CELASTRUS 



CELERIAC 



701 



stigma: fr. a caps, dehiscent into 3 valves, each con- 

 taining 1 or 2 seeds, inclosed in a fleshy crimson aril. 

 More than 30 species in S. and E. Asia, Austral, and 

 Amer. The species with perfect fls. in axillary cymes 

 and with evergreen Ivs., being rigid and often spiny 

 shrubs, are now included under Gymnosporia, which 

 see. 



These shrubs are hardy and ornamental, very effec- 

 tive with their bright-colored fruit remaining usually 

 throughout the winter; C. angulatus is also worth 

 growing for its large handsome foliage. They are very 

 valuable for covering trelliswork, trees or rocks and 

 walls: they grow in almost any soil and situation, and 

 as well in shaded as in sunny positions. Propagated by 

 seeds, sown in fall or stratified, and by root-cuttings or 

 layers; suckers are freely produced, and become some- 

 times a nuisance in nurseries; they also can be increased 

 by cuttings of mature and of soft wood. 



A. Under side of Ivs. green. 



B. Lvs. 2-4 in. long: branchlets terete. 



c. Fls. andfr. in axillary few-fid, cymes along the branches. 



orbiculatus, Thunb. (C. articuldtus, Thunb.). Fig. 

 854. High-climbing shrub: Ivs. cuneate, suborbicular 

 to oblong or obovate, acute or acuminate, crenate-ser- 

 rate, 2-3 in. long: fr. globular, orange-yellow, with 

 crimson seeds. Japan, China. B.M. 7599. G.F. 3:550 

 (adapted in Fig. 854). A.F. 9:534. G.C. III. 23:29; 

 43:242. Gng. 5:119. M.D.G. 1902:306. Var. punc- 

 tatus, Rehd. (C. punctatus, Thunb.). A less vigorous 

 grower, with smaller, elliptic Ivs. C. orbiculatus is of 

 more vigorous growth than the following species, and 

 fruits very profusely, but the frs. are hidden by the 

 foliage, and are not very conspicuous until the Ivs. have 

 fallen, while C. scandens bears its frs. above the Ivs. 



cc. Fls. and fr. in terminal panicles. 



scandens, Linn. FALSE BITTER-SWEET. WAX- WORK. 

 Fig. 855. High, climbing to 20 ft. : Ivs. cuneate, ovate to 

 ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, crenate-serrate, glabrous, 

 2-4 in. long : fls. in terminal, many-fld. panicles or racemes 

 2-4 in. long: fr. about ^in. diam., orange-yellow, with 

 crimson seeds. Canada to S. D. and New Mex. Em. 545. 

 A.G. 11:29, 31. G.F. 5:569 (adapted in Fig. 855). Gng. 

 5:119. A.F. 9:534. V. 3:315. Gn. 33, p. 393 (habit). 



paniculatus, Willd. (C. dependens, Wall.). Branches 

 brown with numerous small white lenticels, pendulous: 

 Ivs. ovate-oblong or obovate, sometimes to 5 in. long: 

 fls. in terminal pendulous panicles 4-8 in. long. Hima- 

 layas. Not hardy N. 



854. Celastrus orbiculatus. (XH) 



855. Celastrus scandens. 



(XMD 



BB. Lvs. 4~6 in. long and 3-5 in. broad: 

 branchlets angular. 



angulatus, Maxim. (C. latifolius, Hemsl.). Glabrous 

 shrub, climbing to 20 ft.: branchlets angular, finely 

 lenticellate: Ivs. broadly ovate or roundish, abruptly 

 short-acuminate, crenately serrate: terminal panicles 

 4-6 in. long: fr. subglobose, nearly ^i n - thick, on thick 

 short stalks, yellow with orange seeds. N.W. and Cent. 

 China. H.I. 23:2206. Even without fr. effective on 

 account of its large foliage; has proved hardy at the 

 Arnold Arboretum. 



AA. Under side of the Ivs. bluish white. 

 hypoleucus, Warb. (C. hypoglaiica, Hemsl. Erythro- 

 spermum hypoleucum, Oliver). Glabrous shrub with 

 terete brown branches scarcely lenticellate: lys. elliptic 

 or oblong-elliptic, 2-4 in. long, short-acuminate, re- 

 motely serrulate: terminal panicles 2-5 in. long, loose: 

 fr. about ^iin. thick on slender stalks, K~H m - long. 

 Cent. China. H.I. 19:1899. 



C. flagellaris, Rupr. Allied to C. orbiculatus. Branches with 

 persistent spiny stipules, sometimes rooting: Ivs. ovate or oval, 

 small, finely serrulate, slender-petioled: fr. axillary, small. N. 

 China, Korea, Japan. Quite hardy, but not so handsome as C. 

 orbiculatus. C. niUans, Hort. Reasoner, not Roxbg.=Quisqualis 

 indica. C. Orixa, Sieb. & Zucc.=Orixa japonica. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



CELERIAC (Apium graveolens, Linn., var. rapa- 

 ceum, DC.). Umbelliferas. Fig. 856. An offshoot of the 

 celery species, producing an edible root-part instead of 

 edible leaves. 



Celeriac is very little grown in this country, and to 

 Americans is almost unknown, but it is much prized in 

 Europe. Here it is cultivated chiefly where there is a 

 foreign population. Fifteen or twenty varieties are 

 mentioned in the seed catalogues, but there is very 

 little difference in the various sorts, some seedsmen 

 even making no distinction between varieties, but 

 cataloguing the plant simply as celeriac. 



