DAPHNE 



DARLINGTONIA 



usually oval Ivs., while D. sinensis has fls. about J/in. 

 long, slightly silky outside, the bracts longer than the 

 fls., and usually oblong-elliptic Ivs.; but it is doubtful 

 whether these characters are constant. D. odorata, 

 Hort., is a common misprint in catalogues for D. odora. 

 D. odorata, Lam.= D. Cneorum. 



FF. Heads of fls. axillary and terminal, few-fld.; bracts 

 caducous; perianth glabrous. 



11. japonica, Sieb. & Zucc. (D. Mazelii, Carr.). 

 Shrub, to 4 ft.: branches glabrous: Ivs. oblong-deltoid, 

 gradually narrowed at the base, nearly sessile, 2-4 in. 

 long: heads axillary and terminal, short-peduncled, 

 3-4-fld.; fls. pink, short-pedicelled, M m - long; lobes 

 ovate, obtuse, as long as tube; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 

 ciliate, slightly shorter than fls.; peduncles and pedicels 

 silky. Spring. Japan, China. Gn. 14:442. 



EE. Apex of Ivs. usually emarginate. 



12. retftsa, Hemsl. Shrub, 2-3 ft. : branchlets pubes- 

 cent at first, soon glabrous: Ivs. oblong or oblanceolate- 

 oblong, obtuse and usually emarginate, narrowed at 

 the base into a short petiole, glabrous, 1-3 in. long, 

 J^-%in. wide: fls. white, tinged outside rose or violet, 



glabrous, fragrant, %in. long, in many-fld. terminal 

 eads; lobes slightly shorter than tube; bracts 3^4, 

 oval or obovate, ciliate, deciduous, shorter than fls.: 

 fr. red. May. W. China. B.M. 8430. Recently intro. 

 and apparently fairly hardy; a very desirable plant. 



BB. Fls. axillary, yellowish or greenish white, glabrous 

 outside. 



13. Laureola, Liur. Shrub, to 4 ft. : Ivs. cuneate, obo- 

 vate-lanceolate, acute, shining and dark green above, 

 glabrous, 2-3}^ in- long: fls. in 5-10-fld., nearly sessile 

 racemes, yellowish green, scentless: fr. black. March- 

 May. S. Eu., W. Asia. Gn. 29, p. 602 (poor). Var. 

 Philippii, Arb. Kew (D. Philippii, Gren. & Godr.). 

 Lower: Ivs. obovate: fls. often violet outside; bracts 

 as long or longer than the fls. Pyrenees. Var. purpurea 

 of the Kew Arboretum =D. Houtteana. 



14. pontica, Linn. Shrub, to 5 ft. : Ivs. cuneate, obo- 

 yate or obovate-lanceolate, acute, shining, glabrous, 2-3 

 in. long: fls. in long-peduncled, 1-3-fld. clusters, green- 

 ish yellow, fragrant, with linear-lanceolate lobes. April, 

 May. S. E. Eu., W. Asia. B.M. 1282. G.C. II. 

 14:209. G.W. 5, p. 261. 



D. alpina, Linn. Erect shrub, to 2 ft.: Ivs. deciduous, cu- 

 neate-lanceolate, sparingly silky: fls. white or blushed, terminal, 

 fragrant. May, June. S. Eu. L.B.C. 1:66. Gn. 29, p. 603. 

 D. altdica, Pall. Shrub, to 4 ft.: Ivs. deciduous, cuneate, oblong- 

 lanceolate, glabrous: fls. white, in terminal, 1-5-fld. heads, fragrant. 

 May, June. Altai, Songaria, Mongolia. B.M. 1875. L.B.C. 4:399. 

 D.arbuscula, Celak. Evergreen dwarf shrub: branchlets red: Ivs. 

 crowded at end of branchlets, linear-oblanceolate, obtuse, pubescent 

 or glabrous beneath, %in. long: fls. pink, in 3-8-fld. heads. June. 

 Hungary. D. caucdsica, Pall. Allied to D. altaica. Lvs. narrower: fls. 

 in 3-20-fld. heads. Caucasus. B.M. 7388. D. glomerata, Lam. Allied 

 to D. pontica. Low: fls. light pink, fragrant, the clusters crowded 

 at the ends of the branches. May. W. Asia. D. Gnidium, Linn. 

 Evergreen shrub, to 2 ft.: Ivs. linear-lanceolate, acute, glabrous: fls. 

 yellowish white, fragrant, in terminal racemes or panicles. S. Eu. 

 L.B.C. 2:150. Gn. 29, p. 603. D. jezoensis, Maxim. Upright 

 shrub, 2 ft.: Ivs. oblong-obovate, persistent, obtuse, 1 J^-3 in. long: 

 fls. axillary, yellow. March, Apr. Gt. 15:496. D. kamtschdtica, 

 Maxim. Low upright shrub, sparsely branched: Ivs. oblong- 

 lanceolate, acutish: fls. fascicled, yellowish. Kamchatka, Manchuria. 

 D. papyrifera, Sieb.=Edgeworthia papyrifera. D. petrsea, 

 Leyb. Dwarf evergreen shrub : Ivs. linear-lanceolate, small, obtuse: 

 fls. light pink, in terminal, 3-6-fld. heads, fragrant. June, July. 

