CHRYSANTHEMUM 



CHRYSANTHEMUM 



759 



938. The small and 

 regular anemone type. 



neither of these popular names 

 is entirely accurate or distinc- 

 tive. They are the blended 

 product of C. indicum and C. 

 morifolium, two species of 

 plants that grow wild in China 

 and Japan. The outdoor or 

 hardy chrysanthemums are de- 

 rived from the same species, 

 being less developed forms. 

 The florist's chrysanthemum is 

 not necessarily a glasshouse 

 subject; but it is bloomed 

 under glass for protection and 

 to secure a longer season. Ten 

 to fifteen dominant types of 

 chrysanthemums have been 

 recognized by the National 

 Chrysanthemum Society of 

 England. The words "types," 

 "races," and "sections," have 

 always been used by horticul- 

 turists to express much the 

 same thing, but types can 

 always be defined clearly, while 

 sections cannot, and the word 

 race should be restricted to 

 cultivated varieties that repro- 

 duce their character by seed, 

 which is not the case with the 

 large - flowering chrysanthe- 

 mums. The following explana- 

 tion and scheme, it is hoped, will clearly set forth the 

 main types, and explain some of the many terms that 

 confuse the beginner. The horticultural sections are 

 wholly arbitrary, being chiefly for the convenience of 

 competitors at exhibitions, and therefore changing with 

 the fashions. The present classification is based on the 

 form of the flower, as each type can be had in any 

 color found in the whole genus. 



A. Single forms: rays in 1 series, or few series: disk 

 low and flat. 



1. The Small Single Type. Fig. 950. Fls. about 2 in. 

 across, star-like, i. e., with the rays arranged in one 

 series around the yellow disk. "Single," however, is a 

 relative term, and in Fig. 950 there is more than one 

 series of rays, but this does not destroy the "single- 

 ness" of effect. All 

 fls. are either single, 

 semi-double, or 

 double, but all the 

 intermediate forms 

 between the two 

 extremes of single- 

 ness and doubleness 

 tend to disappear, 

 as they are not 

 desired. 



2. The Large Sin- 

 gle Type. Like the 

 preceding, but the 

 fls. 4 in. or more 

 across, and fewer. 

 The large and small 

 single types are 

 practically never 

 grown outdoors and 

 are best suited for 

 pot culture, each 

 specimen bearing 

 20-80 fls. They 

 are also grown by 

 florists in consider- 



939. Japanese aemone chrysanthe- able . quantity for 

 mum when fully expanded. cutting. 



AA. Anemone-fld. forms: rays as 



in A: disk high and rounded. 

 B. Fls. (florets) small, numerous, 



regular. 



3. The Small Anemone Type. 

 Commonly called "Pompon 

 Anemone." Fig. 938. Fls. 2-3 

 in. across, and usually more 

 numerous than in the large 

 anemone type. All the anem- 

 one forms are essentially sin- 

 gle, but the raised disk, with its elon- 

 gated tubular fls., usually yellow 

 but often of other colors, gives them 

 a distinct artistic effect, and they 

 are, therefore, treated as intermediates 

 in character between the single and 

 double forms. Like the single forms, 

 they are less popular than the double 

 kinds, and the varieties are, there- 

 fore, less numerous and more subject 

 to the caprices of fashion. 



BB. Fls. large, fewer, regular. 

 4. The Large Anemone Type. Fls. 4 in 

 or more across and fewer. Heads must have 

 large size, high neatly formed centers, and 

 regularly arranged florets, the disk being composed 

 of long tubes or quills and the rays flat and hori- 

 zontally arranged. 



BBB. Fls. large, few, irregular. 



5. The Japanese Anemone Type. Fig. 939. Fls. 

 4 in. or more across, and irregular in outline; fantastic 

 and extreme anemone forms. 



AAA. Double-fld. forms: rays in many series: disk absent 



or nearly so. 

 B. Fls. small; rays short. 



6. The Pompon Type. Figs. 940, 949. Fls. 1-2 in. 

 across. The outdoor kinds are likely to be small, flat 

 and buttonlike, while those cult, indoors are usually 

 larger and nearly globular. Fig. 940 shows the former 

 condition. It is from one of the old hardy kinds long 

 cult, in the gardens as "Chinese" or "small-flowered" 

 chrysanthemums, and commonly supposed to be the 

 product of C. indicum, as opposed to the "Japanese" 

 or "large-flowered" kinds intro. in 1862, which marked 

 a new era by being less formal and more fanciful than 

 any of the preceding 



kinds. Pompons are 

 little cult, under glass 

 in Amer., being re- 

 garded mostly as out- 

 door subjects. 



BB. Fls. large. 

 c. Blossoms hairy. 



7. The Hairy Type. 

 Fig. 941. Also called 

 "Ostrich Plume" and 

 "Japanese Hairy." 

 The famous prototype 

 is the variety Mrs. 

 Alpheus Hardy, pic- 

 tured in Gn. 35, p. 307, 

 which was sold for 

 $1,500 in 1888, and 

 started the American 

 chrysanthemum craze. 

 White fls. with long 

 hairs are very delicate 

 and pretty, but the 



hairs are often minute, 940 Type of pompon chrysan- 

 and on many of the themum. Grown outdoors, with no 

 colored fls. they are special care. 



