724 



CEREUS 



CERINTHE 



AAA. Sts. weak, clambering over rocks or other plants, 

 and without aerial roots. 



21. Bpnplandii, Farm. Sts. at first upright, later 

 clambering over rocks and bushes, about 1-1% in. 

 diam., branching and spreading, in new growth com- 

 monly of a bluish or purplish green, later gray-green: 

 ribs 4-6, sharp, compressed, crenate, separated by 

 broad, concave faces; later the ribs become much de- 

 pressed, so that the st. is sometimes nearly cylindrical; 

 the ribs commonly run spirally around the axis of the 

 St.: areoles %-l% m - apart, at first considerably de- 

 pressed, later shallower, white, becoming gray: radial 

 spines 4-6 (later 1-4 more appear), straight, spreading, 

 the largest about %-l in., stout, subulate, pointed, the 

 under one needle-form and shorter; central solitary, 

 straight, stronger, Tin. long, deflexed or porrect; the 

 stronger spines are white, with tips and bases brown, 

 when young beautiful ruby-red, later all are gray, with 

 black tips and bulbous bases: fls. from the lateral areoles 

 about 10 in. long, white, nocturnal: fr. nearly spheri- 

 cal, about 2 in. diam., mammate, dark carmine-red. 

 Paraguay, Brazil, and Argentina. 



22. tortudsus, Forbes (C. atropurpureus, Haage). 

 Sts. slender, weak, at first upright, but later reflexed, 

 reaching a length of 3-4 ft., and 1-1% in. diam.: ribs 

 commonly 7, sometimes but 5, rounded, low, separated 

 by regular serpentine grooves: areoles about 1 in. apart, 

 large: radial spines 5-8, about %~1 in. long; centrals 

 1-4, about %-lK in. long; all the spines slender, rigid, 

 red-brown when young, becoming ashy with age: fls. 

 from the previous year's growth, about 6 in. long, trum- 

 pet-shaped, tube olive-green and spiny, in the axils of 

 the reddish green scales; outer petals pale green, tinted 

 with brown; inner petals clear white: fr. spherical, bril- 

 liant red without and white within, mammate, bearing 

 a few spines on the summits of the lower mammas. 

 Argentina. 



23. M&rtinii, Labour (C. monacdnthus, Hort.). At 

 first upright, later requiring a support; freely branching 

 from the base, branches long, reaching nearly 5 ft., 

 %-l in. diam., slightly tapering, dark green: ribs 5-6, 

 separated by serpentine grooves, contracted between 

 the areoles; sometimes the ribs are not evident, when 

 the st. is cylindrical: areoles about 1-1% in. apart, 

 white: radial spines 5-7, reddish, short, bristle-form, 

 with bulbous bases or short conical, usually about ^gin. 

 long; central solitary, mostly deflexed, J^-l in. long 

 (in young growth, frequently not longer than the 

 radial), subulate, robust, light brown or white, with 

 bases and tips black: fls. from the older growth sts., 

 8-9 in. long, clear white, nocturnal: fr. spherical (very 



885. Cerinthe retorta. ( X 1 A) 



similar to C. tortuosus), pointed, dark carmine-red, 

 about 2 in. diam., mammate, a few spines on the mam- 

 mas, toward the base of the fr. Argentina. R.H. 1860, 

 pp. 658-9. This species is commonly sold under the 

 name of C. platygonus. 



24. Pitajaya, DC. (C. pernambucensis [fernambu- 

 censis], Lem. C. formbsus, Salm-Dyck. C. varidbilis, 

 Pfeiff.). By recent authorities referred to the genus 

 Acanthocereus. St. at first simple, later branching, in 

 young growth light green, turning grayish green with 

 age, pointed, jMr-1/4 in. diam.: ribs 3-5, commonly 4: 

 areoles about 1 in. apart, large, bearing a conspicuous 

 amount of curly hair, about %in. long, in new growth: 

 radial spines 5-7 and a solitary central one, uniform, 

 about %-% in. long, amber color to brown and finally 

 gray: fls. from the older growth, large, about 8 in. long, 

 slightly curved, white, nocturnal. Uruguay, Brazil, 

 Colombia. B.M. 4084. C. grdndis, Haw., according 

 to Weber, is but a larger form of this species. 



AAAA. Sts. more or less climbing by means of 

 aerial roots. 



