FERNS 



FERONIELLA 



1219 



Phyllitis Scolopendrium. Hartford F., Lygodium palma- 

 tum. Hay-scented F., Dennstsedtia punctilobula. Holly 

 F., Polysiichum Lonchitis. Lace F., Cheilanthes gracil- 

 lima; also Dryoptcris intermedia. Lady F., Asplenium 

 Filix-fcemina. Lip F., Cheilanthes. Maidenhair F., 

 Adiantum; more particularly A. Capillus-Veneris 

 abroad and A. pedatum at home. Male F., Dryopteris 

 Filix-mas. Marsh F., Dryopteris Thelypteris. Oak F., 

 Phegopteris Dryopteris. Ostrich F., Matteuccia Struth- 

 iopteris. Pod F., Ceratopteris thalictroides. Rattlesnake 

 F., Botrychium virginianum. Royal F-, Osmunda regalis. 

 Sensitive F., Onoclea sensibilis. Shield F., Dryopteris 

 F., and Polystichum. Stag-horn F., Platy cerium. Sun F., 

 Phegopteris. Sweet F., Myrica asplenifolia; abroad, 

 various Dryopteris. Sword F M Nephrolepis exaltata. 

 Venus' Hair F., Adiantum Capillus-Veneris. Walking 

 F., Camptosorus rhizophyllus. Wall F., Polypodium vul- 

 gare. Wall-rue, Asplenium Ruta-muraria. Washington 

 F., Nephrolepis exaltata var. washingtoniensis. 



FERONIA (from Feronia, Roman goddess of forests). 

 Rutdcese, tribe Citreas, subtribe Feroninse. Spiny 

 deciduous tree with hard-shelled fruit; related to 

 Citrus, for which it can perhaps be used as a stock. 



Leaves odd-pinnate, deciduous: fls. small, perfect 

 or by abortion male in terminal or axillary panicles; 

 petals 5 (rarely 4 or 6) ; stamens twice as numerous as 

 the petals; filaments much longer than the anthers, 

 dilated at base and densely pubescent on the sides and 

 within; ovary at first 5-celled, later becoming by 

 confluence 1-celled: fr. with a hard, compact woody 

 shell; seeds oval, lenticular, with a thin hairy brown 

 testa immersed in an acid edible pulp; cotyledons 

 fleshy, aerial in germination. Only 1 species is known. 



Limonia, Swingle (Schlnus Limbnia, Linn. Limonia 

 acidissima, Linn. F. elephdntum, Corr.). WOOD- 

 APPLE. Spiny deciduous tree, native to India, Ceylon 

 and Indo-China: bark gray, rough: Ivs. odd-pinnate, 

 3-7-foliate; Ifts. opposite, obovate, blunt at the apex, 

 sometimes emarginate, entire-margined with a short 

 petiolule; rachis margined, articulate, spines long and 

 straight, axillary: fls. (sometimes male by abortion of 

 the ovary) dull red, small, in terminal or axillary long- 

 pedicelled panicles; petals 5 (rarely 4 or 6); stamens 10 

 (rarely 8 or 12), filaments short, dilated at base and 

 densely pubescent on the sides and within; anthers 

 large; ovary 5-celled, with many ovules in each cell; 

 stigma cylindrical, sessile: frs. globose or oblate, 23^-3 

 in. diam., having a hard, woody 

 rind filled with a pinkish edible 

 pulp in which the numerous woolly 

 seeds are immersed. For discus- 

 sion of name and synonomy, see 

 Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 4:325 (n. 

 12, June 19, 1914). 111. Roxbg., PI. 

 Coromandel., PL 141. Gt. 

 34:1206. Wight, Ic. PL Ind. 

 Or., PL 45; Beddome, Fl. 

 sylvat. South Ind., 1:121; 

 f albot, For. Flor. Bombay, 

 fig. 124; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. 

 Pfl.-fam. III. 4, 193, fig. 112. 

 The pulp of the fr. which is 

 acid, is used for making 

 jellies somewhat similar to 

 black currant jelly. It is also 

 made into a kind of chutney 

 with oil, spices and salt by 

 the natives of India. The fls. 

 and Ivs. of this tree have an 

 odor of anis and are used as a stomachic. The com- 

 monly cult, species of Citrus can be grafted on this 

 plant and wood-apple seedlings are now being tested 

 as stocks by the U. S. Dept. of Agric. in Calif, and 

 Fla. and also in the greenhouses in Washington, D. C. 



WALTER T. SWINGLE. 



FERONIELLA (diminutive of Feronia, Roman god- 

 dess of forests). Rutacese, tribe Citreas, subtribe Fer- 

 oninse. Small much-branched spiny tree, related to 

 Feronia and suggested as a possible stock for citrous 

 fruits. 



Leaves odd-pinnate, persistent, 3-6-paired; rachis 

 cylindrical, sometimes narrowly winged; spines soli* 



1493. Flower and fruit 

 of Feroniella oblata. (FL 

 nat. size, fr. X %.) 



1494. Feroniella oblata. ( X %) 



tary, in the axils of the Ivs.: fls. in much-branched 

 axillary infl., perfect or by abortion male, usually 5- 

 parted, having 4 times as many stamens as petals; 

 filaments much longer than the anthers, dilated at base 

 and having a hairy appendix on the inner side; style 

 long, stigma cylindric, caducous; ovary at first 5-6- 

 celled, later becoming by confluence 1-celled : fr. spher- 

 ical or depressed globose, with a hard shell composed 

 of radially arranged prismatic elements; pulp edible; 

 seeds numerous, oblong or elliptical, with a smooth 

 crustaceous testa; cotyledons aerial in germination. 

 Two species are known. 



oblata, Swingle. KRASSANG. Figs. 1493, 1494. 

 Spiny tree, 25-65 ft. high, native to Cambodge and 

 Cochin-China: Ivs. odd-pinnate, 3-4-paired; Ifts. 

 covered with small whitish hairs, especially when young, 

 pellucid-punctate, oval or obovate, crenulate when 

 young, often emarginate, with a very short petiole; 

 rachis pubescent; fls. in many-fld. panicles, white, very 

 fragrant, usually 5-parted, with lanceolate pointed 

 petals; stamens 4 times the number of petals, anthers 

 large, oval, filaments joined together at the base by the 

 woolly pubescence of the appendices occurring on their 

 inner side: fr. borne in clusters of 3 or 4, flattened 

 spheroid, 2 to 2 1/3 m - diam.; pulp subacid, pinkish, 

 edible. 111. Swingle in Bui. Soc. Bot. de France, 

 59, pi. 18 and fig. a, p.. 778. Lecomte, Fl. gen. Indo- 

 Chine, 1 : 685, fig. 72, 1-5. This species occurs commonly 

 in the forests of Cambodia and is sometimes cult, by 

 the natives for its frs. which, when young, have a pro- 



