CITRANGE 



The juice is sharply acid This is probably the most 

 cold-resistant of the citranges tested as yet. 



Etonia. This hybrid is remarkable for its profuse 

 bloom. The large white fragrant fls. make this a good 

 ornamental in the cotton-belt; frs. small, very few. 



Cunningham. This resembles the Colman in hav- 

 ing fuzzy frs. which are, however, small and nearly 

 spherical. The juice is sharply acid, aromatic, and 

 makes very good ade. 



Savage. Fr. similar to an orange in appearance, 

 2-3 x 2%~3% m -> light yellow, rind medium thick, 

 bitter, pulp tender, translucent, juice with a sprightly 

 acid flavor, aroma pleasant. Tree very vigorous and 

 prolific. Foliage dense. WALTER T. SWINGLE. 



CITRON (Citrus Medica, Linn.). Rutacese. Fig. 971. 

 A large lemon-like fruit with a very thick peel and a 

 small amount of very acid pulp; the peel is candied and 

 used in confectionery and for culinary purposes. 



The citron is grown in the Mediterranean regions, 

 especially in Corsica, 

 and large quantities 

 are preserved in brine 

 and shipped to the 

 United States to be 

 candied. The Corsi- 

 can citron of com- 

 merce was introduced 

 into this country in 

 1894 by David Fair- 

 child for the Division 

 of Pomology of the 

 United States De- 

 partment of Agricul- 

 ture, and it has been 

 grown to some extent 

 in California. 



The plant usually 

 is propagated by cut- 

 tings but it can be 

 grafted on rough 

 lemon or other stock. 

 In the region of Va- 

 lencia, in eastern 

 Spain, the citron is 

 used in propagating 

 oranges, since citron 

 cuttings strike root 

 more easily than 

 oranges. A piece of 

 citron twig is grafted 

 into branches of 

 orange which are 

 afterwards set as cut- 

 tings whereupon the 

 citron strikes root and 

 later on the orange. 



Then the roots are exposed and the citron roots cut away, 

 leaving the orange growing on its own roots. 



The citron can be planted and cultivated much as 

 the lemon in cool equable climates, such as in the 

 coastal region of southern California. In Corsica, the 

 trees are kept low and trained in vase form, but other- 

 wise treated like lemons. 



There are but few citron orchards in the United 

 States; one at West Riverside, California, about 10 acres 

 in extent, is perhaps the largest. 



The Etrog or sacred Jewish citron, used by the Jews 

 at the Feast of Tabernacles, has small greenish yellow 

 fruits which, if they are of exactly the prescribed size, 

 form and color, may bring as much as $5 or $10 each. 

 This variety is grown principally in the island of Corfu. 

 See Citrus and Etrog. 



The word citron is also applied to the preserving 

 watermelon: see Citndlus and Melon, Water. 



WALTER T. SWINGLE. 

 50 



CITROPSIS 



779 



CITROPSIS (Limonia Citropsis, Engler). Rutacese. 

 AFRICAN CHERRY ORANGE. Very interesting and as yet 

 little-known citrous trees, of interest for use in hybri- 

 dizing and for stocks, also promising as ornamentals. 



Small spiny trees: Ivs. compound, 3-12 in. length; 

 Ifts. 3, 5 or even 7, coriaceous; petioles and rachis 

 usually very broadly winged; fruiting twigs sometimes 

 with unifoliate Ivs.: spines usually paired, sometimes 

 single: fls. large, white, in the axils of the Ivs., tetramer- 

 ous (rarely 5-merous), with 8 free stamens: frs. small, 

 %r\Yi in. diam., borne in tufts in the axils of the Ivs., 

 bright orange-colored, with an agreeable odor and a 

 pleasant flavor, 3-4-celled, with a single seed in each 

 cell; cells in some species filled with pulp-vesicles full of 

 pleasantly flavored juice. 



There are several species of this interesting genus 

 in the tropical forests throughout central Africa. 

 These plants, because of their sweet high-flavored fruits 

 borne in tufts like cherries and their unusually large 

 compound leaves, should prove very interesting for use 



in hybridizing. Tests 

 made in the green- 

 houses of the Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture, 

 at Washington, have 

 shown that at least 

 two species of Ci- 

 tropsis can be budded 

 readily and grow very 

 well on the common 

 citrous stocks. This 

 genus is undoubtedly 

 closely related to 

 Citrus. See descr. in 

 Journ. Ag. Research, 

 1:419^36, w. figs. 



Preftssii, Swingle & 

 M. Kellerman (Limo- 

 nia Preussii, Engler. 

 L. Demeiisei, De 

 Wild?). Lvs. 3-5- 

 foliate, with very 

 broadly winged pet- 

 ioles and rachis; 

 Ifts. large, broadly 

 oval: fls. large, axil- 

 lary; style long, slen- 

 der, broad at the 

 base: frs. small, 

 apiculate. Kamerun. 

 W.Congo. 111. Engler 

 & Prantl, Nat. 

 Pflanzf. III. 4:189, 

 fig. 109, E. H. De 

 Wildeman, Etudes Fl. 

 Congo, pi. 41. 



Schweinfurthii, Swingle & M. Kellerman (Limdnia 

 Schweinfurthii, Engler. Limdnia ugandensis, Baker). 

 Fig. 972. A species named from sterile leafy twigs 

 collected by Schweinfurth at Uando at the head- 

 waters of the Ghazal branch of the Nile. Lvs. 3-5- 

 foliate; Ifts. narrowly lanceolate, acute at both ends: 

 fls. large, usually 4-merous; style rather short and 

 thick: frs. lime-like, 1% m - diam., sweet. Sudan, 

 Uganda, Congo. 



gabonensis, Swingle & M. Kellerman (Limdnia 

 gabonensis, Engler). Lvs. of medium size, sometimes 

 unifoliate like orange Ivs., sometimes 5-7-foliate; rachis 

 narrowly winged; Ifts. caudate: fls. small, borne on 

 long pedicels, 4-merous; style not broad at base: frs. 

 globose, small, about 1 in. diam., almost dry, having 

 only rudimentary pulp- vesicles; seeds large. French 

 Congo, Kamerun. 



WALTER T. SWINGLE. 



MAUDE KELLERMAN. 



971. Citron- 

 Citrus Medica, 

 Corsican variety. ( X H) 



