CANANGIUM 



CANNA 



653 



the oil being subjected to a gentle heat. "Macassar 

 oil" is prepared in this way, fls. of Michelia Champaca 

 being often added to those of the ylangylang. 



Brandisanum, Safford (Unbna Brandisana, Pierre. 

 Undna latifoiia, Hook. f. & Thorns., not Dunal). A 

 tree endemic in the forests of lower Cochin China and 

 Cambodia, with very fragrant fls. resembling those of 

 C. odor alum but with the petals relatively broader, con- 

 stricted at the base, and thicker, and the Ivs. usually 

 cordate at the base and tomentose beneath, instead of 

 rounded at the base and pubescent beneath: the fr. 

 resembles that of the preceding species but with fewer 

 seeds arranged almost in a single row, but on close 

 inspection seen to be biseriate. The fls. yield a per- 

 fume similar to that of the true ylangylang of com- 

 merce. \V. E. SAFFORD. 



CANARINA (from the Canary Islands). Campanu- 

 Idcese. Cool-house tuberous-rooted herb closely allied 

 to Campanula, but with the tubes of the calyx and 

 corolla grown together, and the floral parts in 6's. 

 Three species. C. Campanula, Lam., is a tender per- 

 ennial from the Canaries, about 6-8 ft. tall, with 

 drooping, inflated buds and solitary, bell-shaped fls. 

 more than 1 in. long and 1^ m - wide, dull yellow, 

 flushed and veined with dull purplish brown: the lobes 

 of the corolla strongly reflexed: Ivs. hastate, coarsely 

 repand-dentate : fr. a fleshy berry. B.M. 444. Intro, 

 by Franceschi in 1895. 



CANARY-BIRD FLOWER: Tropxolum, 

 CANARY GRASS: Phalaris. 



CANAVALIA (an aboriginal name). Including 

 Malocchia. Leguminosx. Bean-like plants, some of 

 them producing edible seeds and some more or less 

 grown for ornament. 



Prostrate trailing or twining herbs, with pinnately 

 3-foliolate Ivs.: fls. in axillary racemes or fascicles, 

 often large, violet, rose or white, with bell-shaped, 

 2-lipped calyx, papilionaceous corolla, 9 stamens 

 united and 1 free for all or part of its length: pods large 

 and ribbed on edges. A dozen species, widely dis- 

 tributed in warm countries. 



ensiformis, DC. (C. gladidta var. ensiformis, DC.). 

 JACK BEAN. CHICKASAW LIMA. Figs. 485 (Vol. I), 

 778. Glabrous or nearly so: Ifts. ovate-oblong or ovate, 

 mucronate: upper lip of calyx longer than the tube, 

 recurved and notched; keel blunt, curved: seeds white, 



with a dark raphe. 

 Tropics of both 

 hemispheres. B. 

 M.4027. A.G. 14: 

 84. Grown in the 

 southern states for 

 stock, but the pods 

 make passable snap 

 beans when not 

 more than 4-6 in. 

 long. In warm 

 countries it is a 

 bushy plant, with 

 little tendency to 

 climb. The pods 

 reach a length of 10-14 in., the walls being very hard 

 and dense when ripe; the halves of the pod, when split 

 apart, roll up spirally often into an almost perfect 

 cylinder. The large white turgid beans, bearing a 

 very prominent brown seed-scar, are packed crosswise 

 the pod, imbedded in a very thin white papery lining. 

 The fls. are small and light purple, resembling those of 

 the cowpea (but larger) and of various species of 

 Dolichos. The Ifts. are large and broad (5-8 in. long 

 and half or three-fifths as broad), strongly veined and 

 dull, dark green, abruptly pointed and smooth. Beans 

 said to be used as a coffee substitute. 



778. Seeds of Canavalia ensiformis. 

 (XI) 



C. bonariensis, Lindl. Twining: Ifts. ovate, with the long apex 

 obtuse: fls. purple in drooping racemes that exceed the Ivs., the 

 standard large broad and notched. Uruguay and IS. Brazil. B.R. 1199. 

