FRAXINUS 



FREESIA 



1277 



for forming arbors and shady seats. Gn. 39, p, 451; 

 68, p. 400. 



EE. Buds brown. 



F. Lfts. sessile or nearly so. 

 G. Number of Ifts. 3-5, rarely 7. 

 21. syriaca, Boiss. (F. sogdiana, Dipp., not Bunge. 

 F. turkestdnica, Carr.). In cult, usually small tree, the 

 branches with short internodes and Ivs. therefore 

 crowded, often in whorls of 3: Ifts. lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate, cuneate at the base, serrate, bright green and 

 quite glabrous on both sides, 1^-2}^ in. long: panicles 

 \Yi in. long: fr. usually obovate-oblong, obtuse. Syria 

 to Kurdistan. 



GG. Number of Ifts. 7-13. 

 22. oxyciirpa, Willd. (F. oxyphylla, Bieb. 



F. 



usually 9, ovate to oblong-ovate, serrate with incurved teeth, pubes- 

 cent on the veins below, 3-5 in. long: fr. oblanceolate. Japan. F. 

 raibocdrpa, Regel. Shrub: Ifts. 3-7, oblong or oblong-obovate, 

 usually entire, obtuse, 1-2 in. long: fr. strongly falcate with obo- 

 vate not decurrent wing. Turkestan, Bukhar. F. retiisa, Champ. 

 Allied to F. Mariesii. Tree: Ifts. about 5, ovate to ovate-lanceo- 

 late, glabrous, reticulate, 2-3 in. long. Hongkong. Var. Henryana, 

 Oliver. Shrub or tree, to 35 ft.: Ifts. slender-stalked, oblong to 

 lanceolate, serrulate, 3-5 in. long: panicle dense, 4-6 in. long: fr. 

 %-\ in. long, emarginate. Cent. China. H.I. 20:1930. Only the 

 variety is in cult. F. sogdi&na, Bunge. Allied to F. potamophila. 

 Lfts. 7-11, ovate-lanceolate, bright green: fr. 1 J in. long, obtuse or 

 emarginate. Turkestan. F. texensis, Sarg. Allied 

 to F. americana. Tree, to 40 ft. : Ifts. 5, broadly 

 oval or ovate, rounded or acute at the apex, 



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tamariscifblia, Hort., partly). Tree: Ifts. 7-11, ovate- 

 oblong to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, cuneate at 

 the base, sharply serrate, light green on both sides and 

 glabrous except along the midrib below, 13^-3 in. long: 

 fr. obovate-oblong, acute or obtusish, narrowed at the 

 base. May. S. Eu. to Persia. 



23. rotundifdlia, Mill. (F. parvifolia, Lam. F. len- 

 tiscifolia, Desf. F. tamariscifblia Hort., partly). Shrub 

 or small tree, to 15 ft., with slender, often purplish 

 branches: Ifts. 7-13, sessile, broadly oval to elliptic, 

 rarely obovate, acute, or rounded at the apex, ser- 

 rate, y<z-^Yi in. long: fr. oblong, obtuse or acute. W. 

 Asia, S. Eu. Var. pendula, Rehd. (F . parvifolia var. 

 pendula, Dipp.), with pendulous branches, forming a 

 graceful small weeping tree. 



FF. Lfts. distinctly stalked; stalk y*>-%in. long. 



24. potamophila, Herd. (F. Regelii, Dipp.). Small 

 tree, to 30 ft., with rather stout, upright branches: Ifts. 

 7-13, stalked, rhombic-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, ser- 

 rate, acute or acuminate, glabrous or sparingly pubes- 

 cent on the midrib below, 1-2 1 /% in. long: fr. oblanceo- 

 late-oblong, with decurrent wing, acute, 1 in. long. 

 Turkestan, Songaria. Handsome tree with round 

 head and dense small foliage. 



F. angustifdlia, Vahl. Closely related to F. oxycarpa. Lfts. 

 7-13, elliptic-lanceolate to lanceolate, serrate, ty-1% in. long: fr. 

 obtuse at the base. S. Eu., N. Afr., W. Asia. Var. australis, 

 Schneid. (F. australis, Gay). Lfts. below and rachis hairy. F. 

 argentea, Loisel., is a variety of F. Ornus, not in cult., but in gar- 

 dens often other ashes, especially variegated forms, are cult, under 

 this name. F. australis, Gay=F. angustifolia var. australis. F. 

 Berlandieriana, DC. Allied to F. lanceolata. Tree, to 70 f t. : Ifts. 3^5, 

 ovate or obovate, serrate, downy along the veins beneath, to 4 in. 

 long. Texas to Mex. 8.8.6:273. F. bracteata, Hemsl.=F. Griffithii. 

 F. coriacea, Wats. Allied to F. velutina. Tree, to 30 ft. : Ifts. 5, sub- 

 coriaceous, ovate to oblong, acute, broadly cuneate or rounded at the 

 base, glabrous or pubescent below. S. Calif, to Utah, Ariz., Nev. S.S. 

