GENTIANA 



GENTIANA 



1327 



appendages often found between the corolla-lobes in 

 other species. July, Aug. Moist places. E. N. Amer. 

 B.M. 6421. B.B. 2:616. Gn. 27:86. G.W. 4, p. 549. 

 F.W. 1879:33. L.B.C. 9:815 (erroneously as G. Sapo- 

 naria). A white-fld. form is cult, but very rare. For 

 cult., see G. Pneumonanthe. 



23. linearis, Froel. (G. pseudo-Pneumondnthe, Schult.). 

 St. strict, 1-2 ft. high: fls. blue, 1-5 in the terminal 

 cluster; corolla narrowly funnel-shaped; lobes erect, 

 roundish ovate, obtuse, a little longer than the triangu- 

 lar, acute, entire or 1-2-toothed appendages. Bogs, 

 N. Amer. B.B. 2:617. 



24. pyrenaica, Linn. St. tufted, about as long as the 

 fl., often forming mats: Ivs. with a cartilaginous, . sca- 

 brous margin: fls. solitary, dark blue; corolla funnel- 

 or nearly bowl-shaped, as long as or exceeding the 

 corolla which is about 1 in. long. May, June. Eu., 

 Asia Minor. B.M. 5742. Very distinct and dainty. 

 Cult, like G. verna. 



25. prostr&ta, Haenke (Chondrophylla americdna, 

 Nelson). Annual, dwarf: Ivs. white-margined: fls. 

 azure-blue, solitary and terminal, the parts in 4's; 

 corolla salver-form, in fruit inclosing the long-stalked 

 caps. W. N. Amer. Alpine. 



26. scabra, Bunge. St. erect, leafy, rough-hairy 

 above: basal Ivs. almost perfoliate, ovate, acute, faintly 

 3-nerved, the margins rough toothed: fls. dark blue, 

 clustered; corolla bell-shaped. E. Asia. G. Fortunei is 

 considered a variety by recent authorities. (G.C. III. 

 47:136). Var. Buergeri (G. Buergeri, Miq.) is 

 advertised by Yokohama Nursery Co. It differs in 

 having a narrower corolla with shorter and more trian- 

 gular lobes. Probably not in Amer. except in botanic 

 gardens. 



27. F6rtunei, Hook. Lvs. rather distant, 3-nerved: 

 terminal fls. rather clustered; corolla-lobes blue, spotted 

 white; outside of tube green; plaits blue, terminated by 

 3-toothed appendages, much shorter than the corolla- 

 lobes. China. B.M. 4776. F.S. 9:947. I.H. 1:36. 

 Now thought to be a variety of G. scabra, but not so 

 considered by Miquel. 



28. septemfida, Pall. Lvs. lanceolate ("ovate," 

 according to Grisebach), 3-5-nerved: fls. dark blue, in 

 head-like cymes; calyx-lobes linear; corolla club-shaped. 

 July-Oct. N. Asia, Orient. B.M. 1229 and 1410 (both 

 purple outside and dotted brown within; the lobes of 

 the latter spotted white). G. 34:773. L.B.C. 1:89. 

 Gn. 54, p. 37. P.M. 8:51. Not F.S. 8:765. G. Frey- 

 nidna, Hort., is said to differ from the type in having 

 larger fls. which are less prominently fringed between 

 the segms. of the corolla. G.C. III. 46:202. Gn. 75, 

 p. 421; 77, p. 168. Var. cordifdlia, Boiss. (G. cordifolia, 

 C. Koch), has heart-shaped Ivs.: corolla-tube greenish 

 white outside, unspotted within; lobes narrower, 

 unspotted. B.M. 6497. P.M. 7:5 (erroneously as G. 

 gelidd) . The name septemfida is misleading, as 7-lobed 

 corollas are very rare. Cult, like G. lutea. 



29. affinis, Griseb. Sts. clustered, 3-9 in. high: 

 lower Ivs. obovate-oblong; upper Ivs. lanceolate, 

 acutish: fls. dark blue, in thyrsoid-racemose clusters, a 

 few or sometimes solitary; calyx-lobes oblong-linear 

 and sharp-pointed; corolla narrowly obconical, open, 

 the lobes spreading. N. W. Amer. Gn. 46, p. 77 and 

 48, p. 139. B.B. 2:615 (where corolla-lobes are pic- 

 tured erect, but said to be spreading). Cult, like G. 

 Pneumonanthe . 



30. Olivieri, Griseb. (G. dahurica, Fisch., which is 

 probably the oldest name). Fls. dark blue, in umbel- 

 like cymes; corolla narrowly obconical; plaits trian- 

 gular, nearly entire. June-Aug. Mountain pastures, 

 Asia.- By recent authority referred to G. decumbens, 

 but differing from that species only in having equal 

 calyx-lobes. Cult, like G. lutea Useful in the rockery, 

 but will not grow well in the hot dry summer of E. U. S. 



