716 



CEPHALOTAXUS 



CERASTIUM 



A. Lvs. 2-3 in.: branchlels yellowish green, pendulous. 

 Fortunei, Hook. Lvs. tapering gradually into a sharp 

 point, usually falcate, dark green and shining above: 

 fr. greenish brown, obovate. N. China, Japan. B.M. 

 4499. F.S. 6:555. R.H. 1878, p. 117. This is the 

 most graceful species, with long and slender branches, 

 attaining in its native country 50 ft. in height, in cult, 

 usually remaining a shrub. 



AA. Lvs. 1-2 in. long. 

 B. Base of Ivs. cuneate; Ivs. loosely %-ranked. 



HarringtSnia, Koch (C. pedunculata, Sieb. & Zucc. 

 C. drupdcea var. Harringtonia, Pilger) . With spreading, 

 often somewhat pendulous branches, dark green when 

 young: Ivs. to 2 in. long, narrowed into a sharp point, 

 shining and dark green above: staminate fls. distinctly 

 peduncled: fr. ovoid, rounded at both ends, rarely 

 globular. Japan, China. G.C. II. 21:113; III. 18:716; 

 33:228. In Japan, tree to 25 ft., usually shrub in cult. 

 A remarkable form is var. fastigiata, Silva Tarouca 

 (C. pedunculata var. fastigiata, Carr. Podocdrpus 

 koraiana, Sieb. & Zucc.), of columnar habit, with up- 

 right branches and spirally arranged Ivs. G.C. II. 

 21:112; III. 33:229. S.H. 2:450. Gng. 2:341. Var. 

 sphaeralis, Rehd. (C. pedunculata var. sphseralis, 

 Mast.), has globose fr.: Ivs. falcate, subacuminate, 

 l^-2in. long. G.C. II. 21:117. 



drupacea, Sieb. & Zucc. Branches spreading, stiff, 

 usually light green when young: Ivs. about 1 in. long, 

 abruptly pointed, narrow and straight, often upturned: 

 staminate fls. very short-stalked: fr. usually obovate, 

 narrowed at the base. Japan. G.C. III. 18:717; 33: 

 227. B.M. 8285. The dwarfest species. Var. sinensis, 

 Rehd. & Wilson. Shrub, to 12 ft.: Ivs. linear-lanceolate, 

 tapering to sharp point. Cent, and W. China. 



BB. Base of Ivs. truncate; Ivs. very closely set. 



Oliver!, Mast. Shrub or small tree: Ivs. strictly 

 2-ranked, rigid, broadly linear, spiny-pointed, about 1 in. 

 long, bright green with 2 broad white bands beneath, 

 the midrib scarcely elevated: fr. ovoid or obovoid, 

 shortly apiculate, about ^in. long. Cent. China. H.I. 

 1933 (as C. Griffithii). G.C. III. 33:226. Differs from 

 the other species in the very closely set rigid Ivs. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



875. Cephalotus follicularis. 



CEPHALOTUS (Greek, head-shaped, in reference to 

 the knob-like swelling behind each anther). Ceph- 

 alotacese, a monotypic family near Saxifragacese. The 

 one species C. follicularis, Labill. (Fig. 875), is 

 abundant at King George's Sound and Swan River in 

 S. W. Austral. From there it has frequently been 

 intro. into cult., and is now met with in American 

 collections. The short creeping rhizomes form 2 sets 



of Ivs. each season: a set of 4-6 flat spatulate Ivs., and 

 later as many dainty pitchered Ivs. that are richly 

 colored green, crimson or purple, and white. The 

 pitchers are J^-l^ in- long, are covered externally 

 with minute alluring glands, and these with the color- 

 ing attract insects. They slip from the smooth-ribbed 

 rim into the cavity, and 

 there are digested by fer- 

 ment liquids poured out by 

 special glands. The erect 

 scape bears an interrupted 

 spike of small white apeta- 

 lous fls., each with a 6- 

 parted calyx, 12 stamens, 

 and 6 separate 1-seeded 

 carpels. The plant grows 

 best under a bell-jar, and 

 in a pot amongst fine sandy 

 loam that is covered by 

 sphagnum moss. The lower 

 part of the pot should stand 

 in a vessel with about J^in. 

 of water, and the whole 

 should be placed in a cool 

 greenhouse near the light, 

 when the pitchers assume 

 richest colorings. Prop, is 

 easily effected by separation 

 of small pieces of rhizome 

 that bear 1 or 2 Ivs., also 

 by seeds that mature not 

 unfrequently under cult. R. 

 B.23, p. 233. I.H. 27:391. 

 F.S. 3:290. G. 23:340. G. 

 W. 8:390. J.H. III. 35:260. 

 J. M. MACFARLANE. 



CERASTIUM (Greek for 

 horn, alluding to the shape 

 of the pod). Caryophyl- 

 loxese. MOUSE-EAR CHICK- 

 WEED. Decumbent annuals or perennials, used in 

 rockeries or for bedding and borders. 



Pubescent or hirsute herbs, rarely glaucous: Ivs. 

 small, opposite, entire: fls. white, borne in terminal, 

 dichotpmous cymes; sepals 5, rarely 4; petals as many, 

 emarginate or 2-cleft; stamens 10, rarely fewer; styles 

 5, rarely 4 or 3, opposite the sepals: caps, cylindric, 

 often curved, dehiscing at the top by 10, rarely 8, 

 teeth. About 100 species of world-wide distribution 

 according to the largest delimitation of the genus; by 

 some authorities reduced to 40 or 50 species. 



Cerastiums are of easy culture in ordinary garden 

 soil. They are propagated by divisions or by cuttings 

 taken after flowering and planted in a shady place. 

 They are more or less used for edgings and in rockeries. 



A. Lvs. green, merely pubescent. 



arvense, Linn. (var. oblongifolium, Holl. & Brit.). 

 STARRY GRASSWORT. Fig. 876. Perennial, low, much 

 branched and matted: sts. 8-12 in. long: Ivs. oblong or 

 lanceolate, pale green, pubescent, obtuse, Mj-lJ^ in. 

 long, J^in. wide: fls. very numerous, appearing in Apr. 

 and May; petals 5, deeply bifid: caps, twice as long as 

 the calyx. A species of very wide range, growing 

 mostly in dry rocky places from Labrador to Alaska 

 and south to Ga. and Calif.; also in Asia and Eu. Gn. 

 71, p. 504. Recommended as a bedding plant, for its 

 mat-like habit, covered with white bloom. Var. com- 

 pactum, Hort., is hardy in S. E. Canada. 



purpurascens, Adams. Perennial, hairy, pubescent, 

 cespitose, about 4 in. high: lower Ivs. oblong, narrowed 

 into the petiole; upper Ivs. linear-lanceolate: cymes 

 dichotomous or often simply umbelliform; fls. white; 

 petals twice as long as calyx, ovate-oblong: caps, 

 cylindric, twice as long as calyx. Asia Minor. Hardy. 



876. Cerastium arvense. 



