1888 



LINUM 



LIPPIA 



L. campanul&tum. Linn. Perennial yellow-fid, species from S. 

 Eu., 1-1 Yi ft., glaucous: Ivs. on st. oblanceolate, acuminate, alter- 

 nate. L.B.C. 13:1254. L. Chamissdnis, Schiede (L. Macraei, 

 B.M. 5474, not Benth.). Perennial, woody at base, with scarlet 

 buds and yellow fls. : Ivs. stiff, lanceolate, acuminate: sepals ovate, 

 acuminate: 1 ft. Chile. L. pubescens, Soland. Perennial, with 

 large pink fls. shaded with dark purple lines, the petals 3 times as 

 long as calyx: Ivs. oblong and obtuse to lanceolate and acute. Asia 

 Minor. L. trlgynum, Roxbg-=Reinwardtia trigyna. 



L. H. B. 



LIPARIS (Greek, fat, shining). Orchidaceae. Erect 

 little plants with stems in some species 1 foot high, 

 bearing one or several leaves and a terminal raceme 

 of small, rarely medium-sized flowers. 



Herbs, terrestrial or epiphytic: sts. sometimes thick- 

 ened at the base into a small pseudobulb, sheathed by 

 scales: Ivs. few, broad, contracted into sheathing 

 petioles: fls. whitish, greenish yellow or purplish; 

 sepals and petals nearly equal, linear, spreading; col- 

 umn long; lip nearly plane, often with 2 tubercles 

 above the base. A large genus, containing over 100 

 species, distributed over the warm and temperate 

 regions of the entire earth. By some, the name Leptor- 

 chis is used for this genus, but Liparis is retained by 

 the "nomina conservanda" of the Vienna Congress. 



L. liliifolia should be planted in well-drained soil; a 

 shady bank is preferable. L. Loeselii delights in a wet 

 situation, just at the edge of the water. 



liliifolia, Rich. TWAYBLADE. Plants 4-10 in. high: 

 Ivs. oval or ovate, 5 in. long: raceme with many purplish 

 fls.; labellum large, wedge-obovate. Succeeds in well- 

 drained soil on shady banks; woods and thickets, E. 

 N. Amer. B.B. 1:476. A.G. 12:153 and 13:517. 

 Procurable from Dutch bulb-dealers and dealers in 

 native plants. 



Loeselii, Rich. Plants 2-8 in. high: Ivs. elliptic- 

 lanceolate, 2-6 in. long: raceme with few greenish fls.; 

 lip obovate pointed. In wet thickets, N. Amer. and Eu. 

 B.B. 1:477. G.C. II. 21:144. 



L. atropurpiirea, Lindl. Plants 1 ft. or more high: Ivs. 2-4, 

 nearly round, acuminate plicate, near together at the upper 

 part of the St.: raceme many-fld.; fls. chocolate-purple; lip oblong, 

 obtuse, recurved. June. Ceylon. B.M. 5529. The most orna- 

 mental of the genus. L. Cdittei, Finet. Dwarf: racemes several- 

 fld.; scape 4- winged: Ivs. membranous, not plicate. French Guinea. 

 I,, lacer&ta, Ridl. Racemes about 8 in. long; sepals and petals 

 yellowish, oblong, obtuse; lip orange-red. Borneo. L. ndna, Rolfe. 

 Plant very small: fls. dark purple, remarkable in having a very 

 broad, nearly straight column. Annam. L. rhodochila, Rolfe. 

 Scape many-fld. ; sepals and petals light green ; lip reddish crimson. 

 Java. L. tabulAris, Rolfe. Raceme lax; fls. purple; dorsal sepal 

 oblong-lanceolate, the lateral oblong; petals filiform; lip reniform, 

 denticulate. Penang. B.M. 8195. L. tricallfisa, Reichb. f. 

 Raceme loosely many-fid., the rachis red; sepals strap-shaped, 

 lemon-yellow; petals filiform, arched, red; lip nearly orbicular, 

 golden yellow, red-striped. Malay Penin. B.M. 7804. L. Wdrpuri, 

 Rolfe. Only a few inches high: scape 1- or 2-fld.; fls. light green, 

 with dark green disk. Madagascar. 



HEINRICH HASSELBRING. 



GEORGE V. NAsn.f 



LfPPIA (Dr. Auguste Lippi, French traveler, 1678- 

 1703). Including Aloysia. Verbenacese. Herbs and 

 shrubs, grown for the ornamental bloom, and one as a 

 ground-cover; the lemon verbena of florists is one of 

 them. 



