ERODIUM 



ERYNGIUM 



1137 



widened upward and toothed. Medit. region, now 

 widely spread in Calif, and also grown for forage. 



AA. Plant perennial. 

 B. Fls. yellow. 



4. chrysanthum, L'Her. Woody, 1-5 in. tall, sil- 

 very, the rhizome vertical: Ivs. densely crowded at 

 base, petiole and blade of equal length, broadly ovate, 

 obtuse or nearly so, pinnate, the pinnaa cut; st.-lvs. 

 few or none, subsessile: peduncles sometimes basal; 

 fls. yellow, the petals exceeding sepals, broadly cuneate 

 and retuse. Greece. Gt. 1, p. 260. 



BB. Fls. white, sometimes veined or spotted. 



5. guttatum, Willd. Woody, 3-6 in., the caudex 

 vertical: Ivs. many at base of St., long-petioled, ovate- 

 cordate or long-cordate, obscurely lobed, crenulate: 

 peduncle 2-5 in. high; fls. clear wh'te with a dark spot 

 at base of upper petals; sepals lance-spatulate or obo- 

 vate-spatulate ; petals broadly obovate, rounded. S. W. 

 Medit. region; a good little rock plant. Gt. 3, p. 244. 



6. pelargonifldrum, Bpiss. & Heldr. Woody, to 1 ft. 

 or more, the caudex vertical : basal Ivs. rather numerous, 

 long-petioled, hairy above, ovate-cordate, somewhat 

 lobed, obtusely crenate-dentate: peduncles 1-5 in. 

 high; fls. white, the 2 upper petals spotted with pink 

 at base; sepals ovate; petals broadly obovate, rounded 

 or retuse. Asia Minor. B.M. 5206. Gt. 1:194. Gn. 

 59, p. 448; 63, p. 107. 



7. supracanum, L'Her. Stemless, 1-4 in. tall, the 

 rhizome vertical: Ivs. numerous, to about 2 in. long, 

 densely silky-canescent above, green beneath, ovate or 

 oblong, bipinnatisect, the pinnules entire or dentate 

 or incised: fls. white, spotless, red-veined, the petals 

 obovate and rounded, and sepals broadly ovate and 

 5-nerved. Pyrenees. 



8. chamaedrypides, L'Her. (E. Reichardii, DC.). 

 Stemless, 2-3 in. tall: Ivs. numerous, long-stalked, 

 sparsely hairy, round-ovate, slightly cordate, crenate, 

 apex rounded: peduncles about 1-fld., about 2 in. tall; 

 fls. white, rose- veined; sepals ovate-spatulate or lance- 

 spatulate, minutely mucronate; petals obovate, retuse. 

 Balearic Isls., Corsica. An attractive alpine. 



BBB. Fls. rose, red or purple (sometimes white in No. 1J+). 

 c. Lvs. undivided or obscurely lobed. 



9. c6rsicum, Lem. St. 2-6 in. high, the root vertical 

 or oblique: basal Ivs. many, long-petioled, grayish 

 tomentose or becoming glabrous, ovate or broader, 

 more or less obsoletely lobed, coarsely crenate-dentate: 

 peduncle 1-2 in. high, about 2-fld.; fls. %in. across, in 

 shades of rosy pink veined deeper color; sepals oblong- 

 spatulate or ovate, not mucronate; petals broadly 

 obovate or cuneate. Corsica and Sardinia. G.C. III. 

 48:210. 



cc. Lvs. all pinnatisect. 



D. St. wanting. 



10. macradenum, L'Her. (E. graveolens, Lapeyr. E. 

 glandulbsum, Willd.). Remarkable for the great length 

 of the roots when twisting among rocks, and strong 

 odor of the foliage: 2-6 in.: Ivs. hairy, glandular, lJ^-2 

 in. long, oblong, pinnate; segms. pinnatifid, rachis with 

 a toothed wing: fls. light purple, the 2 upper petals a 

 shade darker, and the spots nearly black. Pyrenees. 

 B.M. 5665. 



11. daucoides, Boiss. Plant 2-4 in., the rhizome ver- 

 tical: Ivs. many, tomentose, petiole exceeding blade, 

 lanceolate or triangular in outline, the pinnae pinnati- 

 sect and the lobes linear-lanceolate: peduncles stand- 

 ing above the foliage, about 4-fld.; fls. rose-color; 

 sepals more or less ovate, 5-nerved; petals obovate, 

 somewhat rounded. Spain. 



12. Manescivi, Coss. Height 10-18 in., the rhizome 

 vertical or oblique: Ivs. attaining 6 and more in. long, 



2^2 in. wide, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate; segms. 

 alternate ovate, short-stalked, dentate, with sometimes 

 a deeper cut: fls. at best 2 in. across, strong rosy purple, 

 the spots of the upper petals only a shade or two darker. 

