1312 



GALIUM 



GARCINIA 



high, erect, strict: Ivs. %-\% in. long; apex not bristle- 

 tipped: panicle ample: fr. usually minutely bristly. 

 Rocky soil, Que. to Alaska and south to Pa. and Colo. 

 Useful in rockeries and flower-beds. 



BB. Lvs. in 8's or 6's, oblanceolate to linear. 

 Molltlgo, Linn. WILD MADDER. WHITE or GREAT 

 HEDGE BEDSTRAW. Perennial, smooth: sts. erect or 

 diffuse, 1-3 ft. high, mostly in clumps: Ivs. ^-1 in. 

 long, bristle-tipped, 1 -nerved : panicle ample: fr. smooth. 

 Eu., but a weed in fields in the eastern states. This 

 plant is known in some places as "baby's breath," but 

 this name is properly given to gypsophila. 



K. M. WlEGAND. 



GALPHIMIA (anagram of Malpighia). Malpighia- 

 cese. Woody plants, sparingly introduced in Florida 

 and southern California. 



Shrubs or subshrubs: Ivs. opposite, small, slightly 

 glaucous on both sides or beneath, entire or obscurely 

 toothed, glandular at the margin or base of blade or at 

 the tip of the If .-stalk: clusters terminal; fls. yellow or 

 reddish; calyx without glands; petals toothed, clawed, 

 spreading: fr. a 3-parted caps., not winged. Species 

 15 or more, from S. Texas to Brazil, largely Mexican. 

 Little known as cult, plants, although a few species 

 have been mentioned in hort. literature abroad, and 

 the two following are listed in Calif. G. brasiliensis, 

 A. Juss. Shrub: Ivs. ovate or lanceolate, about 1 in. 

 long, reddish, glabrous, glaucous beneath: fls. small, 

 yellow, in short lax panicles, said to be bright in winter 

 in Calif.; pedicels jointed at base; petals ovate-lanceo- 

 late, obtuse, scarcely twice longer than calyx. Brazil. 

 G. hirsuta, Cav. Shrub: Ivs. bright green, ovate, 

 acute, twice larger than in preceding, hairy both sides: 

 fls. larger, in longer panicles, yellow. Mex., 

 where it is known as "ramo de oro." G. nitida, 

 cult, in Fla., is apparently G. glauca, Cav. 

 (Thrydttis glaiica, Kuntze), native from Mex. to 

 Panama and naturalized in the W. Indies. See 

 Thryallis, with which Galphimia is combined by 

 recent students. L. H. B. 



GALTONIA (after Sir Francis Galton, the dis- 

 tinguished author and anthropologist, 1822-1911). 

 Liliacex. GIANT SUMMER HYACINTH. Large and 

 handsome Cape bulbs, of three species, one of them 

 being cultivated in the open for summer bloom. 



Scape or peduncle, 2-4 ft. high, from a tuni- 

 cated bulb: Ivs. long and large, more or less 

 fleshy, all from the crown: fls. white or tinged 

 green, large, in an open raceme,; perianth-tube 

 short, oblong or club-shaped; stamens 6, with 

 linear-oblong versatile anthers: fr. an oblong 3- 

 valved caps., containing many angled black 

 seeds. The genus differs from Hyacinthus mainly 

 by its more numerous and 

 flattened crowded seeds. 

 The other 2 species are 

 inferior to the following, 

 which was intro. by Leicht- 

 lin in the early seventies 

 of last century, and now 

 holds a permanent place in 

 horticulture. The plants 

 prefer a rich, open, moist 

 soil. 



candicans, Decne. 

 ( Hyadnthus cdndicans, 

 Baker). Fig. 1619. Bulb 

 large, round, coated: Ivs. 

 4-6, lorate-lanceolate, 2^ 

 ft. long: scape often 4 ft. 

 high; racemes 20-30-fld.; 

 fls. fragrant, pure white, 

 1-1 J^ in. long, the tube 

 oblong; stamens about 



1619. Summer hyacinth, 

 Galtonia candicans. 



Kin. long, inserted high in the tube. F.S. 21:2173. 

