MACROSCEPIS 



MADIA 



1963 



limb 5-lobed, spreading; scales of the crown 5, inflexed 

 under the throat of the fleshy corolla; stamens inserted 

 near base of tube, the filaments connate into a short 

 tube: follicles hard and thick. Species few. 



elliptica, N. E. Br. Twining, long-hirsute: Ivs. 6-7 

 in. long, elliptic, cuspidate-acuminate, cordate at base, 

 long-petioled : fls. 8-10 in an umbel, each fl. about 1 

 in. diam., resembling those of Hoya carnosa in shape, 

 soft velvety brown; sepals about H m - long, oblong- 

 lanceolate; corolla 5-lobed, green at the throat; lobes 

 of the crown fleshy, deltoid, incurved, whitish. Brazil. 



L. H. B. 



MACROSTfGMA: Tupistra. 



MACROT&MIA: Arnebia (A. echioides), by some kept as a 

 distinct genus. 



MACROZAMIA (Greek, long or large, Zamia). 

 Cycadacex. Cycas-like plants, grown under glass and 

 suitable for the open far South. 



The genus is less allied to Cycas than to Dioon and 

 Encephalartos, from which it is distinguished by the fol- 

 lowing characters: lys. pinnate: scales of the female 

 cones peltate, the shield thickened, ascending, usually 

 produced into an erect, acuminate blade. It is to Aus- 

 tral, what Encephalartos is to S. and Cent. Afr., but 

 that genus differs, according to Bentham, in much more 

 rigid habit and very obtuse or truncate cone-scales. It 

 is closely allied to the American Zamia, which differs 

 in its cones and the articulate attachment of the pinnae. 

 A dozen and more species in Austral., which, like 

 most of the members of this order, make noble foliage 

 plants for private conservatories. They have the trunk 

 and Ivs. of cycas, except that the pinnae have no midrib 

 but are more or less distinctly striate, especially on the 

 under side, with several parallel equal veins, the whole 

 If. occasionally twisted in some species, but not con- 

 stantly so in any one. The treatment in this account is 

 adapted from Bentham. 



Macrozamias are representative rather than useful 

 subjects, and not frequently seen. They combine 

 poorly in any scheme of plant and flower decoration; 

 but as single specimens, they always attract attention, 

 and in a grouping of similar subjects, or with aloes, 

 agaves and yuccas they make an effective combination. 

 Their culture is easy. Sandy soil, with charcoal, to 

 keep the soil sweet, ordinary greenhouse temperature, 

 plenty of water during the growing season, which cor- 

 responds to our summer, and rest in winter, are the 

 essentials. (T. D. Hatfield.) 



A. Pinnae very narrow, often nearly terete: cones small, 



rarely above 4 in-; fr- very woolly. 

 Paulo-Guilielmi, Hill & Muell. (M. plumbsa, A. 

 Mohr.). Trunk short, scarcely protruding from the 

 ground, bearing the woolly bases of old petioles: Ivs. 

 1-3 ft. long, the rachis narrow and often flat on top; 

 pinnae many, very narrow or even almost terete, con- 

 tracted at the base: male cones about 3 in. long; females 

 about 4 in. long and half as thick. R.H. 1877, p. 254. 

 G.Z. 20, p. 64. 



AA. Pinnse flat, inserted on the margins of the rachis, 

 contracted at the base: cones J+-10 in., glabrous. 



B. Rachis of Ivs. usually raised longitudinally between the 



pinnse: cone-scales much flattened. 

 spiralis, Miq. Trunk short: Ivs. 2-4 ft. long: pinnae 

 with mostly longitudinal insertion, flat, straight or 

 slightly falcate, to 8 or 10 in. long, slightly contracted 

 and callous at base, lower margin slightly decurrent, 

 marked on underside with parallel longitudinal veins: 

 male cones 6-10 in. long, with much flattened scales; 

 female cones usually shorter and thicker than the males, 

 the scales with incurved short point. G.C. III. 13:74. 

 M. cylindrica, Hort., Bentham considers a doubtful 

 variety of M. spiralis, being smaller, with the narrow 

 foliage nearly of M. Paulo-Guilielmi, but with a gla- 



brous trunk and more terete rachis. M. cordllipes, 

 Hook, f., has the callous base of the pinnae bright red. 

 B.M. 5943. G.Z. 21, p. 170. 



BB. Rachis of Ivs. very flat between the pinnse and often 



broad: cone-scales very thick. 



Miquelii, F. Muell. Typically with base of petioles 

 woolly, rachis broad and flat and cone-scales thick, but 

 variable: Ivs. 2-4 ft. long; pinnse usually longer than in 

 M. spiralis. straight or falcate, the longitudinal veins 

 finer and less promin'ent: male cones 6-8 in. long, 

 cylindrical; female about as long and thicker, the 

 scales mostly with a long point. M. Mackenzei is 

 apparently a form of this species. G.Z. 22, p. 49. 



AAA. Pinnse inserted by their broad base along the center 

 of the upper surface of the rachis, scarcely sepa- 

 rated by a very narrow line: cones large, pubescent, 

 the scale points broad and often recurved, 

 Peroffskyana, Miq. (M. Perowskidna and M. 

 Denisonii, F. Muell.). Large, the trunk 18-20 ft. high 

 and 1 ft. or more diam. : Ivs. 7-12 ft. long, with angular 

 petioles; pinnae 1-2 ft. long and J^in. broad, the parallel 

 veins finely marked and very obscure, only slightly con- 

 tracted at base: male cones ovoid, 4-6 in. long and 3-4 

 in. diam.; females 8-16 in. long and very thick. 



WILHELM MILLER. 

 L. H. B.f 



MADDENIA (after Major E. Madden, who wrote on 

 Indian botany). Rosacese, subfam. Prunese. A genus of 

 5 shrubs or small trees allied to Prunus, especially to 

 the section Padus, differing chiefly in the polygamous 

 apetalous fls. with usually 10 small sepals, the staminate 

 often with 2 abortive pistils; stamens 25-40. Only the 

 following species is in cult., and has proved hardy at the 

 Arnold Arboretum, but has no particular ornamental 

 qualities. Cult, like Prunus. M. hypoxantha, Koehne. 

 Shrub or small tree, to 20 ft. : branchlets sparingly hairy: 

 Ivs. membranous, oblong to lanceolate, acuminate, cor- 

 date to broadly cuneate at the base, doubly and sharply 

 serrate, glabrous above, pubescent on the veins and 

 bright or yellowish green beneath, 3-6 in. long, with 

 12-20 pairs of veins: racemes long-peduncled, dense and 

 short; calyx about 3/gin. long, with 10 unequal small 

 teeth, stamens about 25: drupe subglobose, black, little 

 over J^in. long. May; fr. in July. W. China. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



MADDER: Root of Rubia tinctorum. 

 MADEIRA VINE: BoussingauUia. 



MADIA (Modi, the Chilean name of the common spe- 

 cies). Compdsitse. Yellow-flowered herbs confined to 

 the western part of the American continent, sometimes 

 grown in the flower-garden. 



,2294. Madia elegans. 



