1638 



ILEX 



ILEX 



1946. Ilex Aquifolium. 



(XX) 



A. Foliage evergreen (Nos. 1-47}. 



B. Lvs. with coarse, spiny teeth, rarely entire. 



c. Fls. in axillary clusters on branches of the previous 



year. 



D. Frs. and fls. stalked. 

 E. Shape of Ivs. oval or ovate to lanceolate. 

 1. Aquifolium, Linn. ENGLISH HOLLY. Fig. 1946. 

 Tree, to 40 ft., with short, spreading branches, forming 

 an oblong or pyramidal head, in cult, often shrubby, 

 glabrous: Ivs. short-petioled, usually ovate or oblong- 

 ovate, waved and with strong, spiny teeth, shining, 

 in. long: fr. scarlet, globular, shining. May, 

 June. S. and Cent. Eu., W. Asia, 

 China. Gng. 4:83. H.W. 3, p. 

 51. A very variable species. A 

 full account of the numerous 

 varieties cult, in England is 

 given by T. Moore in G.C. II. 

 2, pp. 432, 519, 687, 750, 812; 

 4, pp. 687, 741; 5, pp. 43, 365, 

 437, 624; 6, pp. 232, 389, 616, 

 where 153 varieties are described 

 and many of them figured. Some 

 of the most important and most 

 distinct are described below. Osmanthus Aquifolium, 

 Sieb. & Zucc., an oleaceous shrub, which may readily 

 be known by its opposite Ivs., is occasionally sup- 

 plied by dealers as a variety of Ilex Aquifolium. 



(a) Varieties with foliage green. 



(b) Lvs. spiny-toothed. 

 (c) Size of Ivs. large, about 2~4 in. long. 

 2. Var. alteclarensis, Loud. Lvs. oval, large, thin and 

 rather plain, with numerous teeth. G.C. III. 34:322 

 G.M. 54:321. 3. Var. Hodginsonii, Waterer. Lvs. 

 roundish ovate, dark green, 2%-3% in. long, with 

 distant and nearly equal spines. G.C. III. 34:322. 4. 

 Var. latifdlia. Loud. Lvs. oval, to 3 ^ in. long, with 

 rather few, divaricate teeth. G.C. II. 2:433. 5. Var. 

 platyphyllos, Goepp. Lvs. broadly ovate, to 3^ in. 

 long, with divaricate spines, thick, deep green. 6. 

 Var. princeps, Moore. Lvs. broadly ovate, to 4^ in. 

 long, with strong, regular spines, dark green, with 

 prominent veins below. G.C. II. 13:45. 7. Var. 

 Wflsonii, Hort. Lvs. oval, with numerous well-devel- 

 oped spines in the same plane, dark green, with dis- 

 tinct veins, up to 5 in. long: fr. large. G.C. III. 30: 117. 

 Gn. 69:205. In this group belong also, var. con- 

 spicua, Moore (G.C. II. 13:45); var. Mundyi, Hort. 

 (Gn. 65, p. 394); var. nobilis, Lawson (G.C. II. 2:432. 

 Gn. 63, p. 423) ; var. Shepherdii, Waterer (Gn. 65, p. 

 394) .The varieties of this group are probably mostly 

 hybrids between /. Aquifolium and /. perado. A geo- 

 graphical variety is 8, var. chinensis, Loes. Lvs. ovate- 

 oblong to oblong-lanceolate, spiny-dentate: fls. smaller. 

 Cent. China. 



(cc) Size of Ivs. small, 1-2 in. long. 

 9. Var. handsworthensis, Fisher. Lvs. ovate-lanceo- 

 late, with numerous, moderately divaricate spines, pro- 

 jected toward the apex, glossy green. G.C. II. 2:519; 

 111.30:118,131. 10. Var. hastata, Smith. Lvs. ovate- 

 lanceolate, halbert-shaped; spines large, usually only 

 2-4 on each side at the base, the upper half usually 

 entire. G.C. II. 2:687. 11. Var. microphylla, Fisher. 

 Lvs. ovate-lanceolate, about 1 in. long, shining green, 



with small, equal plane spines. G.C. II.' 2:751. A very 

 1. form, but var. lineata, Waterer, is still 



small-lvd 



'- ", *^v* > .. i . iiii^tt t-c*., ff *UCAd, 1O .^1 111 



smaller, and has the smallest Ivs. of all. 12. Var. 

 myrtifdlia, Waterer. Lvs. ovate-lanceolate, 1-1 K in- 

 long, moderately spiny, rarely entire. G.C. II. 2:687. 

 G.M. 31:652. 13. Var. serratifdlia, Loud. Lvs. ovate- 

 lanceolate, stiff, with numerous small spiny teeth. 

