LEUCOJUM 



flower. Leucoion is from leukos, shining, white, and ion, 

 violet. Parkinson called it the "great early bulbous 

 violet." Snowflakes appear about the same time as 

 white violets, and sometimes have a delicate odor, 

 resembling that of the violet. 



Leucojums are best planted in dense groups, and 

 allowed to remain undisturbed for a number of years. 

 When bulbs are procured in the fall, plant immediately. 

 Suitable for border, rock-garden or grass. Plant in a 

 well-drained soil about 3 inches deep. Give a good 

 winter protection. They are less popular than snow- 

 drops (Galanthus), to which they are closely related, 

 and have larger fls., with all the segms. of equal size. 



A. Blooming in March to early April. 



vernum, Linn. (Erinosma vernum, Herb.). SPRING 

 SNOWFLAKE. ST. AGNES' FLOWER. Bulb globose, 

 %-l in. diam. : Ivs. strap-shaped, finally 6-9 in. long, 

 4-6 lines wide: scape ^-1 ft. long, usually 1-fld.; 

 perianth-segms. white, tipped green: seeds with a pale, 

 membranous coat and conspicuous strophiole: fls. 

 appear 1 month later than snowdrop. Cent. Eu., 

 France to Bosnia and Tyrol. B.M. 46. G.C. II. 11:399; 

 21: 341; 23: 341. P.G. 5:47. Gn. 25, p. 335; 29, p. 607. 

 V. 8:69. Var. carpathicum, Herb., has perianth-segms. 

 tipped yellow. B.M. 1993. J.H. III. 32:169. G.M. 

 39:105. A choice form, usually bearing 2-4 fls. Var. 

 Vagneri, Stapf. Early-flowering, with scapes usually 

 bearing 2 fls. of which the green spots are of a darker 

 shade. Hungary. 



AA. Blooming in April and May. 



aestivum, Linn. SUMMER SNOWFLAKE. Bulb ovoid, 

 1-1 Yi in. diam.: Ivs. strap-shaped, 1-1^ ft. long, yel- 

 lowish green: scape 1 ft. long, 4-8-fld.; perianth-segms. 

 white, tipped green: seeds with a black, hard-shelled 

 coat and no strophiole. Cent, and S. Eu. Mn. 9:45. 

 P.G. 1:7. V. 3:342; 8:70. G. 5:185; 25:222. J.H. 

 111.55:253. 



pulchellum, Salisb. (L. Herndndezii, Cambes.). 

 Differs from L. aestivum by its smaller fls. and caps., 

 narrower Ivs. and fls. a fortnight earlier. Sardinia and 

 Balearic Isles. Var. majus is a selected large-fld. 

 form. 



hyemale, DC. Bulb globose, under 1 in. diam., with 

 several membranous brown tunics: Ivs. 2-4, contem- 

 porary with the fls., erect, narrow-linear, glabrous, 6-12 

 in. long: peduncle slender, erect, 1-2-fld.; perianth 

 white; segms. oblong, imbricated, tinged with green on 

 back and laxly many-veined, the 3 inner shorter and 

 rather more obtuse than the 3 outer; stamens bright 

 yellow, styles rather short: seeds black, punctate, 

 furnished with a conspicuous fleshy white carunculus. 

 Maritime Alps. B.M. 6711. Blooms in April, rather 

 than in winter as the name would imply. 



AAA. Blooming in aulumn. 



autumnale, Linn. (Ads autumnalis, Salisb.). AU- 

 TUMN SNOWFLAKE. Bulb globose, %in.. diam.: Ivs. 

 thread-like, usually produced after the fls.: scape very 

 slender, 3-9 in. long, 1-3-fld.; perianth-segms. white, 

 tinged with red; stamens half as long as segms. Portu- 

 gal and Morocco to Ionian Isls. B.M. 960. Not 

 satisfactory in northern gardens. Prefers a sandy 

 soil. 



rdseum, Martin. Bulb globose, J^-J^in. diam.: 

 peduncle shorter and usually 1-fld.; perianth-segms. 

 ^in. long, rose-red, oblanceolate ; stamens K m - long. 

 Corsica. Usually difficult to grow, and little known 

 horticultural^. WILHELM MILLER. 



A. C. HoTTES.f 



LEUCOPHYLLUM (Greek, white leaf). Scrophularia- 

 cex. Three spreading shrubs in Texas and N. Mex. with 

 small alternate, elliptic to obovate entire Ivs. covered 

 beneath with silvery white wool: fls. axillary; calyx 



LEUCOPHYTA 



1849 



5-parted; corolla campanulate or funnelform, with 5 

 rounded spreading lobes; stamens 4, didynamous, 

 included, fixed at the base of the corolla; ovary 2- 

 celled: caps. 2-valved; seeds many, oblong, wrinkled. 

 Only the following species 'is cult, in S. Fla., and 



2140. Leucophyllum texanum. (XH) 



deserves cult, everywhere in the S. According to C. S. 

 Sargent, "There is no shrub of the desert portions of 

 the valley of the lower Rio Grande more generally dis- 

 tributed, and certainly there is not one of them which 

 more delights the traveler in the early spring months, 

 when the large, violet-purple flowers of this plant 

 heighten the effect of its brilliant silvery foliage." 

 G.F. 3:488. 



texanum, Benth. Fig. 2140. Loose-growing, strag- 

 gling shrub, 4 or 5 ft. high in the wild, 8-10 ft. high in 

 cult. : Ivs. Hj-1 in. long, obovate, narrowed to the nearly 

 sessile base: fls. violet-purple, campanulate, 1 in. long 

 and as much across, hairy within. Spring and summer. 

 G.F. 3:489 (adapted in Fig. 2140). 



ALFRED REHDER.! 



LEUCOPHYTA (white plant, a Greek compound). 

 Composite. One species, L. BrSwnii, Cass., is offered 

 abroad among coolhouse plants and is used in carpet- 

 bedding for the white herbage. It is a much-branched 

 rigid little white-woolly shrub (about 1 ft. high) from 

 Austral.: Ivs. alternate, linear, obtuse, very short and 

 small (seldom J^in. long) : heads small and collected in 

 globular clusters %-Hin. diam., the clusters surrounded 

 by a few floral Ivs.: pappus of 8-10 plumose-ciliate 

 scales which are slightly united at the base. The plant 

 is of easy cult. ; prop, by cuttings. It may be wintered in 

 a frame or coolhouse. 



The genus Leucophyta, with its single species, is 

 usually united with Calocephalus, the above plant then 

 becoming C. Brownii, F. Muell. The two genera were 

 founded by Robert Brown at the same time (Trans. 

 Linn. Soc. XII: 106), but Calocephalus occurs first on 

 the page. He separated Leucophyta because it differs 

 in having a general involucre consisting of a few short 

 bracts, in having the scales of the partial involucres 

 concave and bearded at top, and in the pappus being 

 plumose throughout its entire length. L jj jj. 