31. Porphyrio, J. F. Gmel. (G. angustifolia, Michx., 

 not Vill.). Lvs. narrowly linear: fls. blue, somewhat 

 brown-dotted (also a snow-white variety with a greenish 

 hue outside); corolla funnel-shaped; anthers connivent 

 but never connected. July, Aug. Moist pine-barrens, 

 N. Amer. B.B. 2:618. Cult, like G. Pneumonanthe. 



32. ornata, Wall. Branches many from the same 

 root: Ivs. broadly linear: fls. solitary, blue, streaked; 

 calyx-lobes spreading; corolla ventricose, about 1-1 M 

 in. long; lobes very short, spreading. Himalayas. 

 B.M. 6514 and 8140. G.C. II. 20:396; 111.46:179. 

 Gn. 59, p. 249. A form that differs from the type in 

 being more robust, with larger fls. and broader corolla- 

 lobes which are "intense blue," is offered as G. Veitch- 

 ibrum, Hemsl. It is a native of W. China, "where it 

 covers large areas," according to E. H. Wilson (Natural- 

 ist in Western China, 1 : 139), its discoverer. Intro, 

 into England in 1904. Alpine. Gn. 73, p. 479. G.C. 

 111.46:178. 



33. trifldra, Pall. St. erect: Ivs. oblong-linear, blunt: 

 fls. solitary, dark blue, the calyx 5-toothed, acute, 

 and elongate; corolla club-shaped or bell-shaped, the 

 anthers free. E. Siberia. Probably not now in cult, in 

 Amer. outside of botanic gardens. 



34. sceptrum, Griseb. An erect, leafy perennial, 

 from 2-4 ft. high: Ivs. oblong-lanceolate: fls. dark blue; 

 corolla bell-shaped, about 1 in. long: seeds winged on 

 one side according to Grisebach, but Gray says not 

 winged. Aug., Sept. N. W. Amer. Cult, like G. lutea, 

 except that it requires half shade and a rather peaty 

 soil. 



35. calycdsa, Griseb. About 1 ft. high: Ivs. ovate, 

 about %in. long, the 2 upper commonly involucrate 

 around the fl.: fls. dark blue, commonly solitary, 

 according to Gray; corolla oblong -funnel -shaped; 

 appendages triangular-awl-shaped, laciniate or 2-cleft 

 at the tip. N. W. Amer. G.M. 47:541. 



36. Parryi, Engelm. Sts. many, from a rather 

 woody root, about 9 in. tall: Ivs. somewhat glaucous, 

 ovate to oblong-lanceolate, the upper pairs involucrate 

 around the 1-5 purple-blue fls.: appendages narrow, 

 deeply 2-cleft. N. W. Amer. 



37. Kurrod, Royle. St. tufted, as high as 7 in.: 

 lower Ivs. lanceolate, upper linear: fls. blue, spotted 

 white inside, 1-3 on a st.; corolla bell-shaped. Hima- 

 layas. Gn. 17:264. B.M. 6470. Var. brevidens has 

 shorter calyx-lobes. J.H. III. 30:3. 



38. Newberryi, Gray. St. 2-4 in. high: lower Ivs. 

 obovate or spatulate: fls. pale blue, white inside, green- 

 ish dotted; calyx-lobes oblong or lanceolate, nearly as 

 long as the tube; corolla broadly funnel-shaped, its 

 lobes ovate and sharp-pointed. N.W. Amer. Alpine. 



39. Bigelovii, Gray. St. 6-16 in. high, equally leafy 

 to the summit: fls. purple; corolla more narrowly 

 funnelform and smaller than in G. affinis. July, Aug. 

 New Mex., Colo. B.M. 6874. "Soon forms large 

 clumps, often with 40-50 sts. from a single plant, each 

 bearing 10-20 bright blue fls." D. M. Andrews. 



40. oregana, Engelm. Height 1-2 ft.: Ivs. ovate or 

 ovate-oblong, 1-1 1/2 in. long: fls. blue, a few at the sum- 

 mit or several and loosely racemose; corolla broadly 

 funnel-shaped, over 1 in. long; lobes short, roundish. 

 July, Aug. N. W. Amer. 



41. puberula, Michx. Perennial, usually solitary- 

 stemmed herb from 8-18 in. tall: Ivs. oblong-lanceo- 

 late to lanceolate-linear: fls. blue, sessile or nearly so in 

 the upper axils; corolla open-funnel-shaped, 1^-2 in. 

 long; lobes ovate. E. N. Amer. B.B. 2:615. 



42. pannonica, Scop. A tall stout perennial: lower 

 Ivs. broadly elliptical, 5-nerved, margin scabrous; 

 upper ones ovate-lanceolate, also 5-nerved: fls. purple 

 above; calyx 5-7-cut; corolla leathery, distinctly 

 spotted; anthers connate at first, finally free. .Eu. 



