684 



CASUARINA 



CATALPA 



Cunninghamiana, Miq. Tree with slender branches, 

 much like C. equisetifolia, but cones smaller, about 

 J^in. diam., globular and very irregular, with promi- 

 nent valves. Austral. Described as a rapid-growing 

 tree in Calif., with strong and dense growth and 

 numerous fine branches with very short internodes. 



stricta, Dry. (C. quadrivdlvis, Labill.). Becoming 

 20-30 ft. high: branches erect, simple, 6-7-angled, 

 scarcely green, internodes short, as in the latter : sheath- 

 teeth usually 7, ovate-lanceolate and appressed: stam- 

 inate cone slender; pistillate cone nearly sessile, 

 oblong (sometimes staminate above), about 14-sided, 

 1 in. diam. Austral. Gn.M. 7:21. 



torulosa, Dry. (C. tenuissima, Sieber). Reaches 70 

 or 80 ft.: branches erect, capillary, mostly terete, in- 

 ternodes short: sheath-teeth 4, very short, triangular 

 appressed: staminate cones filiform; pistillate cones 

 ellipsoidal, 8-10-sided. Austral. 



sumatrana, Jungh. Shrub with dense very slender 

 branches which are sharply angled, the internodes often 

 very short, the sheath-teeth short : cone large, elliptical 

 or globose, the valves thick and concave-truncate at 

 apex. Sumatra. Offered in England, and the branches 

 said to be useful for bouquets; very much branched. 



L. H. B. 



CATALPA (the Indian name of C. bignonioides). 

 Bignoniaceae. Ornamental trees, often cultivated for 

 their handsome flowers appearing in large and showy 

 panicles in summer, and for their heavy foliage. 



Leaves usually deciduous, opposite, long-petioled, 

 entire or coarsely lobed: fls. in terminal panicles; calyx 

 splitting irregularly or 2-lipped; corolla campanula te, 

 2-lipped, with 2 smaller upper and 3 larger lower lobes; 

 fertile stamens 2, curved, with diverging anther-sacs, 

 not exceeding the tube of the corolla; style 2-lobed at 

 the apex, slightly longer than the stamens: fr. a very 

 long cylindrical caps., separating into 2 valves, with 

 numerous small oblong compressed seeds bearing a 

 tuft of white hairs on each end. About 10 species in 

 N. Amer., W. India and E. Asia, of which 6 are hardy 

 in the northern temperate regions. 



Catalpas are deciduous or rarely evergreen trees with 

 opposite or sometimes whorled, long-petioled, large 



838. Catalpa ovata in fruit. 

 (XM) 



and simple leaves emitting in most species a disagree- 

 able odor when bruised, and with white, pinkish or yel- 

 lowish flowers in large and showy panicles followed by 

 very long and narrow cylindric pods. 



The coarse-grained and soft wood is very durable in 

 the ground, and, therefore, much valued for fence-psts 

 and railway ties. Catalpa bignonioides and particularly 

 C. speciosa are sometimes planted as avenue trees. For 

 formal gardens, if low round-headed trees are desired, 

 C. bignonioides var. nana is to be recommended. They 



839. Catalpa speciosa. ( Xf ) 



grow in almost any somewhat moist soil, and are hardy 

 as far north as New England. Propagated by seeds 

 sown in spring, in the North, best with slight bottom 

 heat, or by cuttings from ripe wood, the varieties often 

 by softwood cuttings in early summer or by grafting 

 on seedlings or on roots under glass in spring; also 

 increased sometimes by layers and root cuttings. 



A. Infl. paniculate: Ivs. 



usually pubescent, 

 with simple hairs. 



B. Fls. yellow, striped 



inside orange and 



spotted dark violet, 



less than 1 in. long. 

 ovata, Don 

 ( C. Kaempferi, 

 Sieb.&Zucc. C. 

 Henryi, Dode). 

 Fig. 838. Tree, 

 to 20 ft.: Ivs. 

 broadly cordate- 

 ovate, abruptly 

 acuminate, often 

 3-5-lobed, nearly 

 glabrous at length, with reddish spots in the axils of 

 the veins beneath, 5-8 in. long: panicles many-fld., 

 4-7 in. long, fragrant. June. China, much cult, in 

 Japan. B.M. 6611. I.H. 9:319. L.I. 10. S.I.F. 2:71. 

 Hardier than the American species. 



BB. Fls. white, with 2 yellow stripes inside, and spotted 

 purplish brown, l%-2 in. long. 



bignonioides, Walt. (C. Catdlpa, Karst. C. syringi- 

 folia, Sims). CATALPA. INDIAN BEAN. Tree, 20-50 

 ft.: Ivs. often whorled, cordate-ovate, abruptly acumi- 

 nate, sometimes with 2 lateral lobes, pubescent beneath, 

 5-8 in. long, of unpleasant odor: panicles many-fld.; 

 iis. about 2 in. diam., thickly spotted inside: pod 6-20 

 in. long, M~M m - thick. June, July. Southern states, 

 north to Tenn., often naturalized elsewhere. B.M. 

 1094. L.B.C. 13:1285. S.S. 6:288-9. Gng. 6:118-9. 

 G.F. 3:537, 539. J. H. III. 32:121. G.C. III. 21:298; 

 29:167; 44:10, 312. F.E. 23:479. G.W. 7, p. 88. G. 

 23:481. G.M. 37:627. Gn. 22, p. 74; 26, p. 164-5; 33, 

 p. 393; 36, p. 239; 66, p. 205. Usually low tree, with 

 very wide-spreading branches. Not much used medici- 

 nally, but pods and seeds said to possess antispasmodic, 

 cardiac, and sedative properties: bark anthelmintic, 

 alterative. There are some garden forms. Var. aurea, 

 Lav. Lvs. yellow. G.M. 53:709. Var. nana, Bur. (C. 

 Bungei, Hort., not C. A. Mey.). Forms a dense, round 

 bush, of ten grafted high. Gng. 3: 195. M.D.G. 1903:616. 

 F.E. 14, p. 31. 



specidsa, Warder. Figs. 839, 840. (C. cordifblia, 

 Jaume, partly). WESTERN CATALPA. Tree, to 100 ft.: 

 Ivs. cordate-ovate, long-acuminate, pubescent beneath, 

 8-12 in. long: panicles comparatively few-fld.; fls. 

 about 2^2 i n - diam., inconspicuously spotted inside: 

 pod K-^in. thick. June. From S. 111. and Ind. to 

 La. and Miss. S.S. 6:290-1. R.H. 1895:136. M.D.G. 

 1903:229-30 (habit). A very desirable ornamental 

 tree, closely allied to the former, but taller and hardier. 

 Properties similar to C. bignonioides. Var. pulverulenta, 

 Paul & Son. Lvs. freely dotted with white or cream 

 color. G.M. 53:30. G. 30:289. F.E. 31:319. 



hybrida, Spaeth (C. Teasii, Penhall. C. Teasidna, 

 Dode). HYBRID CATALPA. Hybrid between C. big- 

 nonioides and C. ovata. Large tree, intermediate 

 between the parents: the Ivs. resemble more those of 



C. ovata, and are purplish when unfolding, but much 

 larger and slightly pubescent beneath, while the fls. 

 are more like B. bignoniodes, but smaller and with 

 the infl. often twice as long. Originated at J. C. 

 Teas' nursery at Baysville, Ind. G.F. 2:305. Gt. 

 47:1454. G.W. 3, p. 569. A very valuable tree, flow- 



