IBERIS (from Iberia, the ancient name of Spain, 

 where many species occur). Crudferse. CANDYTUFT. 

 Small flower-garden and border plants. 



Annual, biennial or perennial, sometimes half- 

 shrubby, usually glabrous but sometimes ciliate or 

 even hairy: Ivs. alternate, entire or pinnatifid, some- 

 times fleshy: fls. racemose or corymbose, white or pur- 

 plish, the outer ones in the dense cluster more or less 

 radiate; sepals 4, deciduous; petals 4, the 2 outer much 

 larger than the others ; stamens 4, free, not appendaged : 

 fr. a scale-shaped roundish or ovate pod which is mar- 

 gined or winged and often notched at the top, piano- 

 compressed; seeds single in each locule, ovate, not 

 margined. Species 30-40, native to S. Eu., W. Asia 

 and N. Afr., all low-growing plants. Comparatively 

 few species are cult. The annuals are the common 

 candytuft of gardens. The biennials are not cult. 

 The subshrubs are flat, dwarf, compact, commonly 

 evergreen plants, with dark green Ivs., 

 completely covered with broad, flat or 

 elongated clusters of irregular cruciferous 

 fls. in spring. The common white-fld. 

 annual candytuft is 7. amara. The com- 

 mon annual kinds with colored fls. are 

 I. umbellata. The common perennial 

 kind is 7. sempervirens. The clusters of 

 some kinds remain rather flat-topped 

 when they run to seed, while the clusters 

 of other kinds lengthen after flowering; 

 these differences are made division 

 points in the arrangement of species, 

 following. 



The annuals are showy branching 

 plants, 6 to 18 inches high, much grown 

 in masses in beds or for edging. Florists 

 grow them also, especially the white 

 varieties, for cut-flowers. They are of 

 easy cultivation, and succeed in any rich 

 garden soil, in a place exposed to light 

 and air. They are propagated by seeds, 

 which may be sown at any season, in the 

 house or open ground, but particularly 

 in the fall when the climate permits, or 

 as early as possible in spring, in rows 6 

 to 8 inches apart where the plants are to 

 grow, the plants being thinned later to 4 

 inches apart in the row. The finest dis- 

 play is attained from autumn-sown plants, which flower 

 from May to July. If seed is sown in autumn, the 

 plants should be slightly protected from the sun during 

 winter. Seeds sown early in the spring bloom from July 

 to September. Continuous bloom may be obtained by 

 sowing every two weeks. Good results are attained 

 by sowing under glass and transplanting into open 

 ground when the soil is warm. To secure the best 

 bloom, the plants should be given much room, and 

 never crowded. The name candytuft was given be- 

 cause the flowers appear in tufts and because the first 

 introduced species, 7. umbellata, was brought from 

 Candia. The subshrubby species are adapted to the 

 front of shrubberies, where they connect taller plants 

 with the surrounding lawn. They may appear in sepa- 

 rate clumps, in broad masses, or may mingle with 

 other genera in the herbaceous border. They are suited 

 to rockeries, and hang well over walls and ledges. 

 They are to be treated much like herbaceous peren- 

 nials. They are plants of refinement, and are pleas- 



ing when close to the observer. They are useful and 

 popular for cut-flowers, are easily forced into bloom in 

 winter, and are adapted to pot and pan culture. They 

 are easily propagated. The perennial iberis succeed 

 best when let alone. Once planted and not disturbed, 

 they soon form a dense foliage. They are the best 

 spreading, dwarf plants with white flowers. (A. Phelps 

 Wyman.) 



affinis, 2. 

 alba, 9. 

 amara, 1. 

 carminea, 9. 

 carnea, 9. 

 corifolia, 6. 

 coronaria, 1. 

 Dunnettii, 9. 

 foliis variegatis, 5, 12. 

 Garrexiana, 7. 



INDEX. 



gibraltarica, 8. 

 hybrida, 8, 9. 

 lilacina, 9. 

 nana, 9. 

 odorata, 3. 

 pectinata, 2. 

 petraa, 10. 

 pinnata, 4. 

 plena, 5, 12. 

 Pruitii, 11. 



pumila, 9. 

 pupurea, 9. 

 rosea, 5, 9. 

 saxatilis, 6. 

 semperflorens, 12. 

 sempervirens, 5. 

 superba, 5. 

 Tenoreana, 10. 

 umbellata, 9. 



1944. Iberis gibraltarica. 



A. Infl. racemose in fr. 

 B. Annuals or biennials: sts. not woody 



at the base. 

 c. Lobes of the pod erect. 



1. amara, Linn. COMMON ANNUAL 

 CANDYTUFT. Plant erect, stiffish, 6-12 

 in., very bitter: Ivs. lanceolate, toothed 

 toward apex: fls. white, the clusters at 

 first short but afterward elongating: pod 

 nearly orbicular. Common weed of cult, 

 ground in Great Britain and Cent, and 

 S. Eu. The best form is var. coronaria, 

 Voss (7. coronaria, Hort., not D. Don). 

 ROCKET CANDYTUFT. This has larger 

 and fuller clusters and larger fls. The 

 taller varieties, Empress, Spiral White, 

 and Giant Snowflake, grow 18 in. high, 

 with solid pyramidal trusses 5-8 in. long. 

 Dwarf forms are Tom Thumb and Little 

 Prince. All are good bedders, and Em- 



Eress is excellent for cutting. Seed may 

 e sown at any time, but the best results 

 with Empress are secured by sowing 

 under glass and transplanting to the 

 open, where plants will bloom in May 

 and June. 



2. pectinata, Boiss. (7. affinis, Hort., 

 not Jord.) . Lvs. pectinate (i.e., divisions 



deeper, narrower, and farther apart) : fls. white. Spain. 

 Advertised only as A. affinis. Likely to be confused 

 with 7. odorata, but the petals are 4 times as long aa 

 the calyx and the pods have short hairs, while in 7. 

 odorata the petals are 1% times as long as the calyx 

 and the pods glabrous. 



cc. Lobes of the pod spreading. 



3. odorata, Linn. SWEET-SCENTED or FRAGRANT 

 CANDYTUFT. Annual, 6-42 in.: Ivs. linear, wider 

 toward the top, toothed, ciliate toward base: fls. white, 

 fragrant. Greece, Syria. Frequently confused with 7. 

 pinnata. Said to be better and more fragrant in poor 

 soil. 



4. pinnata, Linn. Annual or biennial, with oblong- 

 linear pinnatifid or pinnatisect Ivs., the segms. being 

 very narrow: 12 in. or less: fls. white, fragrant; infl. 

 only slightly elongated in fr. and therefore sometimes 

 described as corymbose. Spain, S. France, Italy. 

 Said to be often sold as 7. odorata. 



(1635) 



