686 



CATASETUM 



CATTLEYA 



Fls. ivory-white; sac of lip deep yellow. Colombia C. Garnettia- 

 num, Rolfe. Allied to C. barbatum. Fis. small; sepals and petals 

 very narrow, green, with large bars of red-brown; lip white, 

 fringed. Amazon. B.M. 7069. C. imperials, Lind. & Cogn. Sepals 

 and petals ovate-acute, white, purple-spotted; lip orbicular-cor- 

 date, purple in center and white-margined. G.C. III. 17:329. S.H. 

 1, p. 369. J.H. III. 30:25. C. labiatum, Rodr. Scapes \Vi ft. 

 long, the male 10-fld., female 2-fld. Organ Mts. C. Undeni, Cogn. 

 Fls. large (as of C. Bungerothii); sepals and petals yellow, with 

 purplish spots and bars; lip yellow, spotted at base. G.C. III. 17: 

 329. S.H. 1, p. 369. C. maculatum, Kunth. Sepals acuminate, 

 spotted with claret; petals broader, red-blotched; lip yellowish 

 green outside, dark brown within. Colombia and Nicaragua. C. 

 mirdbile, Cogn. Fls. very large, the sepals and petals oblong-lan- 

 ceolate, and yellowish, with purple spots and bars; lip kidney- 

 shaped, bright yellow with 2 purple spots, toothed. G.C. III. 17: 

 329. S.H. 1, p. 369. C. monodon, Kranzl. Spike long with 6-8 

 greenish fls.; lip flat, with fringes along border. Brazil. G.C. III. 

 35:354 (desc.). C. pileatum, Reichb., var. aiireum, Hort. Fls. 

 creamy white, shaded with greenish yellow. G.M. 47:829, 831. 

 C. guddridens, Rolfe. Fls. with pair of short, acute teeth situated 

 at lower angles of abortive stigma. C. Rhamphdstos, Hort. 

 Raceme few-fld., up to 10 in. long; fls. pale green. Andes of Colom- 

 bia. C. Scurra, Reichb. f. Compact: fls. fragrant, yellowish white, 

 green-veined; lip 3-lobed. Guiana. G.C. II. 7:304-5. C. spind- 

 sum, Lindl. (Myanthus spinosus, Hook.). Lip spreading, with 

 succulent hairs, bearing on upper side at base an erect 3-partite 

 spine and a much larger one below the acumen. Brazil. B.M. 3802. 

 C. splendens, Cogn. Intermediate between C. Bungerothii and C. 

 macrocarpum. Sepals greenish white with purplish center; petals 

 white with many purple spots; lip cream-color, purple-marked. 

 Runs into many forms: var. album, Lind. & Cogn., white or nearly 

 so. Var. Alicix, Lind. & Cogn. Fls. large; sepals and petals purplish; 

 lip white, toothed. Var. aureo-maculatum. Bossch. Yellow. I.H. 

 43:54. Var. atropurpureum. Hort. Blackish purple. C. tenebrd- 

 sum, Kranzl. Fls. almost black, very spreading. Peru. G.C. III. 

 48:229 (desc.). A. Tracyanum, Hort. A provisional name for a 

 distinct species with whitish green fls. C. viridi-flavum, Hook. 

 Fls. green, the lip conic, yellow inside. Cent. Amer. B.M. 4017. 

 C. Warscewlczii, Lindl. & Paxt. From Panama. Now rarely seen. 



OAKES AMES. 

 L. H. B.f 

 CATCHFLY: Silene. 



CATECHU: Acacia Catechu; Areca Catechu. 



CATERPILLARS. The worm-like pods of Scorpiurus 

 vermiculdta, Linn., S. subvillosa, Linn., and others 

 (Leguminosse), are sometimes used as surprises in 

 salads and soups; and for that purpose they are culti- 

 vated in parts of Europe, and seeds are sold in this 

 country. They are sometimes catalogued as Worms. 

 They are annuals of the easiest culture. The pods of 

 Medicdgo scutelldta, Mill., and others are known as 

 Snails. The pods are not edible. European plants. 

 A.G. 13:681. L. H. B. 



CATESREA (Mark Catesby, 1679-1749, author of 

 natural histories of parts of N. Amer.). Rubidcese. 

 Spiny shrubs of the W. Indies and one (B. parviflora} 

 reaching the coast of Fla., of 6 species, one of which 

 is offered in the trade: Ivs. small, opposite or fasciculate, 

 mostly ovate or oblong: fls. axillary and solitary, white, 

 sometimes showy, 4-merous; corolla funnel-shaped, 

 with short lobes; stamens 4, inserted deep in the tube: 

 fr. a globular berry. C. spinosa, Linn., offered in Fla., 

 is a slow-growing evergreen shrub from the W. Indies: 

 Ivs. ovate to obovate, nearly as long as the straight 

 spines: fls. yellow, large and conspicuous, the corolla- 

 tube tapering down to the middle and then very nar- 

 row or filiform, the segms. much shorter than the 

 tube: berry ovoid, yellow, edible. Recommended for 

 hedges. L. H. B. 