 G.C. 1871 : 380, desc. ; 1872 : 1099 ; II. 15 : 273. G. 28 : 687. 

 Gn. 62, p. 361; 64, p. 158; 69, p. 163. J.H. III. 45:262; 

 47:583. R.H. 1882, p. 32. P.G. 3:101. A.G. 17:281. 

 The plants should be heavily mulched if left put- 

 doors where winters are severe. In favored localities 

 the bulbs may be left for several years with increas- 

 ingly better results. Large clumps are desirable. 



G. clavdta, Baker. Bulb ovoid, 3-4 in. diam.: Ivs. 6-8, soft, 

 2-2% ft. long, with whitish margin: scape 2 ft., bearing a lax 

 raceme; fls. with a clavate tube which is 1 in. long and which is 

 twice as long as the segms. B.M. 6885. G. prlnceps, Decne. 

 Much like G. candicans, but fls. fewer and raceme shorter: 

 stamens inserted below middle of tube. y TI fi + 



GAMOGYNE (name refers to the united ovaries). 

 Aracese. Two erect small herbs from the Malaysian 

 region, bearing attractive colored inclined spathes: Ivs. 

 narrow, thickish, tapering into petiole : spadix included 

 in the spathe: fls. apetalous; anthers truncate; ovaries 

 united. G. pulchra, N. E. Br. Peduncles erect, terete, 

 reddish brown, about 6 in. long: spathe bright crimson, 

 about 1 % in. long, spreading or almost nodding, closed 

 except at top: stigmas red: spadix with neuter organs 

 at base. B.M. 8330. G. Burbidgei, N. E. Br. Spathe 

 less brightly colored: stigmas greenish yellow: spadix 

 with neuter organs between the male and female parts. 



GAMOLEPIS (Greek for united scales; referring to 

 the involucre). Composite. Flower-garden plants. 



Leaves alternate and mostly pinnatisect: peduncles 

 1-headed, the heads bearing 1 series of yellow, pistillate 

 rays, the disk-fls. perfect: achenes without pappus, 

 wingless and glabrous. About a dozen S. African 

 herbs or small shrubs, somewhat allied botanically to 

 Chrysanthemum . 



Tagetes, DC. (G. dnmia, Less.). Fig. 1620. An- 

 nual, of wiry growth, a foot or less high, much 

 branched and very floriferous: Ivs. pinnate or pin- 

 nately parted, 5-7 lobes or Ifts. on either side of the 

 rachis and Ifts. entire or lobed: involucre nearly or 

 quite urn-shaped, the scales joined more than half 

 then* length; fls.-heads bright yellow or orange, 

 %hi. across. R.H. 1896, p. 412. Gn. 25, p. 407 (both 

 as G. Tagetes). Hardy or half-hardy. Of easiest 

 cult, from seeds in sunny places, and most excellent 

 for ribbon borders and for low mass effects. Con- 

 tinuous bloomer. , jj 3. 



GARClNIA (Laurence Garcin, who lived and col- 

 lected in India, and wrote in the eighteenth cen- 

 tury). Guttiferae. This genus includes the mango- 

 steen, which is declared by some connoisseurs to 

 be one of the most luscious of all tropical fruits; 

 also the gamboge tree, whose resinous juice yields 

 a well-known pigment and purgative. 



Garcinia is a polymorphous genus of upward 

 of 150 species in the tropics of Asia, Africa and 

 Polynesia. The species are glabrous trees, usually 

 with a yellow juice: Ivs. evergreen, opposite or ter- 

 nate, simple, often thick: 

 fls. solitary or fascicled, 

 polygamous or dioecious; 

 sepals and petals 4; sta- 

 mens in .male fl. many, 

 2- or 3-delphous; female 

 fls. with staminodia; ovary 

 2- to many-celled, with 

 sessile stigma and solitary 

 ovule in each cell. The 

 mangosteen is cultivated 

 in the West Indies; the 

 gamboge tree is also cult, 

 in S. Fla.; it is a broad- 

 leaved tree of slow growth. 

 The mangosteen is about 

 the size and shape of an 