 H.U. 4, p. 129. C. obtusifolia, DC. Prostrate or climbing: Ifts. nearly 

 orbicular to oval or obovate, rounded or cuneate at base: fls. pink, 

 m racemes exceeding the Ivs.: seed brown, oblong. Fla. and Texas 

 south. Known as "mato de la playa" in Porto Rico. C. rusiosperma, 

 Urban. Large and tall, ascending highest forest trees: seeds red. 

 Known as "Mato Colorado." W. Indies. T tr r> 



Jj. 11. 1 >. 



CANDELILLO: Euphorbia antisyphilitica. 

 CANDLEBERRY, CANDLENUT: Aleurites. 



CANDOLLEA (A. P. DeCandolle, 1778-1841, fa- 

 mous botanist of Geneva, Switzerland). Candolledcex; 

 formerly referred to Dillenidcex. Herbs or woody plants 

 sometimes grown under glass or in the open far South 

 for the mostly yellow flowers. 



Shrubs or undershrubs or herbs, mostly glabrous: 

 Ivs. simple, mostly narrow, sometimes with margins 

 revolute: fls. few or solitary at the ends of the branches; 

 sepals and petals 5; stamens many, united into 5 

 bundles or sets, each set bearing several anthers; 

 carpels 2-3-5, with 1-3 ovules in each. As now under- 

 stood, probably 80-90 species, mostly W. Australian, 

 but 1 in Trop. Asia and S. China and 1 in the E. Indies. 

 Little known in cult., but the following Australian 

 species are now offered. 



tetrandra, Lindl. Shrub, with branches angular, 

 pubescent: Ivs. narrow-oblong to oblong-ovate, obtuse 

 or short-acuminate, 2% in. or less long, clasping, mar- 

 gins not revolute: fls. much larger, paler yellow, the 

 petals 1 in. long and the acute sepals %in. long: fr. 

 with orange aril. B.R. 29:50. Offered as a green- 

 house plant. 



cuneif6rmis, Labill. Erect shrub, 6 ft. and more, 

 with short crowded branches that are somewhat hairy 

 when young: Ivs. oblong-cuneate to obovate, truncate 

 or few-toothed at apex, 1 in. long: fls. bright sulfur- 

 yellow, sessile in the crowded floral Ivs.; sepals about 

 ^in., and the notched petals somewhat longer. B.M. 

 2711. Offered in S. Calif., where it blooms March- 

 June - L. H. B. 



CANDYTUFT: Iberis. 



CANE-BRAKE: Species of Arundinaria (treated under Bamboo). 



CANISTRUM (Greek, a basket). Bromelidcese. 

 Epiphytic or terrestrial hothouse plants, requiring the 

 treatment of billbergias. 



Leaves in a dense tuft, acute, spinulose on the margin : 

 infl. compound, in a cup of Ivs., on a very short st. as 

 in Nidularium, or on a longer exserted st. ; fls. usually 

 green, rarely golden or blue. A genus of about 10 

 species, natives of Brazil. They are sometimes referred 

 to Nidularium. 



Lindenii, Mez (jEchmea eburnea, Baker. Guzmdnia 

 frdgrans, Hort. Nidularium Lindenii, Regel). Lvs. 

 about 20, in a dense rosette, tomentose, green-spotted, 

 the bract-lvs. cream-white: fls. white or greenish. 



amazonicum, Mez (Karatas amazdnica, Baker. 

 Nidularium amazonicum, Lind. & Andre". dEchmea 

 amazdnica, Hort.). Lvs. 15-20, 10-20 in. long, and 

 rather wide at the middle, greenish brown above and 

 light brown beneath, not spotted or scurfy, the bract- 

 lvs. greenish brown: fls. white, with a green tube, in a 

 dense head. 



C. aurantiacum, E. Morr. (JSchmea aurantiaca, Baker). 

 Plant vigorous: Ivs. expanded in the middle: fls. yellow, 2 in. 

 long. S. Amer. B. H. 1873: 15. G EORGE V. NASH.f 



CANNA (name of oriental origin, of no application). 

 Cannaceae. Popular tall ornamental plants, prized for 

 their stately habit, strong foliage and showy flowers; 

 much used for bedding. 



Stout, unbranched: fls. mostly red or yellow, in a 

 terminal raceme or panicle, very irregular: caps. 3- 

 loculed and several- to many-seeded (Fig. 779, p.] ; sepals 



