1092 



ECHINOCACTUS 



ECHINOCEREUS 



41. polycephalus, Engelm. & Bigel. Globose (6-10 

 in. diam.) to ovate (10-16 in. high, 5-10 in. diam.) and 

 cylindrical (reaching 24-28 in. high and about 10 in. 

 diam.), profusely branched at base: ribs 13-21 (occa- 

 sionally 10): spines 8-15, very stout and compressed, 

 more or less recurved and reddish; radials 4-11, com- 

 paratively slender (the uppermost the most slender), 

 1-2 in. long; the 4 centrals much stouter and longer 

 (1 1^-2% in.), very unequal, the uppermost one usually 

 broadest and curved upward, the lowest one usually 

 the longest and decurved: fls. yellow. Utah to Calif. 



42. viridescens, Nutt. Globose or depressed, simple 

 or branching at base, 4-12 in. high, 6-10 in. diam.: 

 ribs 13-21 (fewer when young), compressed and scarcely 

 tuberculate: spines more or less curved and sometimes 

 twisted, reddish below, shading into greenish or yellow- 

 ish above; radials 9-20, %-^iin. long, the lowest short- 

 est, robust, and decurved; centrals 4, cruciate, much 

 stouter, compressed and 4-angled, %-\ % in. long, the 

 lowest broadest, longest and straightest: fls. yellowish 

 green, about l%in. long. S. Calif. E.limitus, Engelm., 

 is closely related to this species and is thought by 

 some to be identical with it. 



43. Lecfintei, Engelm. Resembles E. Wislizenii, but 

 often somewhat taller (sometimes becoming 8 ft. high 

 and 2 ft. diam.), usually more slender, and at last cla- 

 vate from a slender base: ribs somewhat more inter- 

 rupted and more obtuse: lower central spine more flat- 

 tened and broader, curved (rather than hooked) or 

 twisted, usually not at all hooked, sometimes as much 

 as 6 in. long: fls. rather smaller. From the Great 

 Basin to Mex. and Low. Calif. 



44. Sileri, Engelm. Globose: ribs 13, prominent, 

 densely crowded, with short rhombic-angled tubercles: 

 radial spines 11-13, white; centrals 3, black, with pale 

 base, %in. long, the upper one slightly longer: fls. 

 scarcely 1 in. long, straw-colored. Utah. 



45. Grusonii, Hildmann. Globose, completely cov- 

 ered by a mass of almost transparent golden spines, 

 which give the plant the appearance of a ball of gold: 

 centrals 4, curved: fls. red and yellow. Mountains of 

 Mex. From illustrations it is evident that the radial 

 spines are somewhat numerous and widely spreading, 

 and that the centrals are prominent and more or less 

 deflexed. 



ff 



1374. Echinocactus myriostigma. 

 No. 50. 



1373. Echinocactus Palmeri. No. 46. 



46. Palmeri, Rose (E. saltillensis, Poselg.). Fig. 

 1373. Very stout, globose: ribs 15-19, compressed, 

 dark green: spines very prominent, 5-7 in a cluster, 

 stout and porrect, sometimes becoming 5 in. long; cen- 

 trals 4. Mex. Schu- 

 mann makes this a va- 

 riety of E. ingens. 



ccc. Ribs 30 or more. 



47. Sc6pa, Link & 

 Otto. More or less cylin- 

 drical, 1 ft. or more 

 high, 2-4 in. diam., at 

 length branching above: 

 ribs 30-36, nearly verti- 

 cal, tuberculate: radial 

 spines 30-40, setaceous, 

 white; central spines 3 

 or 4, purple, erect; some- 

 times all the spines are 

 white : fls. yellcw. Brazil. 

 The species is exceed- 

 ingly plastic in form, 

 branching variously or 

 passing into the cristate 

 condition. 



BBBB. Central spines 5-10. 



48. pildsus, Gal. Globose, 6-18 in. high: ribs 13-18, 

 compressed, little if at all interrupted: radial spines 

 represented by 3 slender ones at the lowest part of the 

 pulvillus or wanting; centrals 6, very stout, at first pur- 

 plish, becoming pale yellow, the 3 upper ones erect, the 

 3 lower recurved-spreading: fls. unknown. N. Mex. 



AAA. Spines entirely wanting. 



49. turbiniformis, Pfeiff. Depressed-globose, gray- 

 ish green, with 12-14 spirally ascending ribs, cut into 

 regular rhomboidal tubercles; tubercles flat, with a 

 depressed pulvillus, entirely naked excepting a few 

 small setaceous spines upon the younger ones: fls. 

 white, with a purplish base. Mex. The depressed 

 and spineless body, with its surface regularly cut in 

 spiral series of low, flat tubercles, gives the plant a very 

 characteristic appearance. 



50. myriostigma, Salm-Dyck (Astrophytum myrio- 

 stigma, Lena.). Fig. 1374. Depressed-globose, 5 in. 



diam.: ribs 5 or 6, very 

 broad, covered with numer- 

 ous somewhat pilose white 

 spots, and with deep obtuse 

 sinuses: spines none: fls. 

 large, pale yellow. Mex. 



E. chrysdnthus (E. chrysacan- 

 thus)=(?). E. Drxgeanus=C?<. 

 E. Lewinii=LaphophoTn. E. 

 micromeris = Mammillaria. E. 

 Poselgerianus, A. Dietz.=Mam- 

 millariaScheerii. E. Slmpsonii= 

 Pediocactus. E. trifurcatusC!). 

 E. FTMi'amsH=Lophophora. 



JOHN M. COULTER. 

 J. N. RosE.f 



ECHINOCEREUS (spiny 

 Cereus). Cactacese. Con- 

 densed globular, cylindrical 

 or prostrate cacti of the 

 United States and Mexico. 



Stems single or cespitose, 

 sometimes forming large 

 clusters of 200-300 sts., dis- 

 tinctly ribbed, usually low 

 in stature, or, if elongated, 

 sprawling or creeping, gen- 

 erally very spiny: fls. yel- 

 low, purplish or scarlet, 

 with rather a short funnel- 



