DELPHINIUM 



veins, lower ones white-bearded ; sepals nearly equaling 

 the spur: follicles 3-4, very long, becoming glabrous, 

 strongly diverging; seeds smooth. May. Northern 

 states. L.B.C. 4:306. Very beautiful and much used. 

 Best for rockwork. The foliage dies down in midsum- 

 mer and the plant appears as if dead. 



12. Menziesii, DC. Plant sparingly pubescent: st. 

 simple, slender, K-l^ ft. high, few-lvd.: Ivs. small, 

 3-5-parted, the divisions mainly cleft into linear or lan- 

 ceolate lobes; petioles hardly dilating at the base: fls. in 

 simple, conical racemes; sepals blue, somewhat pubes- 

 cent outside, nearly equaling the spurs in length; 

 upper petals yellowish: follicles 3, pubescent, or some- 

 times glabrous; seeds black, winged on the outer angles. 

 Apr.-June. On hills, Calif, and northward to Alaska. 

 B.R. 1192. 



13. paucifldrum, Nutt. Roots oblong or fusiform, 

 fasciculate-tuberous: sts. slender, nearly glabrous, }$-l 

 ft. high: Ivs. small, parted into narrow, linear lobes; 

 petioles not dilating at base: fls. and fr. similar to those 

 of D. Menziesii, but on shorter pedicels. May, June. 

 Colo, to Wash, and Calif. Intro. 1892. 



DELPHINIUM 



977 



cc. Height usually more than 

 D. Seeds wrinkled or smooth, not winged nor scaly. 

 E. Follicles always 3. 



14. altissimum, Wall. Plant shaggy-hairy above: 

 st. tall and slender, branched: Ivs. palmately 5-parted, 

 the divisions 3-lobed and toothed: bracts long-lanceo- 

 late: fls. blue or purple, in long, branching racemes; spur 

 straight or slightly incurved, equaling the sepals; petals 

 2-lobed: follicles 3, erect; seeds not winged or scaly. 

 Aug., Sept. Himalayas. 



15. exalta turn, Ait. St. stout, 2-4 ft. high, smoothish: 

 Ivs. flat, nearly glabrous, deeply cleft into 3-7 wedge- 

 shaped lobes, which are often trifid; petioles usually not 

 dilated at the base: fls. blue, with yellow on the upper 

 petals, medium in size, on long, crowded, erect, pyrami- 

 dal racemes; sepals nearly equaling the spur in length: 

 follicles 3, pubescent or smooth; seed-coats irregu- 

 larly wrinkled. June-Aug. Borders of woods, Ala. to 

 Minn. 



16. eiatum, Linn. (D. alplnum, Waldst. & Kit. D. 

 pyramidale, Royle). BEE LARKSPUR. Glabrous, 2-6 

 ft. high: Ivs. somewhat pubescent, 5-7-parted, part 

 rather narrow, cut-lobed; upper Ivs. 3-5-parted, 

 petioles not dilated at the base: raceme much like D. 

 exaltatum or more spike-like; fls. blue, with dark violet 

 petals; sepals ovate, glabrous, nearly equaling the 

 spurs: follicles 3; seeds transversely wrinkled, not 

 scaly. June-Aug. B.R. 1963 (as D. intermedium). F.S. 

 12:1287. (var. fl.-pl.). R.H. 1859, p. 529; 1893, p. 258. 

 A polymorphous and complex species of Eu. It 

 is probable that all or nearly all the plants sold 

 here under this name should be called D. exaltatum, 

 which is a closely allied species. 



17. grandifldrum, Linn. (D. sinense, Fisch.). Figs. 

 1232, 1233. St. rather slender, 2-3 ft. high: Ivs. rather 

 small, many times parted into nearly distinct, narrow, 

 linear lobes: fls. large, blue, varying to white, the spur 

 and lower petals often violet, upper petals often yellow; 

 spurs long and taper pointed: follicles 3, pubescent; 

 seeds triangular, coats wrinkled, not scaly. Blooms hi 

 midsummer. Siberia. Intro. 1880. B.M.1686. Gn.46: 

 484. Var. album, Hort. Fls. pure white. Var. Hlbo- 

 pleno, Hort. Fls. double and pure white. Var. 

 fldre-pleno, Hort. (var. hybridum fl.-pl., Hort.). Fls. 

 double, blue, very pretty. R.H. 1893, p. 259; 1895, 

 p. 379 (same). This group includes the most com- 

 mon and the most beautiful of the perennial delphin- 

 iums. Grandiflorum is also one of the most stately. 

