GYMNOSPORIA 



GYNURA 



1421 



cymes dense, short-peduncled. Afr. B.M. 2070 (as 

 Celastrus cymosus) and 2114 (as C. buxifolius inermis). 

 G. variabilis, Loes. Lvs. oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 

 acute, serrulate, 2-3^ in. long: cymes slender, much 

 shorter than Ivs.: caps. 3^-/^in. across. Cent. China. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



GYMNOSTACHYS (Greek, naked spike, the scape 

 being leafless). Aracese. One interesting tuberous- 

 rooted herb with grass-like radical Ivs., from Queens- 

 land and New S. Wales, sometimes grown in choice 

 greenhouse collections, G. dnceps, R. Br. Scape 1 to 

 nearly 3 feet tall, flattened, slender: spikes 1-3 in. long, 

 slender and curved or drooping, in small clusters near 

 the apex, with a leafy bract subtending each cluster; 

 fls. small and sessile; perianth-segms. 4, obovate and 

 not exceeding the ovary; stamens 4: fr. a berry % or 

 Kin. long. L. H. B. 



GYMNOSTACHYUM (naked spike). Acanthacese. 

 Some of the plants of this name are Fittonias (which 

 see). G. ceyldnicum, Arn. & Nees, is by Lindau (Engler 

 <fe Prantl Pflanzenfamilien) referred to Cryptophrag- 

 mium, becoming C. ceylanicum, O. Kuntze, but by 

 Bentham & Hooker is retained in the former genus. It 

 is an erect herb from Ceylon, suitable for growing in 

 the hothouse for its white-marked Ivs. and small whitish 

 fls. in clusters: Ivs. opposite, oval or obovate, obtuse, 

 somewhat serrate. B.M. 4706. J.F. 4:405. L. H. B. 



GYMNOTHRIX: Pennisetum. 



GYNANDROPSIS (Greek words: the stamens look 

 as if they were borne on the ovary). Capparidacex. 

 Annual herbs grown out-of-doors. 



This genus includes a tender plant with 5-7 Ifts., 

 and fls. resembling the spider flower, or Cleome. It is 

 known to the trade at present as a Cleome, but Gynan- 

 dropsis is distinguished by having a long torus (or 

 receptacle), which is produced into a slender body (or 

 gynophore) which is elongated at the middle, and bears 

 the pistil to which the filaments are united. Cleome has 

 a short torus, which often has an appendix on the back: 

 stamens about 6 in Gynandropsis : in Cleome 4-6, 

 often 10: Ifts. 3-7: fls. white or purplish; sepals decidu- 

 ous; petals entire or crenulate, obovate, with a slender 

 claw: fr. a silique, usually inclosed within the calyx; 

 seeds kidney-shaped or orbicular, compressed, with a 

 wrinkled or tubercled coat. The species of Gynandrop- 

 sis are perhaps a dozen, in the warmer parts of the 

 world. Pedicellaria is an older name for the genus, but 

 it is not accepted by the "nomina conservanda" of the 

 Vienna code. For cult., see Cleome. 



speciosa, DC. (Cleome speciosa, HBK.). Stiff annual, 

 or perhaps a perennial, usually about 2 ft. and rather 

 velvety toward the top: Ifts. 5-7, subserrulate, oblong, 

 acuminate: fls. violet, showy. Mex. 



WILHELM MILLER. 



N. TAYLOR.f 



GYNERIUM (Greek, gune, woman, and erion, wool). 

 Gramineae. Very large perennial grasses with broad, 

 sword-like blades and plume-like dioecious inflorescence. 



Spikelets 2-fld., the florets equal, the rachilla not 

 produced beyond the upper floret; glumes of staminate 

 spikelets equal, of the pistillate spikelets unequal, the 

 upper twice as long as the lower; culms perennial, with 

 extensively creeping rhizomes, the plants growing 

 gregariously in large masses or areas in their native 

 habitat: Ivs. rather evenly distributed along the sts., 

 the sheaths about equal, the blades as much as 3 in. 

 wide. One species in Trop. Amer. Cortaderia of 

 Stapf differs in the 3^6-fld. spikelets, the upper florets 

 more or less reduced, in the equal glumes in both sexes, 

 in the biennial culms with only very short rhizomes, the 

 plants thus growing in large tussocks; in the Ivs., 

 scarcely J^in. wide, being crowded at the base of the 

 plant, the sheaths increasing in length from base 



upward. The difference in appearance between the 

 staminate and pistillate plumes is much more marked 

 in Gynerium than in Cortaderia. 



