HEDGES 



HEDYSARUM 



1441 



Spiraeas. Deciduous shrubs. A group of beautiful 

 flowering shrubs adapted for use as low hedges North 

 and South and promising for use in the semi-arid regions. 

 Spirsea Bumalda var. Anthony Water er would make a 

 hedge 2 feet high with flat-topped pink blossoms in 

 early summer. Spirsea Thunbergii grows 5 feet high 

 with white flowers in early spring. It has fine foliage, 

 but the tips of the branches are apt to winterkill even 

 as far south as Virginia and Missouri. Spirsea Van 

 Houttei is white, about intermediate between the other 

 two in season. The finest of the spireas in flower. It 

 has beautiful foliage and is adapted for hedges. 



Syringas (lilacs). Deciduous shrubs. A group of 

 beautiful flowering shrubs adapted to all parts of the 

 United States, some species being especially promising 

 for the semi-arid regions. Syringa amurensis is espe- 

 cially well adapted for use on the Great Plains. It 

 grows 10 feet high. Syringa persica is about as adapta- 

 ble as the last but more dwarf, growing but 5 feet high. 

 Syringa vulgaris has many named varieties, both double 

 and single, in a wide range of colors and habit of 

 growth. 



Thea Bohea (Chinese tea plant). Broad-leaved ever- 

 green. Low-growing. Blooms in winter. Useful near 

 the seacoast from Charleston, South Carolina, to 

 Texas. 



Thuya occidentalis (arbor- vite). A coniferous ever- 

 green with many forms, of which the type is as useful 

 as any for hedge purposes. Adapted to all sections of 

 the United States. Much used and deservedly so. 



Thuya orientalis (Chinese arbor-vitie; Biota). Conif- 

 erous evergreen with many forms. Useful over nearly 

 the same range as the foregoing. 



Tsuga canadensis (hemlock). Coniferous evergreen. 

 Useful for low and high hedges and screens to 50 feet. 

 Adapted to moist and medium soils in the northern 

 half of the United States. One of the handsomest in 

 the regions in which it thrives. 



Viburnums. Deciduous and evergreen shrubs. 

 Many-berried and handsome. Among the desirable 

 deciduous species that thrive all over the United States 

 except in the extreme South and the drier regions are 

 V. cassinoides, V. dentatum, V. nudum, V. Opulus, V. 

 plicatum, and V. prunifolium. The handsome ever- 

 green species V. Tinus is tender and not likely to succeed 

 north of the Carolinas and the Gulf States, but where it 

 succeeds it is most desirable. p\ L, MULFORD. 



HEDRjEANTHUS, HEDRANTHUS: Wahlenbergia. 



HEDYCHIUM (Greek, sweet snow; the large white 

 flowers are sweet-scented). Zingiberdcese. BUTTER- 

 FLY LILY. GINGER LILY. GARLAND FLOWER. Leafy, 

 rhizomatous herbs allied to Kaempferia and ginger, 

 grown under glass and in the open far South. 



Flowers in a terminal spike or thyrse; calyx tubular, 

 more or less 3-lobed at the summit; corolla-tube slen- 

 der, scarcely longer than the calyx, all half concealed 

 by the usually showy bracts; upper corolla-segm. often 

 enlarged and lip-like; stamen 1, with a 2-loculed 

 anther surrounding the style; staminodia always 

 present, usually well developed. Thirty-eight tropical 

 species, Asian and one Madagascar. From the ginger 

 Hedychium differs in having broad, almost petal-like 

 staminodia, which in Zingiber is minute or lacking. 

 The best botanical account is by K. Schumann in 

 Engler's Pflanzenreich, hft. 20 (1904). 



Hedychiums are strong-growing plants, very orna- 

 mental, both in foliage and in flower. They are essen- 

 tially fall bloomers, although they may be made to 

 bloom more or less continuously under glass. After 

 blooming, gradually dry off the rhizomes, and let them 

 rest for a time. Pot them up in spring or early summer, 

 and give them rich soil and plenty of water and an 

 occasional supply of liquid manure. The rhizomes may 

 be divided every two or three years. They need an 



92 



abundance of water. In fact, the pots may be set half 

 their depth in water, and H. coronarium is often 

 immersed until only the crown is emersed. The com- 

 mon white-flowered species is H. coronarium. This 

 requires warmhouse treatment for best results, although 

 it often flowers well when plunged in a warm, half- 

 shady place in the open. The species do not stand frost, 

 but they may be left out in the South if well protected. 

