778 



CISTUS 



CITRANGE 



11. populifdlius, Linn. (C. cordifdlius, Mill. C. 

 Cupanidnus, Presl). Shrub to 6 ft.: Ivs. long-petioled, 

 cordate-ovate, acuminate, penninerved, rugose, gla- 

 brous, 2-33-2' in. long: fls. 2-5, white, 2 in. across. 

 S. W. Eu. S.C. 23, 70. 



C. algarvensis, Sims=Helianthemum ocymoides. C. candidls- 

 simus. Dun.; S.C. 3=C. symphytifolius, var. C. canescens, Sweet 

 (C. villosus var. canescens, Nichols. C. albidusxC. villosus). Lvs. 

 short-petioled, narrow-oblong or lanceolate, 3-nerved, obtuse, 

 undulate: fls. dark purple. Of garden origin. S.C. 45. C. Clusii, 

 Dun.=C. rosmarinifolius. C. corbariensis, Pourr. (C. populifolius 

 XC. salvifolius). To 5 ft.: Ivs. slightly cordate, glutinous: fls. 1- 

 5, white, 1 YI in. S.C. 8. C. florentinus, Lam. (C. monspeliensis X 

 C. salvifolius). Dwarf: Ivs. lanceolate: fls. white, 2 in. S.C. 59. 

 G. 11:183; 14:241. G.M. 32:277; 31:587. Gn. 27:570; 38, p. 177; 

 53, p. 130, 134; 75, p. 422. F.S.R. 2, p. 43. C. formdsus, Curt.= 

 Helianthemum formosum. C. glaucus, Pourr. (C. Ledon, Lam. 

 C. laurifolius X C. monspeliensis). 1-2 ft!: Ivs. lanceolate, glossy 

 above: fls. 510, white, 1 J^ in. S. France. C. hirsutus, Lam. 1-3 

 ft., clothed with spreading and glandular hairs: Ivs. sessile, lan- 

 ceolate: fls. 1-5, white. S.W. Eu. S.C. 19. C. Iatif6lius, Sweet, 

 S.C. 15=C. populifolius var. C. Idxus, Ait.=C. nigricans. C. 

 Ledon, Lam.=C. glaucus. C. longifdlius, Lam.=C. nigricans. 

 C. Loretii, Rouy & Fouc. (C. ladaniferus X C. monspeliensis). 

 Habit like C. monspeliensis: Ivs. linear-lanceolate, revolute, gray- 

 ish beneath, glutinous: fls. 1-5, white, 2 in. across. Of garden ori- 

 gin; also found spontaneous. Var. maculatus, Rouy & Fouc. Fls. 

 with 5 dark red blotches. Gn. 75, p. 633; 76, p. 439. C. monspe- 

 liensis, Linn. To 5 ft.: Ivs. sessile, lanceolate: fls. white, cymose, 

 1 in. S. Eu. S.C. 27. C. nigricans, Pourr. (C. longifolius, Lam. 

 C. laxus, Ait. C. monspeliensis X C. populifolius). 2-4 ft., glan- 

 dular: Ivs. oblong-lanceolate, glossy above: fls. white, l^in- S.W. 

 Eu. S.C. 12. Variable. C. oblongifdlius, Sweet; S.C. 67=C. 

 nigricans var. C. obtusifdlius, Sweet, S.C. 42=C. nigricans var. 

 C. rosmarinifdlius, Pourr. (C. Clusii, Dun.) Allied to C. ladanif- 

 erus. Lvs. linear, strongly revolute at the margin, viscid above 

 while young, tomentose beneath: fls. 4-6, white, 1-1 J^ in. across. 

 W. Medit. region. S.C. 32. G.M. 31:587; 32:277. C. symphyti- 

 folius, Lam. (C. vaginatus, Dry. Rhodocistus Berthelotianus, 

 Spach). To 2 ft.: Ivs. petioled, ovate, acuminate: fls. cymose, deep 

 rose-colored, yellow in center. Canary Isls. S.C. 9. B.R. 3:225. 

 F.S. 15:1501. C. vaginatus, Dry.=C. symphytifolius. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



CITHAREXYLUM (Zither-wood: used for the making 

 of certain musical instruments). Verbendceas. Shrubs 

 or trees, sparingly planted in southern California, and 

 perhaps elsewhere South for ornament. 



Spiny or unarmed, tomentose or glabrous, with 

 opposite entire serrate often spinose-dentate Ivs.: 

 fls. white or sometimes yellow, odorous, small, in spici- 

 form terminal or axillary racemes; calyx 5-toothed or 

 -lobed; corolla-tube cylindrical, the limb broad and 

 5-lobed, the lobes spreading and obovate; stamens 5, 

 included, one of them abortive, the 4 polliniferous ones 

 didynamous; ovary more or less 4-celled, each cell 

 1-seeded; style often 2-lobed: fr. a fleshy drupe, partly 

 inclosed in the calyx. About 20 species, Mex. to S. 