 S. Tyrol. Gn. 69, p. 327. D. . pseudo-mezereum. Gray. Low, 

 almost decumbent shrub: Ivs. lanceolate-oblong, acutish: fls. 

 fascicled, axillary, greenish yellow, scentless. March, Apr. Japan. 

 D. ruptetris, Facch.=D. petrsea. D. salicifdlia, Lam.=D. 

 caucasica. D.^Sdphia, Kalen. Allied to D. caucasica: Ivs. obovate- 

 oblong, glaucous below: heads few-fld. S. Russia. D. stridta, 

 Tratt. Dwarf evergreen shrub: Ivs. small, cuneate, linear-lanceo- 

 late, glabrous: fls. in terminal, many-fld. heads, pink. June, July. 

 Switzerland and Carpathian Mts. D. V&hlii, Keissler. Allied to 

 D. collina. Branchlets thick, puberulous: Ivs. obovate or oblong- 

 obovate, appressed -pubescent below: heads 8-10-fld.: bracts 

 obovate, silky, deciduous. Crete, Asia Minor. D. yezoensis, Hort 



ALFRED REHDER. 

 DAPHNfDITTM: Benzoin. 



DAPHNIPHfLLUM (Greek, laurel leaf, from the 

 similarity of the leaves). Euphorbiacex. Broad-leaved 

 evergreen hardy or semi-tropical shrubs or small trees, 

 sometimes cultivated for their handsome large foliage. 



Leaves large, without stipules, leathery, smooth, more 

 or less glaucous, alternate, entire, petioled, pinnately 

 veined: fls. dioacious, in axillary racemes or panicles, 

 apetalous; calyx 3-8-parted, small, imbricate; sta- 

 mens 5-18; pistil 2-celled, 4-ovuled: fr. a small, olive- 

 like drupe, usually 1-seeded. Twelve to 20 species, 

 mostly in Trop. Asia, etc. The one, or possibly two, 

 species, rarely seen in cult, in Amer., are from Japan. 

 The large evergreen Ivs. distinguish it from other 

 hardy euphorbiacous shrubs. They are somewhat 

 rhododendron- or laurel-like, hardy as far north as the 

 Middle Atlantic States, and make very handsome 

 broad-spreading shrubs with inconspicuous fls. 



Daphniphyllum can be propagated by cuttings, but 

 roots rather slowly, and if seed could be secured it 

 would no doubt give better results. The plants need 

 protection from frost in winter till well established. 

 They are strong growers in rich soil. 



macropodum, Miq. (D. glaucescens, Hort.). A shrub 

 or small tree, broad and compact, 5-10 ft. high, or more 

 in native land, smooth, twigs red: Ivs. oblong, 2x8 in., 

 bluish glaucous below; petiole 1-2 in. long, red; lateral 

 veins, %-%in. apart: fls. small, in short racemes: fr. 

 oblong, not over J^in., black. Japan and China. 

 G. 18: 478; 31: 16. S.I.F. 1:54. 



Two other names, D. glaucescens, Blume, and D. jezoense, Hort., 

 occur occasionally in horticultural literature. The first has scarcely 

 glaucous Ivs. with lateral veins ^i-^iin. apart and is probably not 

 in cult.; the latter is a more dwarf form than the others. 



DARBYA: Nestronia. 



J. B. S. NORTON. 



DARLINGTONIA (after William Darlington, of 

 West Chester, Pa., author of "Memorials of John 

 Bartram and Humphrey Marshall," and of "Florula 

 Cestrica.") Sarraceniacese. A monotypic genus of 

 American pitcher-plants which, apart from their strik- 

 ing aspect and beautiful coloring, have acquired 

 celebrity from their insectivorous habits. 



The short rhizomes grow in fine muddy soil, and pro- 

 duce annually a terminal rosette of Ivs., all of which are 

 modified into upright pitchers: each pitchered If. is 

 3-30 in. long by %-3 in. wide, is somewhat spirally 

 twisted, hollow throughout and with a median crest 

 or flap in front; the tube represents the hollowed lf.- 

 midrib, the flap is formed by the fused halves of the If. 

 that have united by their upper faces in front of the 

 midrib; the top part of the tube curves over in rounded 

 fashion to form a down-directed pitcher orifice, from 

 which depends a bilobed unusually crimson and green 

 appendage of attractive aspect; the rounded top is also 

 beautifully mottled by white translucent areas; the 

 pitcher exterior and the appendage bear many honey- 

 glands, the excretion from which tempts insects toward 

 the orifice. The rounded hood is lighted within through 

 the white areas, and bears many attractive honey- 

 glands interspersed with down-directed hairs. Tempted 

 by the former, and impelled by the latter, insects step 

 or drop on to the "upper interior of the tube. This is 

 extremely smooth, affords no foothold, and so they 

 soon tumble into the lower part. This is covered by 

 down-directed hairs which prevent egress of the caught 

 prey. Disintegration of the insects, amid a neutral 

 liquid that is excreted by the pitcher'wall, then takes 

 place and the products are gradually absorbed through 

 thin areas of the lower cavity. Honey-secretion and 

 insect-catching proceed most actively in May and June; 

 by midsummer, therefore, each pitcher is filled to a 

 depth of 4-8 in. by a decaying mass of insect-remains, 

 amid which at times centipedes or a slug may be found. 

 The genus is native from N. Cen. Calif, to S. Ore. 

 It occurs there on the Sierras by the edge of mountain 

 swamps or "deer-licks" at an elevation of 2,000-8,000 