 The flowers are very fragrant; in fact, their odor may 

 be too heavy for a small room. 



A. Fls. white. 



coronarium, Koenig. Three to 6 ft.: Ivs. canna-like, 

 green, pointed, smooth above, hairy beneath: fls. very 

 large (3-4 in. across), long-tubed, pure white or the lip 

 sometimes blotched green, the 3 outer segms. narrow, 

 the lip large and erect and more or less lobed. Trop. 

 Asia, and naturalized in some parts of Trop. Amer. 

 B.M. 708. L.B.C. 6:507. Handsome and worthy. 

 Needs warm quarters. Said to have been sold as 

 Myrosma carnsefolia, but that name belongs to a wholly 

 different plant. 



thyrsif orme, Hamilton. Usually 5 ft. tall : If. sometimes 

 1 ft. long and 3-4 in. wide, finely hairy and pale 

 beneath: spike very dense, the lower empty bracts 

 ovate, the upper and fl.-bearing cylindric, green, about 

 1J/2 m -5 corolla-tube not much longer than the bract, 

 its segms. linear, white; lip distinctly clawed. Trop. 

 Himalaya. B.R. 767 (as H. heteromallum) . Not much 

 known, but advertised (1914) by Montarioso Nursery. 



AA. Fls. yellow or red. 



B. Infl. usually broader than long. 



flavum, Roxbg. About 5 ft. tall: Ivs. sessile, oblong, 



glabrous above, pale and hairy beneath: spike dense, 



the bracts broadly ovate or elliptic; fls. large, 



orange; corolla-tube cylindrical, 2% in. long; segms. 



spreading, the outer ones linear and acute and an inch 



or so long, the Up very large and rounded, retuse; 



stamen not exserted. India. B.M. 3039 (and 2378?). 



BB. Infl. usually much longer than broad. 



Gardnerianum, Roscoe. Tall: Ivs. sessile or the upper 

 petioled: fls. light yellow, odd, short-stalked in the 

 terminal spike, but the red filament long-projected 

 beyond the segms.; lip oval and short, 3-toothed, the 

 other segms. narrow: fr. red and showy. India. B. M. 

 6913. B.R. 774. J.H. III. 32:239 (in fruit). G.C. III. 

 11:176 (plate erroneously labeled H. coronarium); 

 46:126. G.W. 12, pp. 649, 650. The best of the 

 genus, and hardier than H. coronarium. 



coccineum, Buch.-Ham. St. about 6 ft. tall: Ivs. all 

 sessile, linear-lanceolate and sharp-pointed, glabrous 

 above, glaucous beneath: fls. rather small, scarlet, the 

 filament long-projected; lip nearly or quite entire; fl.- 

 bracts conspicuous, acute or obtuse, triangular. India. 

 L.B.C. 8:705. A hybrid between this and H. Gard- 

 nerianum has been advertised as H. Moorei. 



H. Bousigoni&num, Pierre. A species from Cochin-China with 

 sts. about 3 ft., with small bright green Ivs. and about 18-25 pale 

 yellow fls. and red anthers has been recently intro. It is scarcely 

 known outside England. R.H. 1906:400. H. cdmeum, Carey. 

 Fls. flesh-colored, scentless: height 3-4 ft.: Ivs. over 1 ft. long, 

 acuminate. E.Indies. B.M. 2637. L.B.C. 7:693. 



N. TAYLOR, f 



HEDYSARUM (Greek for sweet smell). Leguminosse. 

 Perhaps a dozen North American herbs, and about 

 sixty in the Old World, sometimes planted for orna- 

 ment. 



Perennial herbs or subshrubs, with odd pinnate Ivs., 

 and often showy racemes of red, purple or white, small 

 pea-like fls.: calyx 5-cleft, the teeth nearly equal and 

 pointed; standard obcordate or obovate; keel nearly 

 straight and longer than the wings; stamens 9 and 1: fr. 

 a flattened jointed pod. Very closely allied to Des- 

 modium, but the latter genus has 3-foliolate Ivs. Many 

 of the hedysarums are attractive border plants. They 



