1150 



EUCALYPTUS 



EUCALYPTUS 



remain to the acre. By this method some trees will 

 stand at the original distance that they were planted, 

 while others will stand at multiples of that distance. 

 The extra cost of close planting will never be noticed 

 when the largest possible stand of healthy trees is 

 guaranteed, which is practically the case under this 

 method. If thinning is carried out by a set plan, 

 removing every other one or two trees, many strong 

 and healthy trees will be sacrificed. All limbs that have 

 a tendency to deform the trees should be removed each 

 year. After the third or fourth year, the trees will have 

 grown to such a height that to remove the limbs may 

 prove impractical in most cases. At this period (the 

 fourth or fifth year) there enters a new problem: the 

 removal of the poorer trees for wood and stakes to 

 allow the remainder a larger area of soil to draw upon 

 and a greater space above ground to extend their 

 branches. At this time the trees on an acre can be 

 reduced to a certain number, leaving these to grow for 

 telephone poles, ties, and lumber, or the entire grove 

 may be cut for stakes and wood. 



Second-growth eucalyptus. In three to six weeks 

 after the trees have been felled, the sprouts will start 

 out from the stumps. These sprouts are produced in 

 abundance and if properly thinned will soon replace the 

 cut forest, thus providing a second growth of fuel or 

 timber in much less time than was required with the 

 original grove. These remarks apply probably to all 

 species of eucalyptus, certainly to all sorts experi- 

 mented with in California up to the present time. 



Taxonomy of the cultivated eucalypti. 



All of the keys used for the identification of species 

 are more or less artificial. No satisfactory natural 

 classification has yet been devised. While the follow- 

 ing key is designed to aid in the making of determina- 

 tions rather than to express relationships, species known 

 to be closely related are placed near each other in the 

 text so far as this can be conveniently done. For the 

 ready determination of species in this critical genus, 

 it is necessary to have adult leaves, buds, flowers, and 

 mature fruit; immature fruits are often very mislead- 

 ing. Allowance should always be made for extreme 

 forms, since only normal specimens are here described. 

 This applies particularly to size of leaves. Unless 

 otherwise stated, the leaf description is drawn from 

 foliage on mature stems. The juvenile foliage, i.e., on 

 young seedlings and on suckers, is usually very differ- 

 ent, the leaves often broader, blunt, sessile, and of a 

 different color. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES. 



A. Fls. mostly in panicles or corymbs, not 

 simple umbels (occasionally the infl. 

 appears to be paniculate in section 

 AAA also, owing to dropping of Ivs., 

 so that it is well to look for lf.- 

 scars in doubtful cases). 

 B. Fr. l%-2 in. long; valves inclosed: 



fls. large. 

 c. Seeds black, not winged: fls. while 



or pink 1. calophylla 



cc. Seeds brown or red, winged: fls. red 



(pink to crimson or scarlet) 2. ficifolia 



BB. Fr. }/y-l in. long (/4-^in. in E. 

 maculata); valves inclosed: fls. 

 medium. 

 c. Lvs. paler beneath: fls. in terminal 



corymbs 3. corymbosa 



CC. Lvs. of nearly equal color on both 

 sides: fls. in lateral and terminal 

 panicles. 

 D. Caps, slightly ribbed: fls. nearly 



or quite sessile in the clusters ... 4. eximia 

 DD. Caps, smooth: fls. distinctly 



stalked 5. maculata 



BBB. Fr. %in. or less long (nearly %in. in 

 var. of No. 16); valves various: fls. 

 small. 

 c. Shape of Ivs. orbicular to ovate, 



often nearly as broad as long. 

 D. Petioles slender; Ivs. alternate. 

 E. Fls. stalked: Ivs. dull grayish 



green 6. polyanthemos 



EE. Fls. nearly sessile: Ivs. lus- 

 trous and dark green 7. populifolia 



DD. Petioles none; Ivs. opposite 8. melanophloia 



cc. Shape of Ivs. lanceolate or oblong, 



elongated. 

 D. Lvs. distinctly paler beneath than 



above. 

 E. Fr.-valves included in the 



calyx-tube 10. paniculata 



EE. Fr.-valves exserted 11. Raveretiana 



DD. Lvs. of equal color on both sides. 

 E. Lid %in. or more long, beak- 

 like 9. siderophloia 



EE. Lid shorter, not beak-like. 



F. Fr.-valves much exserted, 



spreading 12. microtheca 



FF. Fr.-valves about reaching the 

 rim: If.-veins very diverg- 

 ing 13. crebra 



14. leptophleba 



FFF. Fr.-valves wholly included in 

 calyx-tube: If.-veins very 

 oblique . 



G. Lid hemispheric 15. bicolor 



GG. Lid conic 16. hemiphloia 



AA. Fls. solitary in the If. -axils, or in 



strictly sessile umbels, large. 



B. Lvs. all opposite, cordate at base: shrub. 17. macrocarpa 

 BB. Lvs. mostly alternate, not cordate. 

 c. Peduncles ascending, or fls. entirely 

 sessile; lid warty. 



D. Plant a tree: Ivs. acute 18. globulus 



DD. Plant a shrub: Ivs. obtuse, very 



oblique at base 19. alpina 



cc. Peduncles recurved, flat; lid smooth: 



shrub 20. tetraptera 



AAA. Fls. in stalked umbels. 



B. Fl.-stalks (either pedicels or peduncles) 



flattened. 

 c. Fr.-valves with teeth projecting well 



beyond calyx-rim. 

 D. Teeth connivent into a cone: lid 



1-1^4 in. long. 



E. Fr. not embedded in receptacle. 24. cornuta 

 EE. Fr. partly embedded in recep- 

 tacle ... . . 25. Lehmannii 



