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CH^NOMELES 



petioles about J^in. long: fls. in clusters, red, \*A m. 

 across; styles pubescent at the base; petals distinctly 

 clawed' fr. oblong-ovoid, 6-7 in. long, with a cavity at 

 each end. Cent. China. H.I. 27:2657, 2658. Closely 

 related to the following species, but Ivs. much narrower; 

 less hardy. 



BB. Lvs. elliptic-oblong to obovate, glabrous. 

 jap6nica, Lindl. (Pyrus japdnica, Thunb. Cydbnia 

 japdnica, Pers. Chsenomeles lagenaria, Koidzumi). 

 JAPAN QUINCE. JAPONICA. Fig. 889. Shrub, 3-6 ft., 

 with spreading, spiny branches: Ivs. ovate or oblong, 

 acute, sharply serrate, glabrous, glossy above, 1K~3 in. 

 long: fls. in 2-6-fld. clusters, scarlet-red in the type, 

 \Yz-1 in. across: fr. globular or ovoid, 1^-2 in. high, 

 yellowish green. March, April. China, Japan. R.B. 

 1:260. L.B.C. 16:1594. Gn. 33, p. 491; 40:126; 50, 

 p. 106 (frs.); 71, p. 262 (habit). G.C. III. 34:434. B.H. 

 1:260 (frs.). R.H. 1876: 330 (fr.). G.M. 35,suppl. Nov. 

 12. V. 4:38. Many garden forms in all shades from 

 white to deep scarlet, and also with double fls. Some 

 of the best are the following: Var. alba, Lodd. Fls. 

 white, blushed. L.B.C. 6:541. Var. albo-cincta, 



889. Chaenomeles japonica, the Japan or flowering quince. 



Van Houtte. Fls. white with pink margin. F.S. 14 : 1403. 

 Var. albo-rdsea, Spaeth. Fls. white, partly pink. 

 G.W. 7:113. Var. atrosanguinea plena, Hort. Fls. 

 deep scarlet, semi-double. Var. Baltzii, Spaeth. Fls. 

 beautiful rosy pink, very floriferous. G.W. 7 : 113. Var. 

 Candida, Hort. Fls. pure white. Var. cardinalis, Carr. 

 Fls. large, deep scarlet. R.H. 1872:330, f. 1. Var. 

 eburnea, Carr. Fls. pure white, rather small. R.H. 

 1872:330, f. 4. Var. Gaujardii, Lem. Fls. salmon- 

 orange. I.H. 7:260. Var. grandifldra, Rehd. (C. alba 

 grandiflbra, Carr.). Fls. nearly white, large. R. H. 

 1876:410. Gn. 13:144. Var. Mallardii, Carr. Fls. 

 rose, bordered white. R.H. 1872:330, p. 2. I.H. 4:135. 

 G.Z. 1:208. Var. Moerlodsei, Versch. Fls. white, 

 striped pink. I.H. 3:107. F.S. 5:510. Var. Papeleui, 

 Lem. Fls. yellow, bordered pink. I.H. 7:260. Var. 

 pendula, Temple & Beard, with slender, pendulous 

 branches. Var. rdsea plena, Hort. Fls. rose, semi- 

 double. Var. rubra grandifldra, Hort. Fls. large, 

 deep crimson. Var. sanguinea plena, Hort. Fls. 

 scarlet, double. Var. ser6tina, Andre". Fls. in stalked 

 leafy clusters in autumn. R.H. 1894, pp. 424, 425; 

 1903, p. 20. Var. Simonii, Andre. Fls. dark crimson, 

 semi-double: low and upright. G.W. 7:113. Var. 

 sulphur ea, Hort. (var. sulphur ea perfccta, Van Houtte). 

 Fls. yellowish. Var. umbilicata, Sieb. & De Vries. 

 With rose-red fls., and large frs. umbilicate at the 

 apex. F.S. 5:510. 



CH^TOSPERMUM 



Maulei, Schneid. (Pyrus Maulei, Mast. Cydbnia 

 Maulei, Moore. C. alpina, Koehne). Low shrub, 1-3 ft.: 

 branches spiny, with short, rough tomentum when young: 

 Ivs. roundish oval to obovate, obtuse or acute, coarsely 

 crenate-serrate, glabrous, 1-2 in. long: fls. bright orange- 

 scarlet, 1-1 Yi in. across: fr. yellow, nearly globular, 

 about 1J^ in. across. March, April. Japan. B.M. 

