1978 



MAMMILLARIA 



MAMMILLARIA 



in the groove: spines yellow in the young state, soon 

 gray; radials 6-10; central 1, longer and stouter, straight 

 or hooked in the same plant: fls. about 1 in. broad. San 

 Luis Potosi, Mex. The more constantly hooked form 

 is M. ancistracdntha, Lem. The recently described M. 

 radicantissitna, Quehl., is very near M . raphidacantha, if 

 not the same. It is found in the same locality. 



11. erecta, Lem. Branching from base and from de- 

 cumbent sts., attaining 12 in. or more in height by 3 in. 

 diam., bright green: tubercles conical, short, upright: 

 spines all yellow; radials 8-13; centrals 4 or less: fls. 2- 

 2J/2 in. diam. Cent. Mex. In the groove close to the 

 spines is often found, especially in the flowering area, a 

 conspicuous honey-gland. 



12. recurvata, Engelm. (M . recurvispina, Engelm. M. 

 nogalensis, Runge). Sts. depressed-globose and often 

 deeply concave, 6-8 in. diam., forming large masses 1-3 

 ft. diam. : tubercles short, with usually a large gland in 

 the groove near the apex: spines yellow or whitish, stiff, 

 recurved-pectinate, interwoven and covering the whole 

 plant; radials 18-20; central 1, rarely 2, recurved: fls. 

 about 1 in. long, brownish outside. 



Near Nogales, Ariz., and south- 

 ward in Sonora. 



EE. Glands none in the axils. 



13. Scheerii, Miihlpf. (Echino- 

 cdctus Poselgerianus, A. Dietr.). 

 Sts. ovate-globose, 3-6 in. diam., 

 usually simple: tubercles large and 

 distant, deeply grooved, with 1-5 

 glands in the groove : spines stout, 

 rigid, sometimes reddish; radials 

 6-16; centrals 1-5, stouter and 

 longer, 1 very stout and porrect: 

 fls. 2 in. long: seeds large for the 

 genus. S. W. Texas and south- 

 ward in Mex. Muhlenpfordt de- 

 scribed 2 species of Mammillaria 

 under this name. The first one, 

 founded in 1845, has purple fls., 

 and is different from the one here 

 described. 



14. robustispina, Engelm. (M. 

 Brownii, Toumey) . Much like the 

 preceding, but tubercles teretish, 

 no glands in the groove or some- 

 times a single one at apex: spines 



very stout; radials 10-15; central 1, longer, straight, 

 curved or even hooked, rarely an additional straight 

 upper one : fls. 2 in. long, with very slender tube : seeds 

 large. Babuquibari Mts. south of Tucson, Ariz. 



15. difficilis, Quehl. Sts. simple, nearly globose, 2^ 

 in. diam.: radial spines 12-14; central spines 4. Mex. 



16. cornifera, DC. Tubercles ovate, thick, rather 

 crowded: radial spines 15-17, ashy white, 6 lines long; 

 central 1, longer and stouter, erect, somewhat curved. 

 Mex. 



17. daimonoceras, Lem. Vertex impressed, very 

 woolly: tubercles erect-conical: spines grayish; radials 

 20 or more, the upper accessory ones fascicled; centrals 

 usually 3, stronger, the 2 upper divaricate and some- 

 what recurved, the lower horizontal or recurved. Mex. 



18. Echinus, Engelm. Differs from No. 17 in the less 

 depressed shape and rather more numerous spines. 

 S. Texas to Mex. 



19. echinoidea, Quehl. A recent species, said to have 

 come from Durango, Mex. It much resembles M. 

 Echinus. It is also to be compared with M. recurvata. 

 Fls. and fr. unknown. Not seen in Amer. 



20. scolymoides, Scheidw. At length somewhat ces- 

 pitose: tubercles conical^ bent inward and imbricated: 

 radial spines 14-20, whitish or horn-colored; centrals 

 1--4, longer and darker, the upper mingled with the up- 



2315. Mammillaria vivipara. ( X H) 



per radials, the lower stouter and bent downward: fls. 