saccharoides, Humb. & Bonpl. UVA-GRASS. Culms 

 perennial, as much as 40 ft. high: on the sterile shoots 

 the Ivs. are aggregated, fan-like at the summit; on 

 the fertile sts. they are scattered along the middle, 

 the basal and upper portions being naked: plume 

 white or tawny. B.M. 7352. Cult, for ornament, the 

 plumes resembling those of pampas grass. Not hardy 

 outside the tropics. For pampas grasses see Cortaderia 

 and Pampas-Grass. A. S. HITCHCOCK. 



GYNOPOGON (Greek, bearded stigma). Apocy- 

 nacese. Syn. Alyxia. Interesting tropical woody plants, 

 worth cultivating under glass. 



The genus was established in 1776 by Forster, based 

 upon G. stellatus of Tahiti, and is now known to include 

 at least 50 species distributed in the islands of the 

 Pacific, Madagascar, Austral, and Trop. Asia. Ever- 

 green trees or shrubs, erect or twining, nearly all of 

 which have the agreeable fragrance of coumarin, with 

 entire, short-petioled, glossy, myrtle-like Ivs., usually 

 in whorls of 3 or 4, or sometimes opposite: fls. usually 

 fragrant, axillary or terminal, solitary or in umbellate 

 or spicate cymes; calyx 5- or 4-cleft; corolla salver- 

 shaped, its tube cylindrical, swollen above the middle, 

 or slightly contracted at the throat, without scales, 

 the 5 or 4 lobes sinistrose; anthers subsessile, as many 

 as the lobes of the corolla and alternate with them, 

 inserted on the tube; ovary of 2 distinct carpels united 

 by a single style with a capitate, or oblong stigma often 

 bearing hairs on its upper surface; ovules 4-6 in each 

 carpel in 2 series: fr. generally a single ovoid or oblong 

 drupe, usually monihform, consisting of 2 or more 

 1-seeded joints placed end to end, sometimes both 

 carpels maturing in the same fl., when the fr. becomes 

 geminate, as in many other Apocynaceae; seeds ovoid or 

 oblong, furrowed on the ventral side, remarkable for 

 their ruminate endosperm with erect embryo, in which 

 respect they differ from those of other Apocynacese and 

 agree with Annonaceze. Plants of this genus may be 

 prop, by seeds or cuttings. They are worthy of cult, hi 

 the conservatory, on account of their dark green lus- 

 trous foliage and their fragrant jasmine-like fls. 



olivaeformis, Safford (Alyxia oliv&formis, Gaud.). 

 MAILE. A straggling or somewhat twining shrub with 

 opposite and ternate Ivs., blades ovate to oblong, obtuse 

 or acuminate at both ends, coriaceous glossy, with 

 evanescent veins and margins usually revolute over 

 an intramarginal nerve: peduncles axillary, 3- or 4-fld.; 

 corolla yellowish, salver-shaped, the tube slightly 

 dilated below the contracted throat, puberulous within 

 along the adnate filaments, limb 4- or rarely 5-lobed: 

 drupes often geminate, fleshy black, elliptic-oblong, 

 sometimes curved, acuminate at each end. Hawaiian 

 Isls., in the woods of the lower and middle regions. 

 This is perhaps the most cherished plant of the Hawai- 

 ians, who weave its fragrant glossy foliage into garlands, 

 or leis, with which to adorn their friends, and with its 

 branches decorate their houses and lanais on festive 

 occasions; and they also celebrate its fragrance in their 

 songs. Other allied species are the laumaile of Samoa 

 (Gynopogon bracteolosus), the nanago or Loduson lahe of 

 the island of Guam (Gynopogon Torresianus), and the 

 maire of Tahiti (Gynopogon stellatus). 



W. E. SAFFORD. 



GYNURA (name refers to the tailed stigmas). Com- 

 posite. Tropical herbs, sometimes grown under glass 

 for the large showy foliage. 



Rarely subshrubby: Ivs. alternate, entire or lobed, 

 numerous: heads discoid, the florets commonly all 

 fertile, not very showy; involucre cylindrical or some- 

 what bell-shaped, the narrow bracts in about 1 series: 

 achene narrow, 5-10-striate, with copious slender 



