HORTICULTURISTS 



HORTICULTURISTS 



1581 



' 



1884. H. H. Hunnewell. 



of the building which gave the Society a new and more 

 commodious home. 



A portrait of Mr. Hovey will be found in the first vol- 

 ume of the "Fruits of America." Another occurs in 

 "Gardeners' Monthly" for 1886 (frontispiece) and 

 "American Garden," November, 1887; and a reduction 

 of this appears in Fig. 1883. j j> jj g 



Hunnewell, Horatio Hollis (Fig. 1884) , philanthropist 

 and horticulturist, was born in Watertown, Massachu- 

 setts, July 27, 1810, and died in 1902 at Wellesley, 

 Massachusetts. He was the eighth in line of descent 

 from Roger Hunnewell, who came to this country from 



England in 1640. 

 Hollis Hunnewell was 

 educated at Harvard 

 University and in 

 Paris. At twenty-five 

 years of age, he became 

 a partner in the bank- 

 ing-house of Wells & 

 Co., a Parisian bank 

 for the accommoda- 

 tion of American tour- 

 ists. He was later 

 identified with the 

 banking and railroad 

 interests of the United 

 States and many 

 philanthropic move- 

 ments, but the singular 

 fact remains that he 

 did not manifest a 

 taste for arboriculture 

 and horticulture, his 

 favorite pastime, imtil 

 he was over forty years' 

 of age. He was first to introduce the use of Catalpa 

 speciosa for railroad ties, and hundreds of acres of 

 catulpas were planted on the treeless plains along the 

 lines of western railroads. Through his efforts, the first 

 open-air exhibition of rhododendrons and azaleas was 

 given in Boston in 1873. No previous attempt had 

 been made in this country to bring together a large 

 collection of these plants for landscape effect. The 

 increased excellence and extent of arrangement of group- 

 ing of plants hitherto unused made him a landscape 

 artist of first degree, and he gave a new impetus to 

 American botany and horticulture. He was president 

 of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society for 1875 and 

 through his numberless benefactions helped to make 

 horticulture a household word, not only in his beloved 

 state, but throughout the country. Q. B. BRACKETT. 



Husmann, George, grape-grower and author, was 

 born at Meyenburg, near Bremen, Germany, Novem- 

 ber 4, 1827, and died at Napa, California, November 

 5, 1902. He came to the United States at an early age 

 and was practically self-educated. His horticultural 

 career began at Herman, Missouri, where he established 

 the largest and oldest American vineyard that turned 

 grapes into wine, with the exception of the Longworth 

 vineyard in Ohio. He served with distinction in the 

 Civil War, was a presidential elector in 1866, and was a 

 member of the convention for revising the constitution 

 of the state of Missouri. He established extensive 

 nurseries and a model fruit farm that was the pride of 

 the state, and the fruits and wines received first awards 

 at all the fairs and expositions held at that time. In 

 1866, he published his first book, "Grapes and Wine." 

 About 1869 he began the publication of the "Grape 

 Culturist." In 1880 his second book, "Grape-growing 

 and Wine-making," was published, and in 1888 "Grape- 

 culture and Wine-making" was issued, and it became 

 so popular that it was revised and published through 

 four editions. He was president of the Bluffton Wine 

 Company, Bluffton, Missouri, a member of the Board 



1885. Mrs. Annie L. Jack. 



of Curators of the Missouri State University, a charter 

 member of the Missouri State Horticultural Society 

 and the Missouri State Board of Agriculture; professor 

 of pomology and forestry, Missouri State University; a 

 member of the Viticultural Congress that convened at 

 Washington, D. C., and State Statistical Agent for the 

 state of California. He was one of the first men to ship 

 American phylloxera-resistant grape-vines to France 

 to re-establish her vineyards. In cooperation with 

 Parker Earle, he originated and helped to organize the 

 Mississippi Valley Horticultural Society. 



G. B. BRACKETT. 



Jack, Mrs. Annie L. (Fig. 1885), was born in Nor- 

 thamptonshire, England, January 1, 1839, and died in 

 February, 1912. Her 

 maiden name was 

 Annie L.Hayr. In 1852 

 she came to America 

 and pursued her studies 

 at a ladies' seminary 

 in Troy, New York. 

 She taught school at 

 Chateauquay Basin, 

 Quebec, about a dozen 

 miles from Montreal, 

 and later was married 

 to Robert Jack of that 

 place. Acting under her 

 influence, their farm, 

 known as "Hillside," 

 was largely planted to 

 small-fruits and vege- 

 tables, to which was 

 in time added a green- 

 house for floriculture. 

 Thus were demon- 

 strated the capabilities 

 of that section for market-gardening, and others were 

 led to follow the example so successful at the "Hill- 

 side" farm. But it was as a writer on horticultural sub- 

 jects that Mrs. Jack is most widely known. Her "Gar- 

 den Talks" and other contributions to the press have 

 much value, being the product of her own practical 

 experience. Her handbook entitled "The Canadian 

 Garden" is of especial value to Canadian gardeners. 



LlNUS WOOLVERTON. 



Jaeger, Herman, pioneer grape-grower of the Ozarks 

 and grape-breeder, was born in Brugg, Switzerland, in 

 1844, and died in 1896. He went to Missouri in 1867 

 and settled at Neosho, where, until 1896, he lived and 

 engaged in viticulture. In Europe he was trained as a 

 viticulturist. At Neosho, in 1869, he planted a large 

 vineyard. It was composed largely of Concord and 

 other eastern types of grapes. In 1873 "blight" (proba- 

 bly downy mildew) destroyed his crop of grapes. In 

 1874 he began spraying to control this blight or mildew, 

 using sulfur, iron sulfate and copper sulfate. He was 

 undoubtedly the first to begin spraying for fungous 

 diseases in this western section. This pioneer work in 

 which he contemplated the use of fungicides, which 

 became general with the introduction of bordeaux mix- 

 ture a few years later, is an indication of his resource- 

 fulness and his vision. The failure of eastern grapes to 

 resist mildew turned his attention also to the native 

 wild grapes of the Ozarks, which he observed to be 

 resistant of disease. As a result, for a third of a cen- 

 tury, he searched the Ozarks for promising wild forms. 

 From these he originated many promising native seed- 

 lings and also crossed many of the latter with Concord 

 and other eastern sorts. He advocated the use of the 

 native post oak and summer grapes Vitis Lincecumii 

 and V. sestivalis as the foundation stock upon which to 

 build the future viticulture of the Ozarks. He origina- 

 ted upward of one hundred varieties worthy of trial 

 in the neighborhood and many of his pioneer varieties 

 have become the foundation stock upon which other 



