INSPECTION 



INSPECTION 



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was promulgated January 15, 1913, to prevent the 

 introduction into the United States from Mexico of 

 the insect known as the Mexican fruit-fly (Trypeta 

 ludens), and forbids the importation into the United 

 States from the Republic of Mexico of the following 

 fruits: oranges, sweet limes, mangoes, Achras Sapota, 

 peaches, guavas, and plums. It was amended February 

 8, 1913, to include, in addition to the above fruits, the 

 grapefruit and its horticultural varieties. 



Pink boll-worm of cotton. This is Quarantine No. 8, 

 promulgated May 28, 1913, to prevent the introduction 

 into the United Sates of the pink boll-worm of cotton, 

 and forbids the importation into the United States 

 of cotton-seed of all species and varieties and cotton- 

 seed hulls from any foreign locality and country, except- 

 ing only the locality of the Imperial Valley in the state 

 of Lower California in Mexico. The importation from 

 the region specified in Mexico is governed by regula- 

 tions. By later amendments this quarantine was 

 lifted and cotton-seed and seed-cotton were permitted 

 to be entered, under regulations, from the Mexican 

 states of Neuvo Leon, Tamauhpas, Coahuila, Durango, 

 and Chihuahua. 



Potato quarantine. This is Quarantine No. 11, pro- 

 mulgated December 22, 1913, to prevent the intro- 

 duction into the United States of the disease known as 

 powdery scab (Spongospora subterranea) , and forbids 

 the importation into the United States from the Domin- 

 ion of Canada, Newfoundland, the islands of St. Pierre 

 and Miquelon, Great Britain, Ireland and Continental 

 Europe, of the common or Irish potato (Solanum 

 tuberosum), until such time as it shall have been ascer- 

 tained to the satisfaction of the Secretary of Agricul- 

 ture that the country or locality from which potatoes 

 are offered for import is free from powdery scab and 

 other injurious potato diseases. Amendments 1 and 2, 

 February 20; 3, March 12; and 5, November 30, 1914, 

 eliminate Belgium, Denmark, and the Netherlands, and 

 the Dominion of Canada, from the provisions of this 

 quarantine and make it possible to import potatoes 

 under regulation from these countries. The importation 

 under regulation is also now permitted from Bermuda, 

 Santo Domingo, and the states of Chihuahua and 

 Sonora, Mexico. Amendment 4 to this quarantine, 

 promulgated June 25, 1914, eliminates the territory 

 of Porto Rico from its provisions. 



Avocado seed quarantine. This is Quarantine No. 12, 

 promulgated February 27, 1914, to prevent the intro- 

 duction into the United States of the avocado weevil 

 (Heilipus lauri), and forbids the importation into 

 the United States of the seeds of the avocado or alli- 

 gator pear from Mexico and the countries of Central 

 America. 



Sugar-cane quarantine. This is Quarantine No. 15, 

 promulgated June 6, 1914, to prevent the introduction 

 into the United States of injurious insects and fungous 

 diseases of the sugar-cane, and forbids the importation 

 into the United States, from all foreign countries of 

 living canes of sugar-cane, or cuttings or parts thereof. 

 This quarantine does not apply to Hawaii and Porto 

 Rico. 



These foreign quarantine orders are absolute pro- 

 hibitions of the entry of the goods covered, and are 

 enforced through the active cooperation of the customs 

 service of the Treasury Department. 



Domestic plant quarantines. 



Under the provisions of section 8 of the plant- 

 quarantine act the following domestic plant-quarantines 

 have been established: 



Mediterranean fruit-fly. This is Quarantine No. 2, 

 promulgated September 18, 1912, to protect the United 

 States from the entry of the Mediterranean fruit-fly, 

 now thoroughly established in the Hawaiian Islands. 

 This quarantine prohibits the shipment of any of the 

 fruits and vegetables specified in the notice of quar- 



105 



antine into or through any other state, territory, or 

 district of the United States. 



Gipsy-moth and brown-tail moth. This is Quarantine 

 No. 4, promulgated November 5, 1912, and revised 

 and amended as Quarantine No. 10, June 24, 1913, 

 and as Quarantine No. 17, July 3, 1914. This quar- 

 antine describes and quarantines the districts in New 

 England infested by the two moths named, and makes 

 regulations governing the movement in interstate 

 commerce of plants and plant-products which may be 

 infested from the areas quarantined. 



Date-palm scale insects. This is Quarantine No. 6, 

 promulgated March 1, 1913, to prevent the further dis- 

 tribution in the United States of two important date- 

 palm scale insects. It quarantines certain counties in 

 California, Arizona and Texas, and makes regula- 

 tions governing the interstate movement of date palms 

 originating within the areas quarantined. 



Pink boll-worm of cotton. This is Quarantine No. 9, 

 promulgated June 24, 1913, and applies to the territory 

 of Hawaii. It has the same object as the foreign quar- 

 antine on the same subject, described above. It pre- 

 vents the movement from the territory of Hawaii into 

 or through any other state, territory or district of the 

 United States of all cotton-seed and cotton-seed hulls. 



Mediterranean fruit-fly and melon-fly. This is Quar- 

 antine No. 2, promulgated September 18, 1913, and 

 revised and amended as Quarantine No. 13, promul- 

 gated March 23, 1914, to protect the United States 

 from the entry of the Mediterranean fruit-fly (Ceratitis 

 capitata) and the melon-fly (Dacus cucurbitse), now 

 thoroughly established in the Hawaiian Islands. This 

 quarantine prohibits the shipment of any of the fruits, 

 nuts and vegetables specified in the notice of quaran- 

 tine into or through any other state, territory or dis- 

 trict of the United States, in accordance with the regu- 

 lations prescribed under this quarantine. This quar- 

 antine became effective May 1, 1914. 



Powdery scab of potatoes. This is Quarantine No. 14, 

 promulgated April 25, 1914, to prevent the further dis- 

 tribution in the United States of the dangerous potato 

 disease known as powdery scab (Spongospora sub- 

 terranea), which exists in certain parts of the state of 

 Maine. This quarantine became effective August 

 1, 1914. 



Sugar-cane quarantine. This is Quarantine No. 16, 

 promulgated June 6, 1914, to prevent the further dis- 

 tribution in the United States of certain injurious 

 insects and fungous diseases of the sugar-cane existing 

 in the territories of Hawaii and Porto Rico, and forbids 

 the movement from the territories named into or 

 through any other state, territory or district of the 

 United States of living canes of sugar-cane, or cuttings 

 or parts thereof. 



Most of the domestic quarantines provide for the 

 movement of the quarantined articles under a system 

 of inspection and certification. The very considerable 

 work of inspection and certification necessitated, 

 particularly in the case of the moth quarantine in 

 New England and the Mediterranean fruit-fly quar- 

 antine in Hawaii, is done under federal authority, in 

 cooperation with state and insular officers, who are 

 made for that purpose collaborators of the Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture. 



Regulatory orders. 



Under the authority given by section 5 of the plant- 

 quarantine act, orders placing restrictions on the 

 importation of potatoes and avocados have been 

 promulgated. 



The order restricting the admission of all foreign 

 potatoes not under quarantine was issued December 22, 

 1913, and regulations governing the entry of potatoes 

 under this order into the United States were issued 

 December 30, 1913. This order specifies that potatoes 

 may be imported only from countries which are free 