 Amer. 



cinereum, Linn. Tree, to 20 ft., the branches 4- 

 angled and becoming cylindrical: Ivs. elliptic-oblong 

 or lance-oblong, usually obtuse, glabrous or nearly so 

 beneath: fls. white, in long lax and nodding spike-like 

 racemes; calyx unequal!^ lobed; corolla-tube twice as 

 long as calyx: fr. nearly globular, red becoming black. 

 W. Indies. L.D. 7:493. 



quadrangulare, Jacq. Larger tree, the branches 

 permanently 4-angled: Ivs. elliptic-oblong: fls. white; 

 calyx nearly truncate. W. Indies. These two species 

 are here defined as understood by Grisebach, as it is 

 probable that the plants in cult, were determined on 

 that basis. Schulz, however (Symbolse Antillanae), refers 

 C. cinereum, Linn., to C. fruticosum, Linn.; and C. 

 quadrangulare, Jacq., to C. spinosum, Linn. C. quad- 

 rangulare of Grisebach, at least in part, he refers to C. 

 fruticosum; and C. cinereum, Jacq., to C. spinosum. 

 What are the plants catalogued cannot be determined 

 without a bringing together of material. 



ilicifdlium, HBK. Low shrub, very branchy, not 

 spiny, the branches 4-angled: Ivs. elliptic-oblong, nar- 

 rowed into a short petiole, entire or spinose-dentate, 

 thick, the margin revolute, shining above and punctate 

 beneath: fls. white, in a short terminal raceme; calyx 

 5-toothed; corolla scarcely exceeding the calyx, the 

 lobes pilose : drupe size of a pea. Ecuador. 



barbinerve, Cham. Spiny shrub, the branches 4- 

 angled: Ivs. obovate or elliptic-lanceolate, acute or 

 obtuse or retuse, narrowed into a petiole, nearly entire, 

 glabrous and shining above and paler and somewhat 

 pilose beneath, bearded at the axils of the nerves: fls. 

 white, in a terminal laxly-fld. raceme. Brazil, Uruguay. 



L. H. B. 



CITRANGE (from Citrus trifoliata and orange by 

 syncopation: Ci[trus] tr[ifoliata] [or]ange). Rutdcese. 

 A hybrid between the common orange and the hardy 

 trifoliate orange, Poncirus trifoliata (Citrus trifoliata), 



Citranges have trifoliate Ivs., but the lateral Ifts. are 

 much smaller than the terminal one: Ivs. semi-decidu- 

 ous, falling completely only during a very severe win- 

 ter: fls. borne on new wood in spring, very large, white, 

 sometimes over 2% in. diam., but with long and narrow 

 petals, which vary much in size in different citranges: 

 frs. variable, from 1-4 in. diam., globose, or depressed- 

 globose, red-orange or lemon-yellow, smooth or hairy, 

 the pulp abundant and very juicy, acid or subacid, 

 with an agreeable aromatic flavor; peel often full of a 

 disagreeably flavored essential oil. 



The citranges are very cold-resistant if in a dormant 

 condition, being able to stand temperatures as low as 

 15 or even 10 F. without injury. They are not 

 adapted to commercial culture but are of much inter- 

 est for home use in the cotton-belt of the southern 

 states where the winters are too severe to permit of the 

 culture of oranges or other citrous fruit. The flowers are 

 showy and fragrant and the handsome fruits are 

 used for making ade and for culinary purposes. The 

 first successful hybrids between these plants were made 

 by the writer at Eustis, Florida, in March, 1897, where 

 eleven were secured. These remarkable hybrids were 

 named citranges by H. J. Webber and the writer in 

 1905 (Yearbook, Department of Agriculture for 1904). 



The principal varieties now grown in the southern 

 states are: 



Rusk (Fig. 970). This is the most precocious of 

 the citranges and has the smallest fls. and smallest 

 (1^2-2 in. diam.) and reddest frs. Young grafted trees 

 often bear in 3 years. The foliage is dense and dark 

 green. The frs. are thin-skinned, aromatic, juicy, and 

 almost seedless. The peel contains a disagreeable oil 

 and care must be taken to keep this out of the juice 

 of the fr. Many thousand trees of this variety are 

 now growing in the southern states and are prolific 

 bearers. 



Colman. This is very unlike all the other citranges. 

 The frs. are large, 3-3^x2^-3^ in., flattened, light 

 yellow, and with a thick fuzzy peel, usually nearly seed- 

 less; the pulp is greenish, juice abundant, strongly acid, 

 agreeably aromatic. 

 It can be used for ade. 



Morton. The 

 largest of the cit- 

 ranges, fr. often 

 weighing more than 

 1 Ib. Fr. round, re- 

 sembling a large 

 orange, rind medium, 

 pulp sprightly acid, 

 with a peculiar taste, 

 usually seedless. Tree 

 a vigorous grower, 

 cold-resistant. 



S aunders . A 

 small-fruited variety. 

 Frs. 2-23/2' in. diam. 

 with 5-10 seeds, 

 orange -yellow, peel 

 thick with prominent 

 oil-glands. The thick 

 skin of this hybrid 

 makes it keep well. 970. Rusk citrange. ( X H) 