 14:713. F. dimorpha, Coss. & Dur.=F. xanthoxyloides var. 

 dimorpha. F. dipetala, Hook. & Am. Allied to F. cuspidata. Shrub: 

 Ifts. 5-7, elliptic or ovate, serrate or entire, H~2 in. long: fls. with 

 2 obovate petals. Calif., Mex. S.S. 6:261. Tender. F. floribiinda, 

 Wall. Allied to F. longicuspis. Tree, to 40 ft.: Ifts. 5-7, ovate- 

 lanceolate, serrate, reticulate beneath, 2-4 in. long: panicles large, 

 to 10 in. long; petals oblong. Himalayas. Tender. F. floridana, 

 Sarg.=F. pauciflora. F. Greggii, Gray. Allied to F. cuspidata. 

 Small tree: Ifts. 3-7, oblong-obovate, crenately serrate, or entire, 

 Yy-l in. long: fr. linear-oblong, emarginate. S.S. 6:262. G.F. 

 2:451. F. Griffithii, Clarke (F. bracteata, Hemsl.). Allied to F. 

 Mariesii. Tree, to 40 ft. : Ifts. 5-7, subcoriaceous, elliptic to ovate- 

 lanceolate, lustrous above, bright green below and pubescent on the 

 veins, 2-4 in. long: infl. 6-8 in. high, with persistent lanceolate 

 bracts; petals 4: fr. spatulate. Cent. China, Himalayas, Java. 

 F. holotricha, Koehne. Allied to F. potamophila. Tree: Ifts. 9-13, 

 ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, pubescent on both sides, 1 J^-3 in. 

 long: fls. in 10-fld. racemes; ovary pubescent. Origin unknown. 

 F. hybrida, Lingelsh. =F. pauciflora. F. pauciflora, Nutt. (F. 

 floridana, Sarg. F. hybrida, Lingelsh.). Allied to F. caroliniana. 

 Tree, to 40 ft.: Ifts. 3-5, oblong, acuminate, cuneate at the base, 

 tomentose below: fr. oblong-lanceolate, rounded or emarginate at 

 the apex. Ga. to Fla. S.S. 14:717. F. Paxidna, Lingelsh. Allied 

 to P. longicuspis. Tree, to 40 ft.: Ifts. 7-9, sessile, ovate, crenulate, 

 4-7 in. long: panicle large and dense: fr. 1-1 J4 in. long, J^in. 

 broad. Cent. China, Himalayas. F. platypoda, Oliver. Allied to 

 F. americana. Tree: petioles enlarged and winged at the base; 

 Ifts. 5-7, ovate-lanceolate, finely serrate, hairy along the midrib 

 below, 24 in.: fr. narrow-oblong, acute. Cent. China. H.I. 

 20:1929. F. pro/undo, Bush. Allied to F. pennsylvanica. Lfts. 

 7-9, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, entire, 3-6 in. long, tomentose 

 beneath: fr. 2-23^ in., with decurrent wing. Ind., Ark., to Fla. S.S. 

 14:714-5. F. pubinSrvis, Blume. Allied to F. longicuspis. Lfts. 



1578. Freesia refracts, 

 as it was in 1816, with a 

 modern flower of var. 

 alba at the left. (XI) 



l^-2^in. long. Texas. S.S. 

 6 : 270. F . Theophrdstii, Nouv. 

 Duh., is a variety of F. Ornus, 

 but in gardens other forms are 

 sometimes cult, under this 

 name. F. xanthoxyloides, Wall. 

 Shrub or small tree, to 25 ft.: 

 rachis narrowly winged; Ifts. 

 5-9, oblong, crenulate-serrate, 

 glabrous, Yr-\Yi in. long: fls. 

 from axillary leafless buds, usu- 

 ally perfect, with calyx: fr. 

 oblong. Himalayas. Var. di- 

 morpha, Lingelsh. (F. dimorpha, 

 Coss. & Dur.). Lfts. sessile, 

 roundish oval to oblong, pubes- 

 cent on the midrib below. N. Afr. Var. dumdsa, Lingelsh. (F. dimor- 

 pha var. dumosa, Carr.). A low shrubby form of the preceding 

 variety, with small Ifts. This species belongs to the section 

 Sciadanthus, having perfect apetalous fls. with calyx. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



FREESIA (name unexplained, perhaps personal). 

 Iridacese. Popular "bulbs" for fall planting and winter 

 blooming, and next to the Chinese narcissus, which may 

 be grown in water, they flourish in home windows with 

 less care than most other bulbs; they are also much- 

 prized florists' plants; easily grown, attractive, and 

 fragrant. 



Cormous plants, with plane narrow Ivs. at the base 

 and somewhat on the sts., and showy fls. in small clus- 

 ters at the top of the slender st. : perianth tubular and 

 funnel-shaped, the segms. more or less unequal; sta- 

 mens 3, inserted in the tube, the anthers linear; ovary 

 ovoid or oblong, 3-celled, with crowded ovules, the 

 style filiform and the branches 2-fid (Tritonia, closely 

 allied, has simple style-branches): fr. a loculicidal 3- 

 valved caps., bearing turgid seeds. ^S. Afr., probably 

 2 or 3 original species, but the specific limits difficult 

 of determination. 



Freesias have well-shaped tubular flowers, white or 

 pale yellow. The five to seven flowers are upright and 

 attached along a jointed axis which is suddenly bent 

 back almost at right angles to the vertical peduncle. 

 The popularity of freesias is a growth of the last 

 quarter century or more, although they have been in 

 cultivation since 1816 or earlier. Conservative botanists 

 now suppose that the usual garden freesias are all origi- 

 nally of one stock, which species should be called F. 