 6780. G.C. II. 1:757 and 2:741; 111.34:435. Gn. 

 13:390; 33, p. 490; 50, p. 106; 55, p. 354. F. 1875:49. 

 R.H. 1875:195. F.M. 1875:161. H.B. 26:241. A 

 very desirable hardy shrub, with abundant fls. of a 

 peculiar shade of red. Var. alpina, Schneid. (C. japonica 

 var. alpina, Maxim. Cydbnia Sdrgenlii, Lemoine). 

 Dwarf spiny shrub, with procumbent sts. and ascend- 

 ing branches: lys. roundish oval, ^-1 in. long: flower- 

 ing and fruiting profusely. R.H. 1911:204. Var. 

 superba, Hort. Fls. deeper red. Var. tricolor Hort. 

 Dwarf shrub, with pink and white variegated Ivs. 

 By some botanists this species is considered to be the 

 typical C. japonica, and the preceding species is called 

 C. lagenaria. ALFRED REHDER. 



CHJENOSTOMA (gaping mouth, in allusion to the 

 shape of the corolla). Scrophulariacex. African herbs 

 or sub-shrubs sometimes planted in greenhouses, or in 

 the open in mild climates. 



Leaves simple, mostly opposite: fls. axillary or ter- 

 minal-racemose, showy; stamens attached to the throat 

 of the corolla, more or less exserted; style filiform and 

 club-shaped, and obtuse at the apex; corolla tubular, 

 swollen in the throat, with a 5-lobed spreading limb: 

 fr. a caps, with numerous seeds. Recent authorities 

 combine this genus with Sutera, which, in the enlarged 

 sense, comprises more than 190 species in Afr. and the 

 Canary Isls. Chsenostoma, as separately limited, has 

 25-30 S. African plants with white, yellow or reddish 

 fls. axillary or in terminal racemes. Ivs. usually oppo- 

 site, mostly dentate, 4 didynamous stamens which are 

 exserted rather than included as in typical Sutera and 

 the top of the style club-shaped and stigma obtuse 

 rather than 2-lobed. 



hispidum, Benth. (Sutera brachidta, Roth). Small 

 perennial, sometimes an under-shrub, with opposite, 

 oval or oblong, toothed Ivs., and blush-white or rosy 

 white star-like fls. Y^va.. across, in dense clusters. S. 

 Afr. J. H. III. 33:636. An old and deserving green- 

 house or pot-plant, but rarely seen at present. It 

 blooms almost continuously, the fls. sometimes hiding 

 the foliage. Prop, by seeds or cuttings, either in fall or 

 spring. Begins to bloom when 4-6 in. high. To be 

 recommended for windows, and for summer vases. It 

 has been listed as Schcenostoma hispidum. In S. Calif., 

 it is a half-hardy dwarf shrub (12 to 20 in. high and 

 withstanding 4-6 degrees of frost), recommended for 

 edgings. N. TAYLOR.f 



CHjEROPH^LLUM (Greek-made name, referring 

 to the agreeably scented foliage). Umbelliferse. 

 Scented herbs, annual, biennial or perennial, glabrous 

 or hirsute, often tuberous-rooted, of 30-40 species in 

 the northern hemisphere, one of which is cult. Lvs. 

 pinnately or ternately decompound, the segms. also 

 toothed or cut: fls. small, white, in a compound many- 

 rayed umbel; calyx-teeth 0: carpels with 5 more or less 

 apparent ribs, the beak or much shorter than the 

 body. C. bulbdsum, Linn., of Cent. Eu. and the Cau- 

 casus, biennial, is the turnip-rooted chervil. (See Cher- 

 vil.) St. hairy, at least below, 3-5 ft. tall, branching, 

 swollen below the joints, the root tuberous (and edi- 

 ble) : Ivs. much compound, the ultimate divisions very 

 narrow. L. H. B. 



CK/ETOSPERMUM (from Greek, hair and seed). 

 Limonia Chastospermum., Roemer. Rutaceae, tribe 

 Citrese. A small spiny tree, proposed as a stock for 

 citrus fruits. 