Mostly shrubby, with opposite or 3-whorled (rarely 

 alternate) Ivs., which are entire, dentate or lobed: fls. 

 small and often lantana-like, in heads or spikes, mostly 

 white, rose or purplish; corolla 4-lobed, oblique or 2- 

 lipped. the tube cylindrical and straight or curved, the 

 lobes proad and usually retuse; calyx 2-4-toothed or 

 -cleft, inclosing the dry fr. which becomes 2 separate 

 nutlets: stamens 4, didynamous, attached at the middle 

 of the corolla-tube, included or very nearly so; ovary 

 2-celled, each cell 1-ovuled. Species about 125, nearly 

 all in Trop. Amer., but 2 or 3 African and 1 or 2 widely 

 dispersed in warm countries. The genus is botanically 

 nearer Lantana than Verbena, although the common 

 forms of all three genera are very unlike horticulturally. 

 Some species of Lippia have their spikes crowded into 

 dense heads, like Lantana. The drupe in Lippia is 

 dry, but in Lantana it is often juicy, and in Lantana the 



calyx is more or less truncate and the corolla not 

 bilabiate. 



The one well-known cultivated lippia is lemon ver- 

 bena (L. citriodora) , an old-fashioned favorite, with 

 delightfully fragrant foliage, a sprig of which was often 

 included in mixed bouquets. It is a low-growing tender 

 shrub, with long narrow pointed entire leaves, which 

 are usually borne in threes. In summer, it bears minute 

 flowers in a pyramidal panicle, composed of many- 

 flowered spikes, which appear in groups of three at 

 decreasing intervals along the main axis. In southern 

 California it attains a large size. Culture by William 

 Scott : A florist should always have a few lemon ver- 

 benas. Save a dozen plants in spring, shift them on as 

 required, and in the summer plunge the pots outside. 

 At the approach of frost bring them into the greenhouse, 

 stand them under the lightest and coolest bench, and 

 give them water enough merely to keep the wood from 

 shriveling. In early February shake the plants out of 

 the pots, shorten the unripened and weak wood, repot 

 in fresh soil, using 4-inch pots, and start the plants 

 into fresh growth in a temperature of 55. In a few 

 weeks they will be covered with new growths suitable 

 for cuttings. Cuttings root readily in about three 

 weeks. The sand of the cutting-bench should be a 

 little warmer than the air. Water the sand twice a 

 day, and keep it well soaked. Never allow the cuttings 

 to wilt from sunshine or dryness. Transfer the cuttings 

 when rooted to 2-inch pots, and in April shift to 3-inch 

 pots, plunging them in a mild hotbed, where by the 

 middle of May, with one pinching, they will have 

 become fine, bushy plants. They need frequent syring- 

 ing to prevent attacks of red-spider. 



In California, Arizona, Mexico, Australia, the plant 

 known as L. repens (properly L. canescens) is now an 

 important ground-cover or lawn plant. The many 

 thousands of acres thus covered are said all to have come 

 from plants secured in a twelve-ounce box from the 

 Botanic Garden in Rome by F. Franceschi, of Santa 

 Barbara, in 1898. Culture by Franceschi : It thrives in 

 any soil, no matter how poor, rapidly covering the ground 

 with a very dense matting. It will smother all weeds in 

 short time, and the more trodden upon the better it 

 grows. It requires much less water than other lawn 

 plants, and saves the trouble of mowing. It will stand 

 severe heat and many degrees of cold, and can easily be 

 established on sloping grounds. It will never become a 

 pest difficult to eradicate, having no underground run- 

 ners. Have the ground well worked and pulverized, 

 leveled and rolled, if possible. No manure is recom- 

 mended. It seeds very sparingly or not at all. The 

 best and quickest way to propagate it is by planting 

 small sods (of 2 square inches) at a distance of 1, 2, or 

 more feet apart, as one may prefer. The closer planted, 

 the sooner the ground will be carpeted. Each small 

 sod contains many joints, and from each joint runners 

 and roots soon appear that will branch in every direc- 

 tion and will anchor it in the ground, rooting again as 

 they run. Press and firm the sods in the ground, and 

 give sufficient water to start them to grow. Occasional 

 rolling will be of advantage. Frequent walking over it 

 will have the same effect. If the tiny lilac flowers 

 (much sought by the bees) are not desired, they can 

 easily be removed with an ordinary lawn-mower. 

 During the dry season, water must be given, with a lawn 

 sprinkler or otherwise, at intervals as the local condi- 

 tions suggest. 



A. Fls. in slender naked spikes. 



citrioddra, Kunth (Aloysia citriodora, Ort.). LEMON 

 VERBENA. Small shrub, glabrous, the branchlets stri- 

 ate and more or less scabrous : Ivs. in whorls of 3 or 4, 

 lanceolate, short-stalked, glabrous, densely covered 

 beneath with glandular dots, entire or toothed at the 

 middle, lemon-scented: spikes whorled and axillary or 

 collected in terminal panicles, which may be 3 in. long 



