ENGELMANNIA 



ENTADA 



1115 



ENGELMANNIA (Dr. Geo. Engelmann, eminent 

 botanist of St. Louis, died 1884). Composite. One 

 yellow-fld. herb, E. pinnatifida, Torr. & Gray, allied to 

 Parthenium and Silphium, Kans. to La., Ariz, and Mex., 

 that is likely to be planted in wild gardens. It grows a 

 foot or two high, in dry places, from a stout perennial 

 root, branching above, hirsute, with alternate and 

 radical deeply pinnatifid Ivs., and corymbose heads of 

 golden yellow fls. on slender and naked peduncles: 

 involucre hemispherical, somewhat double; receptacle 

 flat and chaffy; ray-fls. 8-10, pistillate and fertile, the 

 rays H m - or more long; disk-fls. perfect and sterile: 

 achene obovate, wingless, ribbed, with a persistent 

 pappus-crown. 



ENKIANTHUS (Greek pregnant and flower, referring 

 to the colored involucre which subtends the flowers of 

 E. quinqueflorus, giving the appearance of small flowers 

 springing from a larger flower). Also written Enkyan- 

 thus. Ericaceae. Ornamental woody plants, chiefly 

 grown for their handsome flowers and the brilliant 

 autumnal tints of the foliage. 



Deciduous, rarely evergreen shrubs with whorled 

 branches: Ivs. alternate, usually serrulate, crowded 

 toward the end of the branchlets: fls. in terminal 

 umbels or racemes; sepals 5, small; corolla campanulate 

 or urceolate, usually 5-lobed; stamens 10; anthers 

 2-awned at the apex, opening with short slits: fr. a 

 dehiscent caps.; cells 1- to few-seeded; seeds 3-5- 

 winged or -angled. About 10 species in China and 

 Japan, Cochin-China and Himalayas. Closely related 

 to Pier is and Zenobia; chiefly distinguished by the 

 few- or 1 -seeded cells of the caps, and the winged or 

 angled seeds. 



These are charming ornamental shrubs, with bright 

 green, medium-sized leaves turning brilliant colors in 

 autumn and with handsome white, red or yellow-and- 

 red, drooping flowers appearing in spring; the flowers 

 are not of the showy kind, but very graceful and of 

 distinct appearance. Most of the cultivated species, 

 as E. campanulatus, E. cernuus, E. perulatus and E. 

 subsessilis, have proved hardy in Massachusetts; they 

 seem to grow well in any well-drained humid soil, but 

 probably are impatient of lime, as are most Ericacea? 

 and in limestone regions should be grown in specially 

 prepared beds of peaty soil. Propagation is by seeds 

 sown in spring, by cuttings of ripe wood under glass in 

 spring, or by greenwood cuttings in summer; also by 

 layers. 



A. Fls. urceolate, gibbous at the base, white. 



perulatus, Schneid. (E. japonicus, Hook, f . Andrdm- 

 eda peruldta, Miq.). Shrub, to 6 ft.: Ivs. petioled, 

 obovate to elliptic-ovate, acute, sharply appressed- 

 serrulate, glabrous and bright green above, pubescent 

 on the veins below, 1-2 in. long: fls. in drooping umbels, 

 slender-pedicelled ; corolla urceolate, with 5 revolute 

 lobes and with 5 sacs at the base, ^in. long: caps, 

 oblong-ovoid, about J^in. long, on straight pedicels. 

 May. Japan. B.M. 5822. G.C. III. 21:357. R.H. 

 1877, p. 467. S.I.F. 2:62. The foliage turns yellow 

 and partly scarlet in autumn. 



AA. Fls. campanulate, not gibbous at the base, usually 



red or yellow-and-red. 



campanulatus, Nichols. (Andromeda campanulata, 

 Miq.). Fig. 1396. Shrub, to 15 or occasionally to 30 

 ft.: Ivs. petioled, elliptic or rhombic-elliptic, acute or 

 acuminate, sharply appressed serrulate, glabrous 

 except few scattered bristly hairs, particularly on the 

 veins below, 1/^-3 in. long: fls. slender-pedicelled, in 

 drooping, 8-15-fld. puberulous racemes; corolla with 

 short obtuse upright lobes, yellowish or pale orange, 

 veined darker red, nearly J^in. long: caps, oblong-ovate 

 on pendulous stalks turned upward at the apex. May. 

 Japan. B.M. 7059. Gn. 75, p. 287. G. 29:361. Gt. 

