many-ovuled: pod linear-oblong, along the upper 

 suture winged or strongly thickened, 2-valved. Five 

 species in the Medit. region. 



Calyco tomes are low spiny shrubs with small 3-folio- 

 late deciduous leaves and fascicled or solitary yellow 

 papilionaceous flowers. Hardy only in warmer tem- 

 perate regions. They prefer a sunny position and well- 

 drained soil. For propagation, see Cytisus. 



villosa, Link. Two to 4 ft. : branchlets grayish tomen- 

 tose: Ifts. obovate to oblong-obovate, densely silky 

 beneath, under Kin. long: fls. %in. long, 3 or more, 

 fascicled: pod villous. May, June. It is excellent for 

 dense low hedges. 



spindsa, Link. Closely allied, but somewhat larger 

 in every part, and with glabrous branchlets and pods: 

 fls. solitary or few. B.R. 32:55. ALFRED REHDER. 



CALYPSO (from the Greek goddess, whose name sig- 

 nifies concealment; referring to its rarity and beauty). 

 OrchidacesB. One of the rarest and most prized native 

 orchids. 



A delicate bog-plant, 3-4 in. high, with a small bulb, 

 1 roundish or ovate striated If., and 1 pink fl. with a 

 spotted sac. For culture, see Calopogon; but more diffi- 

 cult to grow than that plant. A monotypic genus. 



bulbosa, Oakes. Fig. 754. Lf. an inch wide and long: 

 scape 3-4 in. high, with about 3 sheaths; sepals and 

 petals similar, ascending, lanceolate, acuminate, pink; 

 lip larger than the rest of the fl., with brown spots in 

 lines and purple and yellow markings, woolly-hairy 



753. Calycanthus lertilis 

 var. glaucus. ( X H) 



