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HORTICULTURISTS 



HORTICULTURISTS 



150 seeds, which he planted in an old garden at Salem. 

 He succeeded in fruiting forty-five seedlings, of which 

 one to five were of Carter Black Hamburg; six to 

 fourteen were Carter x White Chasselas; and the 

 numbers fifteen to forty-five were of Hamburg paren- 

 tage. In 1858 Mr. Rogers sent these varieties, under 

 original numbers to various sections of the country for 

 testing. He lacked room for a fair test in his small 

 garden; the dissemination led to confusion, and the 

 nurserymen to this day have never gotten the matter 

 straightened out, so far as mere numbers are concerned. 

 Mr. Rogers then gave the most promising varieties 

 names, and these names were selected for persons 

 noted for literary or scientific attainments or else for 

 the towns and counties in his native state. Leading 

 horticulturists of the day thought all the varieties 

 should be named, as they possessed equal merit to a 

 remarkable degree; but Mr. Rogers' preferred list is 

 as follows: No. 1, Goethe; No. 3, Massasoit; No. 4, 

 Wilder; No. 9, Lindley; No. 14, Gaertner; No. 15, 

 Agawam; No. 19, Merrimac; No. 28, Requa; No. 39, 

 Amini; No. 41, Essex; No. 43, Barry; No. 44, Herbert; 

 No. 53, or No. 22, Salem, but not the Salem of the 

 present day. There was a meritorious standard of 

 excellence about these hybrids that Mr. Rogers was 

 unable to obtain with subsequent crosses. These 

 hybrids brought about a new era in grape-culture, and 

 while not so intrinsically valuable as some later varie- 

 ties, the work of Mr. Rogers, in one way and another, 

 has added millions of dollars to the grape industry 

 of America. G . B. BRACKEIT. 



Sargent, Henry Winthrop (Fig. 1897), a son of 

 Henry Sargent, an artist of reputation in his time 

 and a grandson of Daniel Sargent, a Boston merchant 

 of a prominent Massachusetts family, was born in 

 Boston in 1810. Graduating from Harvard in 1830, 

 Mr. Sargent studied law, which he never practised, and 

 in 1841 purchased a small estate on the plateau above 

 Fishkill Landing, New York, overlooking the Hudson 

 River. Inspired and instructed by his neighbor, A. J. 

 Downing, the landscape gardener, then at the height of 

 his brilliant career, Mr. Sargent began to lay out a gar- 

 den. This soon became distinguished for its beautiful 

 distant views and vistas obtained by the removal of some 

 of the native trees which originally covered it, for the 

 arrangement of the shrubberies which made a piece of 

 ground of only twenty-two acres in extent appear like a 

 large park, and for the collection of conifers in which Mr. 

 Sargent was particularly interested and which in its day 

 was the most complete in the United States. Mr. Sar- 

 gent traveled extensively in Europe for the purpose of 

 studying the arrangement of country places, and to 



secure plants for his 

 collections. As one of 

 the results of these 

 journeys he published 

 "Skeleton Tours," a 

 guide to the most inter- 

 esting estates and gar- 

 dens in England, with 

 directions how to reach 

 them and what to see 

 in each. To the sixth 

 edition of A. J. Down- 

 ing's ' \T h e o r y and 

 Practice of Landscape- 

 gardening," published 

 in 1859, Sargent added 

 an important supple- 

 ment in which he de- 

 scribed the making of 

 Wodenethe, the name 

 of his own place, and 

 the estate in Welles- 

 ley, Massachusetts, of 



1897. H. W. Sargent. 



his relative, H. H. Hunnewell, to which was added 

 an account of the many new trees and other plants 

 which had first been tested in this country at Woden- 

 ethe; and for the seventh edition, published in 1865, 

 he extended this supplement to include descriptions of 

 the most recently introduced trees. For many years and 

 during the life of its genial, accomplished and hospitable 

 owner, Wodenethe was one of the best-known country 

 places in the United States, and its influence in teach- 

 ing correct principles of the art of garden-making and 

 in increasing the love of country-life in the United 

 States and the knowledge of trees was great and of 

 lasting value. Mr. Sargent died at Wodenethe in 1882. 



C. S. SARGENT. 



Saul. John, nurseryman, was born at Castle Martyr, 

 County Cork, Ireland, on Christmas Day, 1819, and 

 died in Washington, D. C., on May 11, 1897. As he 

 grew up, he was trained in the science of landscape 

 gardening, and soon after becoming of age removed to 

 the Isle of Wight, and subsequently to Bristol, England, 

 in which place he was manager of extensive nurseries. 

 Mr. Saul arrived in Washington in May, 1851, and was 

 at once engaged by the Government to lay out the 

 Smithsonian Grounds, Lafayette Square and other 

 public squares, and also by W. W. Corcoran to plan 

 the beautifying of Harewood Park. In 1852 he bought 

 the property in which he spent the remainder of his 

 life, 120 acres of which he set out in nurserj' stock, all 

 kinds of evergreens, fruit, shade and ornamental trees 

 and shrubs. He imported all new varieties from Europe 

 as soon as they appeared. He equipped twenty green- 

 houses with large stock of new and rare plants, orchids 

 and the like. He imported new plants from Europe as 

 soon as they were offered for sale, and orchids from 

 Africa, Mexico, Central and South America. He 

 shipped plants to all parts of the country and some 

 native plants to Europe. 



He was appointed a member of the Parking Commis- 

 sion by Gov. Alexander R. Shepherd, and was reap- 

 pointed by the District Commissioners after the office 

 of governor was abolished, and was continued in office 

 by each succeeding Board until his death, serving as 

 chairman of the commission until the last. 



B. F. SAUL. 



Saunders, William, nurseryman, landscape gardener 

 and horticulturist, was born in St. Andrews, Scotland, 

 in 1822, and died in Washington, D. C., September 11, 

 1900. He was educated in Scotland and England and 

 spent some years in practical horticultural training at 

 Kew Gardens. He came to America about the same 

 time as Wm. R. Smith, former Superintendent of 

 United States Botanic Gardens, 1848. He wrote many 

 practical and timely articles on horticulture and kin- 

 dred topics for the "Gardener's Monthly," "Hovey's 

 Magazine," the "Horticulturist" and other periodicals. 

 In 1854 Mr. Saunders entered into partnership in the 

 nursery business, general horticulture and landscape 

 gardening, with the late Thomas Meehan of Phila- 

 delphia. While there he originated and introduced 

 fixed roofs for greenhouses which marked a great 

 improvement over the movable sash formerly employed. 

 He was a landscape gardener of note, and finished the 

 planting of some of the national capital's park system 

 which had been previously begun by Andrew Downing. 

 He planned many parks through the eastern portion 

 of the United States, among the most noted of which 

 were Clifton, the country home of the late Johns 

 Hopkins at Baltimore; Rose Hill Cemetery, Chicago; 

 Oak Ridge Cemetery, Springfield, Illinois, and the 

 National Cemetery, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. 



In 1862 Commissioner Newton appointed Mr. 

 Saunders the Botanist and Superintendent of Horti- 

 culture of the newly created Department of Agricul- 

 ture at Washington, D. C. The Department was at 

 first called a Bureau and did not become a cabinet office 



