ECHEVERIA 



ECHINACEA 



1087 



broadened just above the apex, almost truncate, but 

 with a decidedly purple mucro, very pale, slightly 

 glaucous: fls. 15-20 in a small secund raceme. Cent. 

 Mex. Often confused with E. secunda, but apparently 

 specifically distinct. Page 870. 



HH. The Ivs. with reddish margins. 



20. secunda, Booth (Cotyledon secunda, Baker). 

 Fig. 1083. Stemless, glabrous: Ivs. numerous, inclined 

 to be erect, forming a dense rosette, bluish green, 

 oyate-cuneate, broad at margin and more or less red- 

 dish: fls. 12-15 in a secund raceme. Mex. Page 870. 



cc. Infl. a compound raceme. 



D. Plants acaulescent. 



E. Sepals widely spreading. 



21. rubromarginata, Rose. Stemless or sometimes 

 with a short st. : Ivs. comparatively few, stiff, ascending, 

 glabrous, glaucous, with a somewhat crenulate, red 

 margin: flowering sts. sometimes a foot high, more or 

 less paniculate. Mex. 



EE. Sepals erect and closely appressed to the corolla. 



22. subrigida, Rose (Cotyledon subrlgida, Rob. & 

 Seaton). Stemless, glaucous throughout: Ivs. in a 

 dense rosette, flat, acute, very glaucous, bluish green, 

 tinged with purple, the margins of young ones bright 

 scarlet. Mex. This is one of the most beautiful of 

 all the echeverias. It is especially suitable for growing 

 in clusters. 



DD. Plants caulescent. 



E. Shape of Ivs. acute. 



F. Lvs. tapering into a long narrow stalk. 



23. Scheerii, Lindl. (Cotyledon Scheerii, Baker). 

 Sts. sometimes 2 ft. tall, or more often branched, gla- 

 brous, and somewhat glaucous: infl. a few-branched 

 panicle ; petals red or tinged with yellow, thick, erect or 

 spreading at tip. Undoubtedly Mex., but known only 

 from cult, material. B.R. 31:27. Page 870. 



FF. Lvs. somewhat narrowed downward, but with 

 a broad base. 



24. fulgens, Lem. (Cotyledon fulgens, Baker). Sts. 

 usually 4-8 in. high, glabrous throughout: Ivs. few in 

 each rosette: infl. paniculate; corolla strongly 5-angled, 

 coral-red without, yellowish within. Mex. Page 870. 



EE. Shape of Ivs. obtuse. 



F. Lvs. rounded on the face. 



25. campanulata, Kunze. Short, caulescent, the 

 branches crowned by rosettes of large Ivs.: Ivs. spatu- 

 late, tapering into thick petioles, very glaucous, obtuse 

 at apex : petals thick, reddish without, yellowish within, 

 somewhat spreading at tip. Mex. B.R. 1247 (as E. 

 gibbiflora). It is said to be near E. gibbiflora, but it 

 certainly has very different foliage. 



FF. Lvs. concave or flat on the face. 



26. gibbiflfira, DC. Sts. often tall, 2 ft. or more high, 

 glabrous throughout : lys. 12-20 in a close rosette, obo- 

 vate-spatulate, often highly colored : infl. a lax panicle. 

 Mex. Var. metallica. A very common and popular 

 greenhouse plant. It is very similar to the type, but 

 has more highly colored Ivs. Page 870. 



E. argtntea, Lem., I.H. 10: Misc. 78, 1863= Dudleys pulveru- 

 lenta. E. Bernhardyana, Foerst., is a garden species or form 

 from an unknown source. E. bractedsa, Lindl. & Paxt.=Pachy- 

 phytum sp. E. cinkrea is listed in Johnson's Gardener's Diet., 

 p. 264, 1894, as a hybrid. E. clavifdlia, Deleuil, is a hybrid of 

 Pachyphytum bracteolosum and Courantia rosea. E. Cttve- 

 landii is a hybrid in cult, at the White House, Washington. E. 

 cycmea, Johnson Card. Diet., is a garden hybrid. E. dealbdta, 

 Johnson Card. Diet, garden hybrid. E. DesmetriAna, L. DeSmet = 

 E. Peacockii. E. erfcta, Deleuil, is said to be a hybrid of E. coccmea 

 and E. atropurpurea. E. ferrea, Deleuil, said to be a hybrid 

 of E. Scheerii and E. Calqphana. E. globdsa, Hort. ex. E. Morr. 

 in B.H. 24:161. (1874.) Caulescent or nearly so: Ivs. numerous, 

 forming a dense rosette, spatulate, pale and somewhat glaucous, 

 about 3 in. long, broadest near the top and there >i-l in. broad, 



mucronate at tip, rather flat: flowering branches weak and spread- 

 ing, bearing a few linear bracts, branched at top into 2 secund 

 racemes; sepals linear, very unequal, somewhat ascending; corolla 

 both before and after flowering strongly 5-angled, reddish below, 

 yellowish above and within; petals free nearly, if not quite, to the 

 base; stamens opposite the petals borne on the lower third of the 

 corresponding petals; the 5 alternate stamens free nearly to the 

 base: carpels free, erect. This description is drawn from a plant in 

 the Washington Botanical Garden of unknown origin. It resem- 

 bles somewhat E. secunda. E. grandifldra, E. Morr., is evidently 

 a typographical error for E. grandifolia, Haw. E. grdndis, E. 

