912 



CULINARY HERBS 



CUNNINGHAMIA 



Rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis). Labiatx. Perennial. Uses: 

 Herbage as seasoning; oil for perfuming soaps and in perfumery. 

 Propagated by cuttings, root division, layers in early spring, 

 and seeds. 



Rue (Ruta graveolens). Rutacex. Perennial. Uses: Leaves as sea- 

 soning and flavor in beverages; oil for aromatic vinegar and 

 toilet preparations. Propagated by seeds, cuttings, layers or 

 division of tufts. 



Sage (Salvia officinalis). Labiatse. Perennial. Uses: Leaves for 

 seasoning dressings, sausages, cheese, etc.; oil in perfumery. 

 Propagated by division, layers and cuttings, also seeds. 



Samphire (Crithmum mqritimum). Umbettiferx. Perennial. Uses: 

 Leaves pickled in vinegar, sometimes with other vegetables. 

 Propagated by seeds in autumn. 



Savory, Summer (Satureia hortensis). Labiatse. Annual. Uses: 

 Seasoning. Propagated by seeds in spring. 



Savory, Winter (Satureia montana). Labiatx. Perennial. Uses: 

 Seasoning. Propagated by seeds, cuttings, layers and division. 



Southernwood (Artemisia Abrotanum). Composite. Perennial. 

 Uses: Young shoots for flavoring cakes, etc. Propagated by 

 seed; also cuttings in early summer. 



Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare). Composites. Perennial. Uses: Season- 

 ing. Propagated by division of clumps, or seeds. 



Tarragon (Artemisia Dracunculus). Composite. Perennial. Uses: 

 Herbage in salads and with meats; seasoning; as a decoction 

 in vinegar; oil to perfume soaps, etc. Propagated by cuttings, 

 layers and division. 



Thyme (Thymus vulgaris). Labiatx. Perennial. Uses: Herbage as 

 seasoning; oil as perfumery; oil-crystals as disinfectant. Propa- 

 gated by seeds in spring; also cuttings, layers and divisions. 



L. H. B. 



CUMIN, or CUMMIN: The seeds of Cuminum odorum (or less 

 properly C. Cyminum); black cumin, Nigella sativa; sweet cuimn. 

 or anise, Pimpinella Anisum. See Culinary Herbs. 



Flowers small, white or purplish, 2-lipped, borne 

 in corymbed cymes or clusters. The genus contains 

 not more than 16 species, 2 N. American, 2 Mexican, 

 and the others S. American. They are somewhat 

 woody, and usually have small Ivs.: the whorls of 

 fls. are sometimes loosely corymbose, sometimes axil- 

 lary, few-fld., much shorter than the Ivs., sometimes 

 many-fld., in dense spikes or terminal heads; calyx 

 10-13-nerved, 5-toothed; perfect stamens 2. 



mariana, Linn. (C. origanmdes, Brit.). MARYLAND 

 DITTANY. STONE- MINT. Height 1 ft.: Ivs. smooth, 

 ovate, serrate, rounded or heart-shaped at the base, 

 nearly sessile, dotted, 1 in. long: fls. purple-pink in a 

 loose cymose cluster which is terminal. Dry hills, S. 

 N. Y. to Ohio., south to Fla. J.H. III. 35:321. Mn. 

 7:201. See also Dittany. 



CUNNINGHAMIA (after J. Cunningham, botanical 

 collector, who discovered this conifer in China in 

 1702). Pinacex. Evergreen trees cultivated for their 

 handsome foliage. 



Trunk stout: branches verticillate, spreading, pendu- 

 lous at the extremities: Ivs. linear-lanceolate, rigid, 

 densely spirally arranged and 2-rowed in direction: 

 fls. monoecious; staminate oblong, pistillate globose, 

 both sexes in small clusters at the end of the branches: 

 cones roundish-ovate, 1-2 in. long, with roundish-ovate, 



1142. Cucurbita fcetidissima. 



CUMMINGIA (for Lady Gordon Gumming) of 

 gardeners (name bestowed by D. Don in 1828), some- 

 times spelled Cumingia (Kunth, 1843), is now referred 

 to Conanthera. Amaryllidacese. The conantheras are 

 of about four species in Chile, one of which is rarely 

 hi cult, as a tender summer-blooming bulb. They are 

 said to be difficult to keep long in cult. They are 

 cormous plants, with basal linear or linear-lanceolate 

 Ivs., erect sts. paniculate-branching above, fls. blue on 

 bractless pedicels: perianth funnelform, the tube short; 

 lobes longer than tube, oblong, nearly equal, spreading 

 or becoming reflexed; stamens 6, attached in the throat, 

 shorter than the perianth-lobes, all perfect, the fila- 

 ments very short; ovary 3-celled, the style subulate. 

 Conanthera campanulata, Lindl. (C. Simsii, Sweet. C. 

 bifolia, Sims, not Ruiz & Pav. Cummlngia campanu- 

 l&ta, D. Don) is 1-1 ^ ft. high, with linear Ivs. shorter 

 than the st. or peduncle and blue paniculate pretty 

 fls. B.M.2496. 



CUNILA (origin unknown). Labiatx. A low-growing 

 tufted hardy native perennial of this genus is rarely 

 cultivated in borders for its profusion of bloom. 



serrate and pointed, coriaceous scales, each with 3 

 narrow-winged seeds at the base. Two species, in S. 

 W. China and in Formosa. The species in cult, is a 

 very decorative conifer for warmer temperate regions, 

 much resembling the Araucaria brasiliensis. It prefers 

 a half-shaded position and sandy and loamy humid 

 soil. Prop, by seeds or cuttings of half-hardy wood in 

 late summer under glass; short sprouts from the old 

 wood of the trunk or larger branches are the best; 

 cuttings from lateral branches grow into weak and one- 

 sided plants. 



lanceolata, Hook. (C. sinensis, R. Br.). Tree, 

 attaining 80 ft.: Ivs. linear-lanceolate, with broad, 

 decurrent base, sharply pointed, finely serrulate, light 

 green and shining above and with 2 broad, whitish 

 bands beneath, l l Ar2, l A in. long: cones 1-2 in. high. 

 China, cult, in Japan. B.M. 2743. S.Z. 104, 105. R.H. 

 1903, pp. 549-551. G.W. 13, p. 330; 14, p. 13. J.H. 

 III. 49:447. F. 1854, p. 169. The second species, C. 

 Konishii, Hayata, from Formosa, is not in cult. ; it has 

 narrower and much smaller Ivs., glaucescent on both- 

 sides, and smaller cones; it is very different and forms 

 a transition to Taiwania. ALFRED REHDER. 



