DRYOPTERIS 



DRYOPTERIS 



1079 



Tectaria. In N. Amer., known to many as Aspidium. 

 For cult, see Ferns. Not the same as Doryopteris. 



basilaris, 18. 

 Boottii, 13. 

 Clintoniana, 7. 

 crenata, 19. 

 cristata, 7. 

 dilatata, 12. 

 dissecta, 15. 

 cffusa, 14. 



INDEX. 



Filix-mas, 9. 

 Fischeri, 3. 

 Goldieana, 8. 

 hirtipes, 1. 

 intermedia, 12. 

 marginalia, 10. 

 noveboracensis, 2. 

 Otaria, 16. 



parasitica, 17. 

 patens, 6. 

 philippinensis, 18. 

 simulata, 5. 

 spinulosa, 12. 

 Thelypteris, 4. 

 viridescens, 11. 



A. Veins entirely free. 

 B. Pinnae lobed less than one-third to midrib. 



1. hirtipes, Kuntze (Nephrbdium hirtipes, Hook.). 

 Lvs. rather rigid, 2-3 ft. long, 8-16 in. broad, on stalks 

 clothed with dense black scales; pinna? with broad, 

 blunt lobes, the lower ones not reduced in size: sori 

 medial on the lobes. India. 



BB. Pinna? cleft nearly to midrib, or Ivs. bipinnate or 



tripinnatifid. 

 c. Texture thin, membranous; veins simple or once 



forked. 

 D. Lower pinnae gradually reduced to mere lobes. 



2. noveboracensis, Gray (Aspidium noveboracense, 

 Swartz). NEW YORK FERN. Lvs: somewhat clustered 

 from creeping rootstocks, pale green, 1-2 ft. long, taper- 

 ing both ways from the middle. Canada to N. C. and 

 Ark. 



3. Fischeri, Kuntze (Lastrea opaca, Mett.). Lvs. 6-8 

 in. long, 2-3 in. wide, bipinnatifid, cut into close, 

 entire lobes, the lowest much reduced; surfaces smooth. 

 Brazil. 



DD. Lower pinnae scarcely smaller than those above. 

 E. Veins forked. 



4. Thelypteris, Gray (Aspidium Thelypteris, Swartz). 

 MARSH FERN. Rootstock creeping: Ivs. scattered, clear 

 green, 1-2 ft. long; margins of the spore-bearing pinna? 

 often strongly convolute: sori 10-12 to each segm. 

 Canada to Fla. and Texas. A form with pinnae va- 

 riously forked at tip is known as Pufferse. 



EE. Veins simple. 



5. simulata, Da venp. Rootstock creeping: Ivs. yellow- 

 ish green, scattered, 8-20 in. long, 2-7 in. wide, with 

 12-20 pairs of lanceolate pinna? : sori rather large, some- 



1363. Dryopteris marginalis. (Detail X 1) 



what distant, 4-10 to each segm. Native in N. Y. and 

 New England, where it may be confused with D. Thely- 

 pteris. G.F. 9:485. 



6. patens, Kuntze. Lvs. clustered at the end of a 

 thick rootstock, 2-3 ft. long, 4-10 in. wide, soft-hairy 

 beneath; pinnae cut three-fourths to the midrib, the 

 basal segms. usually longer. Fla. to Texas and Calif, 

 and Trop. Amer. A.G. 20:25. 



cc. Texture firm or subcoriaceous; veins 2-4 



times forked. 



D. Lvs. bipinnatifid or nearly bipinnate: indusia large, 

 mostly flat. 



7. cristata, Gray (Aspidium cristatum, Swartz). Lvs. 

 1-2 ft. long, with short, triangular pinnae 2-3 in., long, 

 are much wider at base. Var. Clintoniana, Underw. 

 (probably a distinct species), is larger, with pinnae 4-6 

 in. long, and with the sori rather near the midvein. 

 Canada to Ark.; also in N. Eu. 



Hybrids are described with D. 

 marginalis and other species. 

 G.F. 9:445. 



8. Goldieana, Gray (Aspidium 

 Goldiednum, Swartz). Lvs. grow- 

 ing in large crowns, 2-4 ft. long, 

 12-18 in. wide, the pinnae broad- 

 est at the middle: indusia very 

 large. Canada to Ky. One of 

 our largest and most 

 stately native species. 



DD. Lvs. mostly bipin- 

 nate: indusia con- 

 vex, rather firm. 



9. Filix-mas, Schott 

 (Aspidium Fllix-mds, 

 Swartz). MALE FERN. 

 Lvs. growing in crowns, 

 1-3 ft. long: sori near 

 the midvein. Used as 

 a vermifuge, as is also 

 the next species. Eu., 

 Canada and Colo. 



10. marginalis, Gray 

 (Aspidium marginale, 

 Swartz). Fig. 1363. 

 Lvs. 6 in. to 2 ft. long, 

 growing in crowns, 

 mostly in rocky places: 



sori close to the margin. Canada and southward. 

 One of our commonest ferns, and gathered with D. 

 spinulosa intermedia for use with cut-fls. 



DDD. Lvs. mostly tripinnatifid; segms. spinulose-toothed: 

 indusia shriveling at maturity. 



E. Lf. -stalks naked, polished. 



11. viridescens, Kuntze. Lvs. 18-24 in. long, on 

 stalks two-thirds as long; lower pinnae largest: sori 

 near the midribs. Japan. 



EE. Lf. -stalks scaly. 



12. spinuldsa, Kuntze (Aspidium spinuldsum, 

 Swartz). Lvs. ovate-lanceolate, with a few pale, decidu- 

 ous scales at the base : indusia smooth, without marginal 

 glands. Var. intermedia, Underwood. Lvs. evergreen, 

 the scales more persistent, with brown centers, and the 

 margins of the indusia with stalked glands. One of 

 our commonest wood ferns in the northern states. 

 Extensively gathered for use with cut-fls. Probably 

 a distinct species. Var. dilatata, Underwood, has 

 similar scales to the last and tripinnate Ivs. In woods 

 at altitudes of 1,500 ft. upward, from Canada to Ore.; 

 also in Eu. Probably a distinct species. 



13. Boottii, Underwood (Aspidium Bobttii, Tuckm.). 

 Lvs. elongate-lanceolate, with broadly oblong pinnules: 

 indusia minutely glandular. Intermediate between D. 

 cristata and D. intermedia. Probably a hybrid. Canada, 

 N. Y. and New England. 



DDDD. Lvs. ample, 4~5-pinnatifid. 



14. effusa, Urban. Lvs. 3-4 ft. long, 2 ft. or more 

 wide, with polished stalks and from short, creeping 

 rootstocks: sori abundant, scattered, often without 

 indusia. Cuba to Brazil. 



