1862 



LIGUSTRUM 



LILIUM 



DD. Fls. sessile. 



12. Quihoui, Carr. (L. brachystdchyum, Decne.). 

 Shrub, to 6 ft., with spreading branches: branchlets 

 and panicles finely pubescent: Ivs. elliptic-oblong or 

 narrow-oblong, obtuse, glabrous, somewhat coriaceous, 

 1-2 in. long: fls. sessile, in small clusters, forming at 

 ends of the branches long, panicled spikes. Sept.-Oct. 

 China. G.C. II. 18, p. 277. Gn. 66, p. 292. 



2155. Ligustrum vulgare. ( X H) 



L. acutlsaimum, Koehne. Allied to L. Ibota. Lvs. lanceolate, 

 acuminate, H-2 Vi in. long: panicle about 1 in. long; calyx glabrous; 

 anthers shorter than limb. Cent. China. L, ciliatum, Sieb. Allied 

 to L. acuminatum. Lvs. rhombic-ovate, acute, ciliate: panicle 

 dense, small, about Hin. long, 4-8-fld. Japan. L. compactum. Hook, 

 f. & Thorns. (L. lancifolium, Carr. L. longifolium and L. lineare, 

 Hort., and L. Simoni, Carr.). Evergreen shrub, quite glabrous: 

 Ivs. lanceolate, to 6 in.: panicle large, compact; tube short. Him- 

 alayas. R.H. 1902, p. 500. L. Delavayanum, Harlot (L. Prattii, 

 Koehne). Low evergreen shrub with spreading or nearly prostrate, 

 pubescent branches: Ivs. ovate to ovate-oblong, glabrous, J^-lf-jj 

 in. long: panicles narrow, leafy at the base, 1-1 J^ in. long; corolla- 

 tube longer than the limb. W. China. R.H. 1901, p. 496 (habit). 

 L. flenryi, Hemsl. Evergreen shrub, to 12 ft.: branchlets 

 pubescent: Ivs. orbicular-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, obtusely acu- 

 minate, dark green, glabrous, %-2 in. long: panicles terminal, 

 short-stalked, 1 %-4 in. long; corolla-tube longer than limb; calyx 

 glabrous. W. China. L. insulare, Decne. (L. Stauntonii, Hort., not 

 DC.). Shrub, to 6 ft., allied to L. vulgare: Ivs. elliptic-ovate to 

 linear-lanceolate, yellowish green, often pendulous, 2-3 in. : panicles 

 rather large. Origin uncertain. L. lancifdlium, Carr., L. longifd- 

 lium, and L. lineare, Hort.=L. compactum. L. pekinense, Hort. 

 =Syringa pekinensis. L. Prdttii, Koehne=L. Delavayanum. L. 

 Simoni, Carr.=L. compactum. L. Stauntonii, Hort.=L. insulare. 

 L. strongylophyllum, Hemsl. Evergreen shrub or small tree, 

 almost glabrous: Ivs. orbicular or obovate, tyr-\ in.: panicle rather 

 loose. Cent. China. B.M. 8069. L. Wdlkeri, Decne. Allied to L. 

 nepalense: Ivs. ovate to lanceolate, glabrous, to 3 in.: panicle large, 

 to 6 in. Ceylon, Neilgherries. G.C. III. 24:282. G.M. 41:683. 

 L. yunnanense, L. Henry. Shrub, to 12 ft.: branches glabrous: 

 Ivs. subcoriaceous, deciduous, oblong-lanceolate, glabrous, 2-5 in. 

 long: panicle loose, 5-7 in. long; corolla-tube short. Yunnan. R.H. 

 1902, pp. 498-500. ALFRED R E HDEK. 



LILAC: Syringa. 



LILIUM (Latin, from the Greek name, said to be 

 derived from the Celtic word li, meaning whiteness, 

 referring to L. candidum) . Liliacese. LILY. Noble plants 

 for outdoor bloom, and a few of them grown under 

 glass. They comprise one of the distinctive flower 

 forms, and the name lily is applied to many other plants. 



Herbaceous perennials with scaly bulbs: sts. un- 

 branched, smooth or pubescent, usually bright green, 

 sometimes tinged purple or brown and generally 

 clothed with Ivs. their entire length: Ivs. (except in 

 only 2 species, L. cordifolium and L. giganteum) always 

 linear or lanceolate, either scattered or verticillate, 

 usually bright green and quite sessile, but in a few 

 species with short petioles: fls. terminal, solitary, 

 racemose or umbellate, perfect, with 6 perianth-segms., 

 3 like sepals or calyx-lvs. and 3 like petals or corolla- 

 Ivs., the parts erect or variously spreading or reflexed 

 (Figs. 2156, 2157), usually with a honey-bearing gland 

 at the base of each; each fl. has 6 prominent stamens 

 and 1 long pistil; each stamen consists of a filament or 

 stalk and an anther balanced on its end and attached 

 by its back, while the ovary bears a style and a 3-lobed 

 stigma: the fr. or seed-vessel is an oblong caps, borne 

 above the base of the perianth-segms.; it is 6-ribbed, 

 divided into 3 cells, each cell closely packed with flat- 

 tened, brown, soft-coated seeds. The genus is divided 

 into 7 groups or subgenera, distinguished from each 

 other chiefly by the shape and arrangement of the fls. 

 These groups are: 



I. Eulirion (true lilies, trumpet- or funnel-flow- 

 ered lilies). 

 II. Archelirion (open-flowered lilies). 



III. Martagon (Turk's-cap or turban-shaped lilies). 



IV. Pseudo-Martagon (bell-flowered lilies). 



V. Isolirion (erect- or upright-flowered lilies). 



VI. Cardiocrinum (heart-shaped-leaved lilies). 

 VII. Notholirion (fritillaria-like lilies). 



From 300-400 species have been described, but there 

 are probably considerably less than 100 entitled to rank 

 as such. They are all natives of the northern hemis- 

 phere, extending around the world. Their northern 

 limit is southern Canada and Siberia; their southern, 

 Florida and the Neilgherry Mts. of India. Many of 

 them are in California and China-Japan. 



The genus Lilium is very closely allied to Fritillaria; 

 the latter genus differs in the corolla being more uni- 

 formly campanulate, with nectar-bearing cavities at the 

 base of the inner segms. or of all of them, and the anthers 

 attached by the base. Lilium roseum is by some 

 referred to Fritillaria, but it is probably better kept in 

 Lilium. L. oxypetalum is a similar case. 



For further botanical information, the reader is 

 referred to "The Botanical Gazette," 27:235 (1899), 

 where a botanical review of the genus will be found. 

 The most notable monograph on lilies is entitled "A 

 Monograph of the Genus Lilium," by H. J. Elwes, pub- 

 lished in 1880 and containing superb colored plates. 

 It is referred to below by the abbreviation El. It covers 

 the ground fully up to the date of publication. Unfor- 

 tunately there is no book yet published which combines 

 the botanical and horticultural points of view, but much 

 valuable cultural information may be obtained by 

 reading the following four books: Wallace's "Notes on 

 Lilies," 2nd edition; "Lilies for English Gardens," by 

 Miss Jekyll; "The Book of the Lily," by Wm. Goldring, 

 and "Lilies," by Adams and one by A. Grove. Many 

 portraits have been made of species of Lilium, some of 

 the most important and accessible of which are cited 

 in the following account. The author cannot vouch for 

 the authenticity of these portraits, however. 



The general cultivation of lilies. 



The various lilies are unequaled by any other plant 

 in their unique combination of beauty, gracefulness 



