ERANTHEMUM 



EREMOSTACHYS 



1127 



with yellow, which darkens to reddish purple." PossibIy=Fittonia 

 Verschaffeltii. E. nenx)sum=Dsedalacanthus nervosus, T. Anders. 

 E. nigrescens. Presumably with blackish Ivs. E. pulchellum, 

 Hort. and Andr.=Dsedalacanthus nervosus, T. Anders,. E. pur- 

 pitreum. "Lvs. and sts. dark, lurid purple." Siebrecht & Wadley. 

 E. Wdttii, Stapf, is probably the correct name for the plant 

 treated as Dsedalacanthus Wattii, Bedd. See B.M. 8239. G.C. 



IIL45:89 - WILHELM MILLER. 



N. TAYLOR.t 



ERANTHIS (Greek, er, spring, and anthos, a flower; 

 from the early opening of the flowers). Ranunculdceae. 

 WINTER ACONITE. Low perennial herbs, grown in open 

 flower-beds because of the very early show of bright 

 flowers; very desirable. 



Rootstock tuberous: basal Ivs. palmately dissected, 

 1 st.-lf. sessile or amplexicaul just beneath the large 

 yellow fl.: sepals 5-8, petal-like; petals small, 2-lipped 

 nectaries; stamens numerous: carpels few, stalked, 

 many-ovuled, becoming follicles. About 7 species, 

 natives of Eu. and Asia. The earliest generic name is 

 Cammarum which was given in Hill's British Herbal, 

 p. 47, pi. 7 (1756), but it is not accepted by the "nomina 

 conservanda" of the Vienna code. 



Winter aconites are very hardy ; and at home in 

 half-shady places, among shrubs or in the border. 



Propagated by division 

 of roots. The place in 

 which the tubers are 

 planted should be marked 

 during the summer, when 

 the foliage is dead. 



hyemalis, Salisb. (Helle- 

 borus hyemalis, Linn.). 

 Fig. 1406. Erect, 5-8 in.: 

 basal Ivs. long-petioled : 

 involucre 12 - 15 - parted, 

 the bright yellow fls. 

 always sessile; anthers ob- 

 long. Jan.-March, or as 

 soon as frost is out of the 

 ground. Naturalized from 

 Eu. B.M. 3. Mn. 8, p. 43. 

 G.C. II. 11:245. G. 1: 

 628; 34: 277. 



Var. cilicica, Huth. (E. 

 ciMcica, Schott & Kots- 

 chy). Much like the 

 above: involucre of deeper 

 and more numerous lobes; anthers ovate instead of 

 oblong; sepals broader, being about J^in. across: folli- 

 cles always straight. Season a few weeks later. G.C. 

 III. 13:266. G.M. 49:180. The sts., when grown in 

 gardens, said to be red-brown. Roots of this were first 

 sent to England from its native home near Smyrna in 

 1892. Rare in Amer. 



sibirica, DC. Much dwarfer, seldom over 3-4 in. 

 high: fls. bright yellow, a little smaller than those of E. 

 hyemalis, 5-sepaled. Siberia. K. C. DAVIS. 



ERCILLA (Peruvian name). Phytolaccacese. One 

 twining shrub from Peru and Chile, apparently not 

 in the trade but sometimes cult, in this country for its 

 dense spikes of pale purple fls. and dark purple berries. 

 By some it is united with Phytolacca, from which it 

 differs in habit, the coriaceous evergreen Ivs., larger 

 bracteoles and technical characters of the fl. E. volfc- 

 bilis, Juss. (E. spicata, Moq. Bridgesia spicata, Hook. 

 & Am. Phytolacca volubilis, Heiml.), has alternate, 

 petioled, ovate-cordate or oblong or orbicular Ivs. 1-2 

 in. long: fls. perfect, in spikes 1-1% in. long, the perianth 

 5-parted, segms. oblong and obtuse;. stamens 8-10, with 

 filiform fleshy filaments, the alternate ones being 

 snorter: carpels 4-8, somewhat impressed in the torus, 

 becoming as many ovoid berries. G.C. II. 9:653. Said 

 to be excellent for covering walls, and climbs by aerial 

 rootlets. It is easily prop, by seeds and cuttings. 