 Pyrenees. Gn. 55:292. Colors stronger and more 

 uniform than No. 10. 



DD. St. evident. 



13. Guicciardii, Heldr. Woody, to 8 in. tall, from a 

 more or less vertical rhizome: basal Ivs. many, densely 

 clustered, petiole equaling the blade (upper st.-lvs. ses- 

 sile), silvery, broadly ovate or oblong-ovate, pinnate; 

 pinnae cut into linear or oblong-linear lobes: peduncle 

 1-3 in. tall, 4-7-fld.; fls. rose-colored; sepals ovate, 

 obtuse and mucronate; petals obovate, rounded. N. 

 Greece. 



14. absinthioldes, Willd. (E. petrseum, Sibth. & Smith. 

 E. olympicum, Clem. E. Sibthorpianum, Kotschy). 

 Two to 8 in. tall : rhizome vertical : Ivs. many, crowded 

 at base of St., the petioles very short (st.-lvs. few and 

 sessile), soft-hairy, oblong or triangular-ovate, obtuse 

 or acutish, bipinnatisect; lobes linear-lanceolate, entire 

 or dentate: peduncle 1-4 in., 2-8-fld.; fls. violet or rose 

 (rarely white), the sepals ovate, obtuse and mucronate, 

 the petals cuneate-obovate. Asia Minor. 



E. gruinum, L'Her. Annual or biennial, \Yt ft. high, the sts. 

 1 or few, white-hairy: Ivs. cordate-ovate, undivided or obscurely 

 lobed, dentate: fls. violet-blue, large, the petals broadly obovate 

 and clawed, rounded at apex. Sicily to Persia, N. Afr. E. Stephani- 

 anum, Willd. Annual or biennial, villous, branched: Ivs. nearly 

 glabrous, bipinnatifid, the lobes linear: peduncles 2-3 in. high, 

 2-5-fld.; fls. dark purple; petals scarcely surpassing sepals, very 

 broad-ovate. Temp. Asia. L H B t 



ERPETION: Viola. 



ERUCA (origin of name in doubt; probably from the 

 Latin to burn, in allusion to the hot seeds). Crudferx. 

 Perhaps ten or a dozen herbs of Eu. and W. Asia, 

 annual or biennial. Allied to Brassica: differs in the 

 shorter, more turgid silique, with keeled valves; style 

 elongated; seeds in 2 rows in each cell. The Ivs. are 

 pinnately lobed or dentate, and the fls. rather large, 

 yellow to purplish. E. sativa, Mill., ROQUETTE, TIRA or 

 ROCKET-SALAD, is the only species cult, in this country. 

 It is a weedy annual, resembling a mustard, 1-2 ft. 

 high, with lyrate-pinnatifid Ivs. and creamy yellow or 

 whitish fls. in a raceme (which elongates in fr.). It 

 is sparingly run wild in Canada, U. S., and Mex. See 

 Roquette. ,_ jj. g 



ERYNGIUM (a Greek name for some sort of thistle). 

 Umbettiferae. ERYNGO. SEA-HOLLY. Annual and peren- 

 nial herbs, chiefly valued for the steel-blue or pur- 

 plish cast of their rigid stems, prickly foliage and teasel- 

 like heads. 



Rarely shrubby: Ivs. stiff or coriaceous, undivided, 

 lobed or pinnatisect, the margin nearly always spiny: 

 fls. small, white, greenish or blue, sessile or subsessile, 

 bracteolate, in involucrate heads or spikes; calyx- 

 teeth prominent, mostly rigid, sometimes ending in a 

 spine-point; petals erect; disk expanded; styles slender: 

 fr. ovoid or obovoid or more or less globose, scaly or 

 tuberculate, without ribs, the carpels nearly terete and 

 with usually 5 oil-tubes. Wolff estimates (in Engler's 

 Pflanzenreich, hft. 61, 1913) 220 species, widely dis- 

 persed in warm and temperate regions with the greatest 

 extension in the Medit. region. 



There are two very distinct groups of eryngoes, one 

 with much-cut foliage, as shown in Fig. 1417, the other 

 the "pandanus group" (of the New World), with long 

 undivided leaves. The species are little grown in this 

 country, but they are more used abroad. They pro- 

 duce striking semi-formal and often somewhat bizarre 

 effects. They are used in subtropical bedding, particu- 

 larly the large pandanus-leaved kinds. They are excel- 

 lent for borders and rock-gardens, being prized particu- 

 larly for their colored stems and often brilliant in- 