 22:747. M.D.G. 1900:550. S.I.F. 2:62. This is one 



71 



of the handsomest species and the strongest grower; 

 the peculiar coloring of the gracefully drooping fls. is 

 very attractive; the foliage turns brilliant red in 

 autumn. 



cernuus, Makino (E. Meisteria, Maxim. Andrdm- 

 eda cernua, Miq.). Shrub, to 15 ft.: Ivs. short- 

 petioled, obovate 

 or rhombic-ob- 

 ovate, acute or ob- 

 tusish, crenately 

 serrate, bright 

 green above, 

 lighter below and 

 pubescent on the 

 veins, 1-2 in. long: 

 fls. in pendulous 

 racemes, slender- 

 pedicelled; corolla 

 with irregularly 

 laciniate limb, 

 about ^in. long, 

 white in the type: 

 caps, on pendulous 

 stalks turned up- 

 ward at the apex. May. Japan. 

 Var. rubens, Makino. Fls. red. 

 Only the red-fld. variety seems 

 to be in cult, and is a very distinct- 

 looking handsome shrub. 



1396. 



Enkianthus 



campanulatus. 



(XH) 



E. chinensis, Franch. (E. himalaicus 

 var. chinensis, Diels). Allied to E. cam- 

 panulatus. Lvs. quite glabrous, more 

 crenately serrate: racemes glabrous; cor- 

 olla yellow and red, with darker red 

 lobes. Cent, and W. China. J.H.F. 1900: 

 212. E. deflexus, Schneid. (E. himalaicus, 

 Hook. f. & Thorns.). Closely related to 

 E. campanulatus. Lvs. elliptic-ovate to 

 elliptic-lanceolate, acute, slightly serrate, 

 margin and petioles red while young: racemes many-fld.; cor- 

 olla yellow, striped dark red, with darker lobes. Himalayas. 

 W. China. B.M. 6460. E. himalaicus. Hook. f. & Thoms.=E. 

 deflexus and E. chinensis. E. nikoensis, Makino =E. subsessilis. 

 E. quinquefldrus, Lour. (E. reticulatus, Lindl. ). Lvs. elliptic, 

 long-petioled, entire, persistent: fls. about 5, in umbels, subtended 

 by colored bracts, drooping; corolla campanulate, scarlet. S. China, 

 Cochin-China. B.M. 1649. B.R. 884, 885. L.B.C. 12:1101. 

 P.M. 5:127. R.H. 1849:221. H.F. 1859: 101. Tender. Var. ser- 

 rulatus, Wilson (E. serrulatus, Schneid.). Lvs. deciduous, mem- 

 branous, finely serrulate: fls. smaller. Cent, and S. W. China. E. 

 reticulatus, Lmdl.=E. quinqueflorus. E. serruldtus, Schneid. = 

 E. quinqueflorus var. serrulatus. E. subsessilis, Makiho (E. 

 nikoensis, Makino). Allied to E. perulatus. Lvs. short-petioled, 

 elliptic or obovate: fls. in pendulous racemes, small, white, Hin. 

 long. June. Japan. S.T.S. 1:25. S.I.F. 2:62. This is the least 

 attractive in bloom, but the autumnal tints of the foliage are as 

 beautiful as in the other species. ALFRED REHDER. 



ENNEALOPHUS (name refers to the 9 crests on 

 the style). Iridacex. A very recently described genus 

 of one species, E. amazdnicus, N. E. Br., differing from 

 Tigridia in the 3 style-branches being 3-crested rather 

 than bifid or subulate. The perianth-segms. are free, 

 unequal and claw.ed, the exterior ones much the larger, 

 the blades of all of them more or less reflexed; stamens 

 3, the filaments connate into a tube. The bulb of the 

 single known species is abut 1 in: long, ovoid: lys. 

 linear-lanceolate, about 4^ the upper one about 2 in. 

 long and the others 6-12 in.: fls. about 1^ in. across, 

 blue-violet with pale brown claws and a white spot at 

 the base of the blade of the inner segms. Brazil; 

 apparently not in the trade. 



ENTADA (a Malabar name). Syn. Pusxtha. Legu- 

 minbsse. Tropical woody spineless climbers. 



Leaves bipinnate, often cirrhiferous : fls. not papilion- 

 aceous, white or yellow, in slender spike-like racemes 

 which are solitary or panicled; calyx campanulate, 

 shortly 5-toothed; petals 5, free or somewhat coherent; 

 stamens 10, free, short-exserted : pod straight or arc- 

 uate, flat-compressed, jointed, the joints separating 

 and leaving a continuous border. Perhaps 20 species 

 of high climbers in Afr. and Amer. The genus is remark- 