L. H. B. 



1406. Eranthis hyemalis. 



EREMOCITRUS (G reek, desert and Citrus). Rutacex, 

 tribe Citrese. AUSTRALIAN DESERT KUMQUAT. Spiny shrub 

 or small tree: Ivs. small, simple or emarginate, thick and 

 leathery, alike on both sides; spines single, long, slen- 

 der, axillary: fls. small, 4- (rarely 3- or 5-) merous, white, 

 fragrant, borne singly, or 2 or 3 

 together in the axils of the Ivs.; 

 stamens free, 4 times as numerous 

 as the petals :frs. small, subglo- 

 bose, oblate or pyriform, yellow, 

 with a thin fleshy peel lake that 

 of a lime, 4- (rarely 3-5-) celled 

 with 1 or 2 seeds in each cell; 

 cells containing stalked subglo- 

 bose pulp-vesicles filled with a 

 pleasant acid juice.-^Only 1 

 species of this subtropical Aus- 

 tralian genus is known. 



glafica, Swingle (Triphasia 

 glauca, Lindl. Ataldntia glauca, 

 Benth.). A shrub or small tree 

 bearing edible frs. and occurring 

 in Queensland and New S. Wales, 

 Austral., in subtropical regions 

 subject to severe cold and ex- 

 treme drought. The Ivs. of this 

 plant are small (1-1 ^ x V- v /i 

 in.), emarginate, and show 

 marked drought-resistant adap- 

 tations; both faces of the Ivs. 

 show palisade cells, and stomates 

 at the bottom of deep pits; the 

 long and slender spines are borne 

 singly in the axils of the Ivs. 

 (see Fig. 1407) : frs. subglobose, 

 flattened or slightly pyriform 

 (see Fig. 1408), usually 4-celled 

 and containing globose stalked pulp-vesicles (see 

 Fig. 1408); seeds small, with a longitudinally fur- 

 rowed and rugose testa. Yearbook Dept. Agric., 1911, 

 pi. 45, fig. 1. Jour. Agric. Research, U. S. Dept. Agric. 

 vol. 2, pp. 85-100, figs. 1-7, pi. 8. The frs. of this 

 species are used by the settlers in Austral, for jam and 

 pickles and ade is made from the juice. The Australian 

 desert kumquat is the hardiest evergreen citrous fr. 

 known besides being the only one showing pronounced 

 drought-resistant adaptations; it bears in the wild state 

 edible frs. with a pleasant acid juice and a mild-flavored 

 peel. These characteristics make this plant very promis- 

 ing for use in breeding new types of hardy drought- 

 resistant citrous frs. It has been intro. into the U. S. 

 by the Dept. of Agric., and is now growing in the 

 greenhouse of the Dept. of Agric. and in the southern 

 and western states. It can be grafted on the common 

 citrous fruit trees, and can in turn be used as stocks for 



WALTER T. SWINGLE. 



1 407. Spiny twig of 

 young seedling of Ere- 

 mocitrus glauca. ( X Ji) 



EREMOSPATHA (solitary spathe). Palmacex. Above 

 a half-dozen Trop. African climbing palms, with long 

 slender ringed sts. and pinnate Ivs. Apparently none 

 is in the trade. The fls. are perfect; calyx 3-toothed, 

 campanulate; corolla urn-shaped, with 3 short lobes; 

 stamens 6, with broad connate 

 filaments; ovary 3-celled, and 

 stigmas 3: fr. berry-like: Ifte. 

 alternate and opposite; rachis 

 spiny, with a Jong tendril at end. 



EREMOSTACHYS (deserted 

 or solitary spikes). Labiate. 

 Outdoor perennial, apparently 

 'a* 1 BpSee of the ^or so in 



in cross-section, show- the genus being in commercial 

 ing stalked globose pulp- Cult. The gen US IS allied to 

 vesicles and furrowed Leonotis and Phlomis, and the 

 seeds. (Natural size) species are from Cent, and W. 



