CLEMATOCLETHRA 



CLERODENDRON 



799 



fls. solitary or in 2- or 3-fld. cymes on slender stalks, 

 white, M~/^in. across: fr. globose, black. W. China. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



CLEOME (meaning uncertain). Capparidacese. Odd 

 spider-flowered plants sometimes grown in the flower- 

 garden. 



Sub-shrubs or annual herbs, simple or branched, 

 glabrous or glandular, with simple Ivs. or 3-7 Ifts., and 

 white, green, yellow or purplish 

 fls. borne singly or in racemes; 

 petals entire, with claws. 

 Seventy tropical species, in 

 both hemispheres. The genus 

 is distinguished from Gynan- 

 dropsis by its short torus, 

 which often bears an appen- 

 dage, and by the 4-6, rarely 10, 

 stamens. 



The garden cleomes are 

 chiefly interesting for their 

 long purple spidery stamens 

 and showy rose-colored petals. 

 They succeed in sandy soils 

 and sunny situations, and can 

 be used like castor-oil plants 

 to fill up large gaps in a 

 border. C. spinosa is the best, 

 and has lately been planted 

 considerably in public parks 

 amongst shrubbery. Propa- 

 gated by seeds, which are 

 produced freely in long slender pods borne on long 

 stalks. 



A. Lfts. more than 8. 



spindsa, Jacq. (C. pungens, Willd. C. gigantea, Hort., 

 not Linn.). GIANT SPIDER PLANT. Figs. 993, 994. 

 Clammy, strong-scented, 3-4 ft. high: Ifts. usually 5, 

 sometimes 7, oblong-lanceolate, with a pair of short 

 stipular spines under the petioles of most of the Ivs., 

 and in the tropics some little prickles on the petioles 

 also: fls. rose-purple, varying to white; petals 4, obo- 

 vate, clawed, ^in. long; stamens 2-3 in. long, blue or 

 purple. N. C. to La. (naturalized from Trop. Amer.) 

 and escaped from gardens. B.M. 1640. G.C. III. 45: 

 115. A tender biennial north, but annual in the 

 tropics. The plant recently intro. as C. gigantea is 

 not the true species, which is a green-fld. S. Amer- 

 ican plant as yet apparently unknown in the trade in 

 this country. C. spinosa differs widely in the extent 

 and character of its spines. The fls. vary in the 

 development of the style; Fig. 994 shows a fully per- 

 fected style. 



speciosissima, Deppe. Annual or half -shrubby, 

 sometimes 5 ft. high: sts. strongly hairy without spines; 

 Ifts. 5-7, lanceolate, dentate, narrowed at the base, con- 

 spicuously hairy on both sides : fls. light purple or pur- 

 plish rose. July to fall. Mex. B.R. 1312. Said to be 

 the showiest of cleomes. Under this name a very dif- 

 erent plant is passing, 

 the Ifts. of which have 

 only minute hairs but 

 rather numerous spines. 



AA. Lfts. 3. 



serrulata, Pursh (C. 

 integrifblia, Torr. & 

 Gray). ROCKY MOUN- 

 TAIN BEE-PLANT. Gla- 

 brous, 2-3 or even 6 ft. 

 high: Ifts. 3, lanceolate 

 to obovate-oblong, en- 

 tire, or rarely with a 

 few minute teeth : bracts 

 much narrower than in 

 C. spinosa: petals rose, 995. Clerodendron 



rarely white, 3-toothed; receptacle with a flat, con- 

 spicuous appendage. Along streams in saline soils of 

 prairies. In cult, over 30 years as a bee-plant. 



C. dendrotdea, Schult. Tree-like, 10-14 ft. : fls. blackish purple. 

 Brazil. B.M. 3296. C. gigantea, Linn. Shrubby, 3-5 ft., downy: 

 Ifts. 7, lanceolate, lance-oblong or oblanceolate, the entire If. 

 shorter than petiole: fls. greenish; petals linear, 2 in. or more long, 

 cohering by their margins and opening only on one side; sepals 

 long-linear, glandular, becoming revojute. Trop. Amer. B.M. 

 3137. C. speciosa, HBK=Gyuandropsis. -j^- rp , 



CLERODENDRON (Greek, 

 chance and tree: of no signifi- 

 cance). Includes Siphondntha 

 and Volkameria. Verbenaceae. 

 Greenhouse climbers and hardy 

 shrubs and other ornamental 

 plants, grown for the showy 

 white, violet or red flowers. 



Shrubs or trees, often scan- 

 dent: Ivs. opposite or verticil- 

 late, mostly entire or 

 not compound: fls. in 

 mostly terminal 

 cymes or panicles; 

 calyx campanulate or 

 rarely tubular, shal- 

 lowly 5-toothed or 5- 

 1 o b e d ; coroll a-tube 

 usually slender and 

 cylindrical, the limb 

 5-parted and spread- 

 ~ ing, the lobes some- 



what unequal; sta- 

 mens 4, affixed on the corolla-tube, long-exserted and 

 curved; style exserted, 2-cleft at the end; ovary 

 4-loculed : fr. a drupe inclosed in the calyx. About 100 

 species, in the tropics, mostly of the eastern hemisphere. 

 Clerodendrons are divided into two garden sections, 

 those with a shrubby habit, and the twining kinds. 

 The culture is about the same for both kinds. They 

 may be grown from seeds or from cuttings of the half- 

 ripened wood. In either case, use 2-inch pots filled with 

 a mixture of equal parts of leaf-mold or peat and good 

 sharp sand. Place a cutting or a seed in each pot, and 

 press moderately firm. Leave the pots in a tight case 

 with a temperature of 70, and keep the soil at all times 

 fairly moist. When the pots are filled with roots, shift 

 into a 4-inch pot, using a compost consisting of fibrous 

 loam two parts, leaf-mold and sand one part each, 

 and a fifth part of well-rotted manure. Pot rather firm, 

 as this insures a stronger growth, and during the grow- 

 ing season keep in a night temperature of 65. Clero- 

 dendrons may be flowered in any size pot desired, and 

 some of the species, notably C. Balfourii (or properly 

 C. Thomsons), can be had in flower from Easter until 

 late September. This species is probably the best and 

 most useful, either for decorative work or exhibition 

 purposes; when it is grown in large pots, a good rough 

 material may be used for potting. A good stiff fibrous loam 



with about one-third 

 part of decayed manure 

 is best. When the sea- 

 son's growth is com- 

 pleted, gradually with- 

 hold water for two 

 months and lower the 

 night temperature from 

 65 to 55. Many of the 

 leaves under the above 

 treatment will drop and 

 the wood will become 

 firm. If plants are 

 wanted 

 in flower 

 about 

 Thomson. (x l A) "S Easter, 