 G.C. II. 2:687. 14. Var. ferox, Ait. (/. echindta, Mill.). 

 Lvs. of medium size, with strong teeth and numerous 



small spines on the upper convex surface. A very dis- 

 tinct variety, known as hedgehog holly. 



(bb) Lvs. all or most of them -without spines. 

 15. Var. heterophylla, Ait. Lvs. oval or elliptic- 

 ovate, about I 1 /?, in. long, sometimes twisted near the 

 apex, entire or with few spiny teeth. G.C. II. 2:519. 

 16. Var. laurifolia, Loud. Lvs. ovate to elliptic-lanceo- 

 late, 2-3 in. long, usually quite entire. G.C. III. 34:314. 

 Gn. 63, pp. 378, 423, 424. 17. Var. marginata, Loud. 

 Lvs. broadly ovate, sometimes twisted near the apex, 

 with thickened entire margin. G.C. II. 2:813. 18. 

 Var. scotica, Hort. Lvs. oval-obovate, blunt and 

 rounded at the apex, rarely pointed, 1^-2 in. long, 

 with thickened, wavy entire margin. G.C. II. 2:813. 

 19. Var. recurva, Loud. (var. crispa, Lawson; var. tor- 

 tuosa, Waterer). Lvs. oval and spirally twisted, with 

 revolute margin, entire or with few spines, about 2 in. 

 long: of dense habit. G.M. 31:654; 36:764. G.C. II. 

 2:813. 20. Var. camelliaefolia, Fisher (var. magnifica, 

 Hort.; var. laurifolia longifplia, Hort.). Lvs. elliptic or 

 oblong, acuminate, dark olive-green, very glossy, entire 

 or with a few spines near the apex. G.C. II. 2:813. 

 Gn. 65, p. 220. G.M. 31:783. Gt. 55:1551, 4. 



(aa) Varieties with foliage variegated. 



(b) Lvs. spiny-toothed. 



21. Var. albo-marginata, Loud. (var. argenteo-margi- 

 nata, Hort.; var. argentea, Hort.). Lvs. broadly ovate, 

 to 2J^ in. long, with numerous irregular spines, dark 

 green, the disk mottled with grayish green, with rather 

 narrow silvery margin. Gn. 64, p. 301. G.M. 48:84. 

 22. Var. albo-picta, Loud. (var. argenteo-medio-picta, 

 Hort.). Lvs. ovate, with divaricate spines, dark green, 

 with a whitish center and a narrow, irregular, silvery 

 margin. G.C. II. 4:687. 23. Var. afcreo-maculata, 

 Hort. Lvs. oblong-oval, 2J/2 in. long, with distant 

 triangular, somewhat divaricate spines, with a large 

 creamy-white blotch in the center, outer part of the 

 margin dark green, inner part mottled pale gray. G.M. 

 31:654. 24. Var. aftreo-regina, Hort. (var. aurea- 

 margindta and var. latifdlia marginata, Hort.). Lvs. 

 broadly ovate, to 3 in. long, with strongly divaricate 

 spines, mottled with gray and green, with a broad, 

 continuous golden yellow margin. G.C. II. 5:44. 

 G.M. 54:322. 25. Var. ailrep-picta latifdlia, Hort. 

 Lvs. ovate or broadly ovate, 2 in. or more long, with a 

 large, branching, deep yellow blotch in the middle, and 

 with an irregular, deep glossy green margin. G.C. II. 

 5:624. 26. Var. ferox argentea, Loud. Like var. 

 ferox, but the margin and the surface spines creamy 

 white. G.C. II. 5:44. 27. Var. ferox afirea, Loud., 

 is like the former, but with yellow spines and margin. 

 G.C. II. 6:616. 



(bb) Lvs. spineless or mostly so. 



28. Var. heterophylla aureo-picta, Hort. Lvs. ovate, 

 flat, sometimes with few spines, about 2^ in. long, 

 marked in the middle with a broad feathery blotch of 

 bright yellow. G.C. II. 6:389. 29. 

 Var. scotica aftrea, Hort. Lvs. 

 obovate, blunt, slightly wavy, 

 about l^in. long, dark, mottled 

 green, with a broad golden margin: 

 of dwarf habit. 30. Var. Water- 

 iana, Hort. Lvs. oblong or ovate, 

 with a few spines, or entire and 

 plain and obtuse, about 2 in. 

 long, mottled with gray and yel- 

 lowish green and edged with a 

 broad, irregular golden band. G.C. 

 11.6:233. 



There are also some other varieties in cultivation, 

 as 31, var. fructu luteo, Lawson, with yellow, and 32, 

 var. frftctu aurantiaco, Paul, with orange berries; 33, 

 var. pendula, Waterer, with pendulous branches (Gn. 



1947. Ilex opaca. 



(XH) 



