ECHINOCACTUS 



ECHINOCACTUS 



1089 



will readily unite when grafted upon other kinds, not 

 only in the same genus, but in other genera of Cactaceae, 

 and for weak-growing species it may often be an advan- 

 tage to graft upon some stronger-growing species. 

 Cleistocactus Baumannii (or C. colubrinus) makes an 

 excellent stock to graft upon, choosing stock plants of 

 reasonable size and height. The system known as 

 "wedge-grafting" is perhaps best for the purpose, and 

 the early spring months, or just as the growing season 

 is about to begin, is the best time for grafting. If 

 plants of echinocactus can be kept in a healthy condi- 

 tion, they are not much troubled with insect pests; 

 mealy-bug is their worst enemy and should be removed 

 at once with a clean mucilage brush. The following 

 varieties have been found to be among the most easily 

 grown: E. capricornis, E. coptonogonus, E. cornigerus, 

 E. Grusonii, E. horizonthalonius, E. longihamatus, E. 

 myriostigma, E. setispinus, E. texensis, and E. Wislizenii. 

 (E. J. Canning.) 



INDEX. 



A. Spines, or some of them, hooked (Nos. I-1G). 

 B. Central spine solitary. 



1. Wrightii, Coulter (E. uncinatus 

 var. Wrightii, Engelm.). Oval, 3-6 in. < 

 high, 2-3 K in. diam.: radial spines 8, 

 arranged as in E. uncinatus; 



central spine solitary, angled, 

 flexuous and hooked, elon- 

 gated (2-6 in.), erect, straw- 

 color, with dark tip: fls. 1-1 % 

 in. long, dark purple. Texas 

 and N. Mex. 



BB. Central spines 4- 



c. Some or all of the spines 



annulate. 



2. cylindraceus, Engelm. 

 Globose to ovate or ovate- 

 cylindrical, simple or branch- 

 ing at base, becoming as 

 much as 3 ft. high and 1 ft. 

 diam.: ribs 13 in younger 

 specimens, 20-27 in older 



ones, obtuse and tuberculate: spines 

 stout, compressed, more or less curved, 

 reddish; radials about 12, with 3-5 

 additional slender ones at upper edge of 

 areole, 1-2 in. long, the lowest stouter 

 and shorter and much hooked; centrals 



4, very stout and 4-angled, about 2 in. 

 long and ^-^in. broad, the upper- 

 most broadest and almost straight and 

 erect, the lowest decurved : fls. yellow. 



5. W. U. S. and Low. Calif. 



3. longihamatus, Gal. Subgloboseor 

 at length ovate, becoming 1-2 ft. high : 

 ribs 13-17, often oblique, broad, obtuse, 

 tuberculate-interrupted : spines robust, 

 purplish or variegated when young, at 



1371. 

 Echinocactus Whipplei. ( X 1 A) 



length ashy; radials 8-11, spreading, straight or curved 

 or flexuous, the upper and lower ones 1-3 in. long, the 

 laterals 2-4 in.; centrals 4, angled, the upper ones 

 turned upward, straight or curved or twisted, the lower 

 one stouter, elongated (3-8 in.), flexuous and more or 

 less hooked: fls. yellow, tinged with red, 2%~3% in. 

 long. Texas and Mex. 



4. Wislizenii, Engelm. At first globose, then ovate to 

 cylindrical, 1^-4 ft. high: ribs 21-25 (13 in small speci- 

 mens), acute and oblique, more or less tuberculate: 

 radial spines fg-2 in. long, the 3 upper and 3-5 lower 

 ones stiff, straight or curved, annulate, red (in old 

 specimens the 3 stout upper radials move toward the 

 center and become surrounded by the upper bristly 

 ones), the 12-20 laterals (sometimes additional shorter 

 ones above) bristly, elongated, flexuous, horizontally 

 spreading, yellowish white; centrals 4, stout, angled, 

 and red, 1K-3K in. long, the 3 upper straight, the 

 lower one longest (sometimes as much as 4-5 in.), very 

 robust (flat and channeled above), hooked downward: 

 fls. yellow or sometimes red, 2-2% in. long. From S. 

 Utah to N. Mex. and Low. Calif. 



cc. None of the spines annulate. 



5. brevihamatus, Engelm. Globose-ovate, very dark 

 green: ribs 13, deeply tuberculate-interrupted, the 

 tubercles with a woolly groove extending to the base: 

 radial spines mostly 12, terete, straight, white or yel- 

 lowish, with dusky tips, ^-1 in. long, the upper longer; 

 central spines 4 (rarely 1 or 2 additional ones), flattened, 

 white with black tips, the 2 lateral ones divergent 

 upward, straight or a little recurved, 1-2 in. long, the 

 uppermost one weaker, the lower stoutest and darkest, 

 porrect or deflexed, hooked downward, %-l in. long: 

 fls. funnelform, rose-color, 1-l^i in. long. S. W. Texas 



and New Mex. 



6. sinuatus, Dietr. (E. Treculianus, 

 Labour.). Globose, 4-8 in. diam., bright 

 green: ribs 13, oblique, acute, tuber- 

 culate-interrupted, the tubercles short- 

 grooved: radial spines 8-12, setiform 

 and flexible, the 3 upper and 3 lower 

 purplish brown and straight- 

 ish (the lower ones sometimes 

 more or less hooked), y$-\ in. 

 long, the 2-6 laterals more 

 slender, longer (1-1% in.), 

 often flattened, puberulent 

 and whitish, sometimes flexu- 

 ous or hooked; central spines 

 4, puberulent, yellowish (or 

 purplish variegated), the 3 

 upper ones slender, flattened 

 or subangled, erect and gener- 

 ally straight (rarely hooked), 

 l%-2 in. long, the lowest one 

 much stouter, flattened or 

 even channeled, straw-color, 

 flexuous, more or less hooked 

 (sometimes straight), 24 in. 

 long: fls. yellow, 2-3 in. long. Texas, 

 Ariz, and N. Mex. 



7. uncinatus, Gal. Glaucescent, globose 

 to oblong: ribs 13, obtuse, tuberculate- 

 interrupted: radial spines 7 or 8, 1-2 in. 

 long, the upper 4 or 5 straw-color, straight, 

 flattened, the lower 3 purplish, terete and 

 hooked; centrals 4, the upper 3 rather stout 

 and straight, about 1 in. long, the lowest 

 one very long, flattened, hooked at apex: 

 fls. brownish purple. N. Mex. 



8. Whipplei, Engelm. Fig. 1371. Glo- 

 bose-ovate, 3-5 in. high, 2-4 in. diam.: 

 ribs 13-15 (often oblique), compressed 

 and tubepculately interrupted: radial 