 Morr.=E. gibbiflora (?). E. grandisepala, Deleuil, is said to be 

 hybrid of E. metallica and a Courantia. E. herbacea, Johnson 

 Gard. Diet., ia a garden hybrid. E. imbricdta, Deleuil, Cat. 1874; 

 Deleuil in E. Morr. B.H. 24 : 329. (1874.) Deleuil in A. De Smet. R..B. 

 3:147. (1677.) This ia cult, in the Washington Botanical Garden, 

 and in the White House grounds. This species seems to be a favor- 

 ite aa a border plant in Washington City parks. It is said to be a 

 cross between E. glauca and E. metallica. The infl., while secund 

 as in E. glauca, is generally, although not alwaya, 2-branched, 

 while the Iva. are larger than in the true E. glauca. E. metdttica 

 decdra, Rodgers, I.H. 30:505, ia a variegated form of C. metallica. 

 E. mirdbilis, Deleuil, is a hybrid. E. mutdbilis, Deleuil, is said 

 to be a hybrid of E. Scheerii and E. lingulaefolia. E. ovata, Deleuil, 

 is said to be a hybrid of E. Scheerii and E. metallica. E. pachy- 

 phytioides, L. De Smet, is a cross of Pachyphytum bracteosum 

 and E. metallica. E. pruindsa, Deleuil, is said to be a hybrid 

 between E. lingulaefolia and E. coccinea. E. puherultnta, Nutt. 

 =Dudleya. E. Purpusii, Schum.= Dudleya. E. rosdcea, Lind. 

 & Andr6. I.H. 20:124, said to be close to E. secunda; locality 

 not given. E. rdsea, Lindl. =Courantia. E. scaphylla, Deleuil, is 

 a hybrid of Urbinia agavoides and E. lingulsefolia. E. securifera, 

 Deleuil, is a hybrid. E. spathulata, Deleuil, is a hybrid. E. 

 spiralis, Deleuil, hybrid. E. stelldta, Deleuil, hybrid. 



J. N. ROSE. 



ECHIDNOPSIS (viper-like, alluding to the serpent- 

 like sts.). Asdepiadaceae. A few species of leafless 

 succulents of Trop. Afr. and Arabia, not sufficiently 

 distinguished from Caralluma; allied to Stapelia, 

 which see for cult. None of the species seems to be in 

 the trade. The sts. are many-angled and tessellate, 

 bearing small mostly fascicled fls. in the grooves: corolla 

 rotate or approaching campanulate, 5-lobed, fleshy, 

 yellow or purple-brown; staminal column very short 

 and arising from the base of the corolla, and bearing 

 the corona. The following species have recently been 

 mentioned in garden literature: E. cereifdrmis, Hook. f. 

 is 6 in. high, with elongated cylindrical serpentine or 

 pendulous sts. and bright yellow fls. in fascicles. B.M. 

 5930. E. Dammannidna, Spreng. not Schweinf., ia 

 similar but has dark brown -purple fls. Nile Land. 

 E. Bentii, N. E. Br., has 7-S^ribbed sts. %in. or less 

 diam. and vinous-purple fls. in pairs toward the tips 

 of the branches. S. Arabia. B.M. 7760. E. somalensis, 

 N. E. Br., has columnar cereus-like shrubby cylindri- 

 cal 6-8-furrowed branches, and nearly sessile dark 

 purple yellow-spotted fls. solitary or in 2's or 3's. 

 Somaliland. B.M. 7929. 



ECHINACEA (Greek, echinos, hedgehog; alluding to 

 the sharp-pointed bracts of the receptacle). Comp6sit3e. 

 PURPLE CONE-FLOWER. Perennial stout herbs, more 

 or less grown in the border or wild garden. 



Closely related to Rudbeckia, but rays ranging from 

 flesh-color, through rose, to purple and crimson (one 

 species, not in the trade, has fls. yellow to red), while 

 those of Rudbeckia are yellow or partly (rarely wholly) 

 brown-purple: the high disk and the downward angle 

 at which the rays are pointed are features of echinaceas; 

 the disk is only convex at first, but becomes egg-shaped, 

 and the receptacle conical, while Rudbeckia has a 

 greater range, the disk from globose to columnar, and 

 the receptacle from conical to cylindrical; heads many- 

 fld., mostly large; disk-fls. fertile, rays pistillate but 

 sterile; pappus a small-toothed border or crown: sts. 

 long and strong, nearly leafless above, terminated by a 

 single head. Five species in N. Amer., 2 of them from 

 Mex., the others native to the U. S. By some treated 

 as a section of Rudbeckia; by others now called Brau- 

 neria, which is an older name. 



Echinaceas and rudbeckias are stout, and perhaps 

 a little coarse in appearance, but their flower-heads, 

 sometimes 6 inches across, are very attractive, and borne 

 in succession for two months or more of late summer. 