25. Martianus, Zucc. Of bushy growth, branching, 

 reaching a height of 3 ft. and more: branches slender, 

 provided here and there with aerial roots, cylindrical, 

 about Min. diam. : ribs commonly 8, straight, sepa- 

 rated by sharp grooves, very low: areoles ^-^in. 

 apart, small, white: radial spines 6-10, bristle-form, 

 spreading, clear honey-yellow, at base brownish, later 

 whitish and becoming gray, about J^in. long; centrals 

 3-4, similar, only somewhat stouter and darker: fls. 

 usually abundant, straight or slightly S-shaped, 4-5 in. 

 long, scarlet-red: fr. spherical, reddish green, covered 

 with bristles. S. Mex. B.M. 3768. 



C. ventimtglia, Vaupel (Borzicactus ventimiglia, Riccob.). St. 

 slender, 8- or 9-ribbed: spines in clusters of 8-10, spreading: peri- 

 anth-tube elongated, opening into a large throat; petals red-violet: 

 fr. small, globular, bearing few bracts. This species apparently 

 does not belong to the true Cereus, and is probably much nearer 

 Cleistocactus, as suggested in the Kew Bulletin. It was described 

 from plants flowering in the Botanical Garden at Palermo, Italy, 

 and which are said to have come from Ecuador. Borzicactus is a 

 recently described genus, not yet intro. into American collections. 



C. a/amoserms=Rathbunia alamosensis. C. Baiimannii= 

 Cleistocactus Baumannii. C. Berlandieri = Echinocereus. C. 

 csespitdsus = Echinocereus. C. candelabrum = Lemaireocereus 

 Weberi. C. CTiotfa=Escontria Chiotilla. C. chlordnthus=Echi- 

 nocereus. C. coccineMS=Echinocereus. C. Cdc/iai=Myrtillocactus 

 Cochal. C. conoWews=Echinocereus. C. c<emrfes=Echinocer- 

 eus. C. cylindricus=Opuntia,. C. dasyacdnthus = Echino- 

 cereus. C. Donkelxri=Se\eniceTeus Donkelaerii. C. diibius= 

 Echinocereus. C. Z)jiTOor/ien=Lemaireocereus Dumortieri. C. 

 e6wrneus=Lemaireocereus griseus. C. ^mor2/i=Bergerocactus 

 Emoryi. C. ngelmanii='EchmoccTcus. C. enneacdnthus = Ech- 

 inocereus. C. eruca=Lemaireocereus eruca. C. extensus=Hylo- 

 cereus extensus. C. Fendleri=Eclunocere\is. C. flagdlifdrmis 

 Aporocactus flagelliformis. C. geometrizans = Myrtillocactus 

 geometrizans. C. giganteus=Ca,Tnegiea, gigantea. C. gonacdnthus 

 =Echinocereus. C. grandifldrus=Se\emcereus grandiflorus. 

 C. Grep(/u=Peniocereus Greggii. C. 0wmmdsus=Lemaireocereus 

 gummosus. C. hamatus=SeleniceTeus hamatus. C. inerm\a= 

 Selenicereus inermis. C. longisetus=EchinoceTeu9. C. Mdl- 

 lisonii is a hybrid. C. AfacZ)onaWia?=Selenicereus MacDonaldise. 

 C. 7nar0i?io/us=Pachycereus marginatus. C. Mdynardii= 

 Selenicereus. C. mexicdnus is probably a hybrid. C. mojavensis 

 =Echinocereus.- C. 7iapoZedms=Hylocereus napoleonis. C. 

 JVcfceJsu=Cephalocereus. C. nyctlcalus=SeleniceTeua nycticalus. 

 C. paurfspmus=Echinoeereus. C. pech'nd/us=Echinocereus. 



C. phceniceus = Echinocereus. C. prtnceps = Acanthocereus 

 pentagonus. C. procum6ens=Echinocereus. C. queretarensis 

 =Pachycereus queretarensis. C. fle0eZu=Selenicereus hybrid. 

 C. repdndus = Harrisia gracilis. C. .Reperi=Echinocereus. 



C. Scheeri = Echinocereus. C. stnilis = Cephalocereus. C. 

 serpeninus=Nyctocereus serpentinus. C. specidss=HeIiocereus. 

 speciosus. C. spt'rcwWsws=Selenieereus spinulosus. C. stellatus 

 =Lemaireocereus stellatus. C. s/raTOieus=Echinocereus. C. 

 Thiirberi = Lemaireocereus Thurberi. C. triangularis = Hylo- 

 cereus tricostatus. C. tuberdsus = Wilcoxia. C. viridifldrus.= 

 Echinocereus. j ^ RoSE.f 



CERINTHE (Greek, keros, wax; anthos, flower: the 

 ancients thought that the bees visited the flowers for 

 wax). Boragindceas. Annual or perennial herbs from 

 Europe and Asia Minor, with alternate glaucous 

 leaves and showy purple bracts. 



Calyx deeply divided, the tubular corolla with 5 very 

 small reflexed lobes, usually differently colored from 