 2 in. diam. Mex., south of the Rio Grande. 



21. radians, DC. Sts. simple: axils naked: tuber- 

 cles oval, large: spines white, rigid, subtomentose. Mex. 

 R.B. 40:186. 



22. pectinata, Engelm. St. simple: tubercles quad- 

 rangular at base, conical above; areoles round-oblong: 

 spines 16-^24, yellowish, laterally compressed at base, 

 stiff, pectinate, somewhat recurved: fls. 2^ in. diam.; 

 petals broadest above, obtusish. Pecos River and Leon 

 Springs, Texas. 



23. impexicoma, Lem. Vertex deeply impressed, 

 densely woolly: tubercles somewhat angulate; areoles 

 round: spines 18-20, gray, rigid, covering the whole 

 plant; very rarely a single porrect central. Mex. 



24. sulcata, Engelm. (M. calcarata, Engelm.). 

 Densely cespitose from the upper part of the groove: 

 tubercles 7-9 lines long, ovate-oblong, with dilated 

 base, somewhat imbricate, spreading in age: spines 

 gray, rigid, subulate; radials 12-15, the upper 3-5, fas- 

 cicled; central 1, recurved, want- 

 ing in younger plants: fls. 2J^ in. 

 in expansion, the tube red within; 

 sepals not fringed. Texas, from 

 the Brazos to the Nueces River. 



25. Nickelsae, Brandeg. (M. 

 Nickelsii, Hort.). Very near the 

 preceding, but radial spines more 

 numerous, 14-18, the fascicled 

 upper ones much longer than the 

 lower, and no central. Mex., south 

 of Laredo, Texas. 



26. conoidea, DC. (M. strobili- 

 formis, Engelm.). Ovate-conical, 

 with densely woolly vertex : tuber- 

 cles short, usually densely ap- 

 pressed-imbricate in 8-10 spiral, 

 rib-like rows: radial spines 10-16, 

 straight and stout; centrals 3-5, 

 stouter, blackish, the upper ones 

 erect-spreading, the lower stouter, 

 horizontal or deflexed: fls. about 

 1 in. in expansion, deep purple, 

 paler outside : fr. short, buried and 

 hidden in the axillary wool. N. 

 E. Mex. 



27. vivipara, Haw. Fig. 2315. 



Low and depressed globose, usually cespitose, forming 

 large masses: tubercles terete and loose: radial spines 

 12-20, slender but stiff; centrals usually 4, but some- 

 tunes as many as 8, brownish, the upper erect-spreading, 

 the lower stouter and deflexed : fls. bright purple, 1-1 J^ 

 in. in expansion; stigmas mucronate. From S. Brit. 

 Amer., through the upper Missouri region to E. Colo. 



28. radiosa, Engelm. Ovate or cylindrical, sometimes 

 proliferous: tubercles terete: radial spines 20-30, white, 

 with dusky apex, very unequal; centrals 4 or 5, stouter 

 and longer, tawny, upper ones longer, lowest shorter 

 and horizontal: fls. lJ^-2 in. in expansion; stigmas 

 obtuse. S. Texas and N. Mex. 



Var. neo-mexicana, Engelm. (M. Hirschtiana, 

 Haage f.). Lower, more or less proliferous from the 

 lower grooves: radial spines 20-40, white; centrals 3- 

 12, white below, blackish above. 



Var. borealis, Engelm. Ovate or subglobose: radial 

 spines 12-20; centrals 3-6, purple-spotted. Very near 

 M. vivipara. 



Var. arizonica, Engelm. Globose or ovate, large: 

 tubercles long-cylindrical: radial spines 15-20, whitish; 

 centrals 3-6, deep brown above: fls. large, rose-colored. 

 N. Ariz. 



Var. deserti, Engelm. Low, simple, with slender 

 nearly cylindric tubercles: radial spines 15-20; centrals 