 Its striking foliage remains beautiful throughout the 

 growing season. It is usually planted well back in the 

 hardy border because of its height, smaller plants 



being in front. They may be massed as close as 2 ft. or 

 less but produce a fine effect when 4 ft. apart. 



Var. chinense, Fisch. St. very slender, not much 

 branched: Ivs. and fls. like the type, but fls. more 

 numerous. China. L.B.C. 1:71. A favorite garden 

 form. The double blue form has been known as D. 

 Breckii, Hort. 



EE. Follicles varying from 3-5. 



18. carolinianum, Walt. (D. azureum, Michx. D. 

 mrescens, Nutt.). Plant somewhat pubescent: st. 1J4- 

 2Mj ft. high, not much branched: Ivs. 3-5-parted, the 

 divisions 3-5-cleft into usually linear lobes: racemes spi- 

 cate, usually many-fld.; fls. azure-blue, but varying to 

 whitish or white; sepals often with a brownish spot: 

 follicles 3-5, oblong, erect; seeds transversely wrinkled. 

 July. N. C. to 111., west and south. P.M. 16:258. Var. 

 album, Hort. (var. dlbidum, Hort.). Sts. 2-3 ft. high: 

 Ivs. larger than the type and with border divisions: 

 fls. creamy white. The double form of this is not much 

 used. 



Var. vimineum, Gray. St. 2-4 ft. high, sometimes 

 branched, broader-lvd., looser-fld.: fls. violet or white. 

 Texas. B.M. 3593. B.R. 1999 (as D. azureum). 



19. mesolefccum, Link. St. 3 ft. high, pubescent 

 above: Ivs. 3-5-parted, the segms. wedge-shaped and 

 deeply serrated; petioles somewhat dilated at the base: 

 fls. blue, with pale yellow or whitish petals: seeds not 

 seen. June. Nativity not known. 



DD. Seeds winged. 

 E. Upper petals never yellow. 



20. trolliifdlium, Gray. St. 2-5 ft., leafy, often re- 

 clining: Ivs. thinnish, large, often reniform at base, 

 3-7-parted; lobes wedge-shaped, incised: racemes in 

 larger plants 1-2 ft. long and very loose; fls. blue, with 

 upper petals white; spur and sepals each %in. long: 

 follicles glabrous; seeds with thin wing or crown at the 

 end. April. Moist grounds, Columbia River. Intro. 

 1881. 



EE. Upper petals often yellow. 



21. simplex, Douglas. St. nearly simple, 2-3 ft. high, 

 soft-pubescent throughout: Ivs. many-parted, into 

 linear divisions and lobes: racemes dense, little 

 branched; fls. pale blue, with upper petals yellow, lower 

 petals white-bearded; sepals equaling the spur: fol- 

 licles 3, pubescent; seeds dark, with margins white- 

 winged. June. Mts. of Idaho and Ore. Intro. 1881. 



22. Nuttallii, Gray (D. columbidnum, Greene). St. 

 erect, simple, nearly glabrous, leafy, l%-2% ft.: Ivs. 

 thinnish, 3-5-parted, parts divided into many linear- 

 oblong lobes: racemes long, many-fld.; sepals deep 

 blue, ovate, sparingly pubescent, shorter than the spur; 

 petals blue or upper ones yellow, lower ones white- 

 bearded: follicles 3, pubescent, rather erect; seeds thin, 

 dark, with yellow wings. Summer. Low, open woods, 

 Columbia River. Intro. 1892. 



23. scopuldrum, Gray. St. 2-5 ft., glabrous, at least 

 below: Ivs. 5-7-parted, the upper ones the more nar- 

 rowly cleft; petioles dilating at the base: racemes 

 simple, densely many-fld.; fls. blue or purple, rarely 

 white, upper petals often yellow; spur ^in. long, 

 equaling the sepals: follicles 3, pubescent; seeds large- 

 winged. Aug., Sept. Moist ground, west of Rockies. 

 A polymorphous species. 



Var. subalpinum, Gray (D. occidentaUj Wats.). 

 A smaller plant, pubescent above: broader divisions of 

 Ivs., shorter racemes, larger and deeper-colored fls.: 

 follicles glabrous. Wasatch Mts. 



24. cheilanthum, Fisch. St. erect, simple or 

 branched, 2-3 ft.: Ivs. glabrous or slightly pubescent, 

 5-parted, the lobes pointed, sub-trifid, and somewhat 

 toothed : fls. dark blue, the upper petals sometimes pale 

 yellow, the lower ones inflexed, ovate, entire; spur 