CATHA (Arabian name). Celastrdcese. One ever- 

 green spineless shrub of Arabia and Afr., and cult, in 

 warm countries for the lys., which are said to possess 

 sustaining and recuperative properties and which are 

 eaten by the Arabs or used in the preparation of a 

 beverage. C. edulis, Forsk. (Celdstrus edulis, Vahl). 

 KHAT. CAFTA. Glabrous, to 10 ft. : Ivs. opposite, or on 

 the leafy shoots alternate, thick, narrowly elliptic or 

 oval-oblanceolate, serrate, narrowed to the short petiole, 

 4 in. or less long: fls. small, white, in short axillary 

 clusters; calyx 5-lobed; petals 5; stamens 5, borne on 

 a disk: fr. an oblong or clavate caps., 3-valved, 1-3- 



seeded, J^in. long. Recently offered in this country. 

 The twigs and Ivs. are an object of commerce in Arabia. 



T TT R 

 CATMINT or CATNIP: Nepeta. 



CATOPSIS (Greek compound, of obscure applica- 

 tion). Bromelidcese. Fifteen or more species in Trop. 

 Amer., with strap-shaped or lanceolate mostly rosulate 

 lys. and spikes or racemes of white or yellow fls. termina- 

 ting a scape, very little known in cult. : sepals and petals 

 separate to base; stamens shorter than the calyx; 

 stigma subsessile. They require the cultural conditions 

 of the erect tillandsias. C. nitida, Griseb. (Tilldndsia 

 nitida, Hook.), from W. Indies and S., is 6^-18 in. tall, 

 with oblong-mucronate shining green Ivs. in rosettes, 

 and white fls. in slender spikes. C. penduliflora, Wright, 

 from Peru, is recently intro., with oblong-elliptic Ivs. 

 (6 in. long) in a rosette and with thin denticulate mar- 

 gins, and white pendulous short-stalked fls. on a race- 

 mosely branched scape 1^ ft. high. 



CAT-TAIL: Typha. 



CATTLEYA (William Cattley, an early English 

 horticulturist and naturalist). Orchiddcese. Epiphytic 

 orchids, requiring intermediate temperatures. 



Pseudobulbs ovoid, clavate, fusiform or cylindric, 

 short or elongated, smooth or furrowed, bearing 1-3 

 Ivs.: Ivs. coriaceous: fls. single or in clusters, borne 

 usually at the apex of the pseudobulb, rarely on a leafy 

 st. arising from the base of the pseudobulb, showy; 

 sepals and petals similar or the petals much broader, 

 membranous or fleshy; lip usually 3-lobed; lateral lobes 

 commonly forming a tube inclosing the column, rarely 

 the lateral lobes small; column clavate, fleshy; pollinia 

 4. A genus of about 40 species, natives of continental 

 Trop. Amer., especially numerous in Brazil and in the 

 Andean region. Innumerable hybrids and horticultural 

 forms have been named, those of the labiata group 

 alone running into hundreds. Showiest of all orchids, 

 and of great commercial value. 



The growing of cattleyas. 



The cattleyas are indigenous to the western hemi- 

 sphere only, Central and South America being the 

 regions in which they abound, particularly in the latter, 

 from the different countries of which large quantities 

 are imported yearly. During the last few years the col- 

 lecting and importing of cattleyas into the United 

 States has assumed large proportions, owing to a con- 

 tinually and steadily increased demand, not only by 

 amateurs but also by the trade in general. There are 

 two particular reasons for this increased demand : first, 

 the exquisitely beautiful flowers, combined with size 

 and marvelous colors adapted for decorations at all 

 sorts of functions, are never out of place; second, their 

 easy culture. Florists and amateurs alike are begin- 

 ning to realize that, after all, orchids are plants, and if 

 only treated in a common sense way they are by far 

 easier to grow than a good many other plants, and 

 especially so the cattleyas, provided some attention is 

 paid to their requirements. 



Cattleyas, as a whole, delight in a genial atmosphere, 

 with all the air possible when the outside temperature 

 will permit. In summer, from May on to the end of 

 October, air should be admitted day and night; thus 

 there are no temperatures to be prescribed for these 

 months. Later, when artificial heat has to be depended 

 on, 50 to 55 at night is the best, bearing in mind that 

 the earliest species to flower may be kept at the warmer 

 end, and the later summer-blooming species, such as 

 C. Mossise and C. gigas, may be wintered at the cooler 

 end of the structure; thus beginning in autumn with 

 C. labiata, C. Percivaliana, C. Trianse, C. Schrcederse, C. 

 Mossise, C. Mendelii; and, last of all, C. gigas, in their 

 regular order, of bloom, these may be treated according 

 to their season of flowering. One cannot change the 



