1982 



MAMMILLARIA 



MANDRAKE 



Var. hemisphserica, Engelm. Top rounded: radial 

 spines 9-12. N. E. Mex. 



83. Macdoftgalii, Rose. Plants low and somewhat 

 flattened on top, but very old plants nearly globular 

 and then about 5 in. diam. : tubercles flattened dorsally, 

 strongly angled: radial spines 10-12, white or some- 

 what yellowish, tipped with brown or black; central 

 spines 2, stout, yellowish, with brown tips: fls. over an 

 inch long, cream-colored: fr. red, clavate. Common in 

 the mountains about Tucson, Ariz., where it was col- 

 lected by D. T. MacDougal, for whom it is named. 

 This species is related to the Texan species commonly 

 known as M. Heyderi. 



84. meiacantha, Engelm. Fig. 2316. Usually simple: 

 tubercles rather large, sharply angled and 4-sided, 

 pyramidal: radial spines 5-9, mostly 6, white or yel- 

 lowish; central 1, rarely a second, snorter and darker 

 than the radials: fls. whitish, with reddish streak. 

 Texas. 



85. carnea, Zucc. Body dark green: tubercles rather 

 large, pyramidal, 4-angled: radial usually none, rarely 

 1-2; centrals commonly 4, in upright cross, stiff, grayish, 

 with darker tip, in young growth dark brown or reddish: 

 fls. reddish flesh-color. Mex. 



86. uncinata, Zucc. Depressed-globose to subclavate: 

 tubercles pyramidal, not strongly angled: radial spines 

 4-6, short, gray, dark-tipped; centrals 1, rarely more, 

 longer and stronger, strongly hooked, dark. Mex. 



87. Trohartii, Schum. Globose or depressed, small: 

 tubercles very small, conical, scarcely angled: radial 

 spines 5, white with dark brown tips, the lower longest; 

 central 1, dark brown, stiff. Mex. 



88. sempervivi, DC. Globose, blackish green, axils 

 woolly: tubercles short, angled: radial spines 3-7, very 

 short, only found on young tubercles; centrals only 

 about 2 lines long, stout, conical, reddish, later gray: 

 fls. dull white with reddish streak. Mex. 



89. Caput-Medftsae, Otto. Depressed -globose, dull 

 glaucous green, small: tubercles slender, angled at base: 

 spines 3-6, very short, subulate, straight, reddish when 

 young, later gray, pubescent : fls. whitish, red-streaked. 

 Mex. 



Mammillarias, in common with other cacti, run into many forms. 

 Some of these forms may be valuable to the horticulturist, and yet 

 not sufficiently distinct to warrant the giving of definite botanical 

 names. The following names, not accounted for in the above review, 

 are offered in the catalogues of American dealers: M. Brdndii. M. 

 brunea. M. cirrhifera longispina (see No. 75). M. Dondtii. M. 

 filipendula.- M. fuscdta Ledna (see Nos. 35, 62). M. Lass6meri= 

 M. Lesaunieri(?). M. melondcantha is an uncertain garden name. 

 M. montdna. M. Ntcholsonii=M. Nickelsse(?). M. Rebsami- 

 dna. M. recurnens. M. rigidispina. 



The following species, mostly recently described, have appeared 

 in foreign publications. None of them is being grown in Amer.: 

 M. Boedekeridna, Quehl. M. bombycina, Quehl. M. camptotricha, 

 E. Dams. M. cottina, Purpus. M. cordlgera, Heese. M. Emskoet- 

 teridna, Quehl. M. Joosensidna, Quehl. M. Knippelidna, Quehl. 

 M. Mundtii, Schum. M. napina, Purpus. M. pilisvina, Purpus. 

 M. ramosissima, Quehl. M. Rukstii, Quehl. M. Sdrtorii, Pur- 

 pus. M. Seidelidna, Quehl. M. trichacdntha, Schum. M. uni- 

 seta, Quehl. M. Verhssrtidna, Boedeker. 



The following species are likely to appear in the trade at any 

 time: M. ceratites, Quehl. This species has been associated with M. 

 Detetiana and M. durangensis, but it seems to be very close to M. 

 conoidea. It has not yet been intro. into American trade. M. 

 Delxtidna, Quehl. Sts. club-shaped, about 3 in. high: tubercles 

 grooved on the upper side: fls. large, pale yellow. Mex., some- 

 times credited to Calif. M. durangensis, Runge. Very beautiful 

 species with small central fls. Does not grow well in cult. M. 

 pseudoperb&la, Quehl. A species recently intro. into Eu. Very 

 close to M. elegans. Not yet cult, in Amer. j JT T> OSE f 



MANDARIN ORANGE: Citrus nobilis var. deliciosa. 



MANDEVILLA (Henry John Mandeville, British 

 minister at Buenos Ayres). Apocyndceas. Tall climbers 

 from the warmer parts of America, with large funnel- 

 shaped, 5-lobed flowers which are yellow, white or 

 rarely tinged violet. 



Woody plants: Ivs. opposite, penni veined: racemes 

 simple, often 1-sided, loose, dense or reduced to 2 or 3 

 fls.; calyx 5-parted, with several glands inside at the 



base or 5 scales; corolla-tube cylindrical, funnel-shaped, 

 or ovoid; lobes 5, broad, twisted; stamens fixed at the 

 apex of the tube, included; disk of 5 lobes or scales; 

 ovary of 2 distinct carpels; stigma thick: follicles erect 

 or divergent, incurved and more or less cohering at 

 apex, terete or angled. Species 50 or more, Mex. to 

 Argentina, but some of them probably to be referred 

 to Echites or elsewhere. The species are little known 

 as cult, subjects. The plants resemble Dipladenia, 

 which see for cult. 



suaveolens, Lindl. (Echites funiformis, Gris., not 

 Veil.). Sometimes called Chilean jasmine because of 

 its climbing habit and large white or blush fragrant fls. : 

 Ivs. cordate, stalked, glabrous above, glaucous beneath ; 

 stipules pectinate: racemes with about 9 fls. each 2 in. 

 across. Argentina. B.R. 26:7. B.M. 3797. G.C. III. 

 2:817. P.M. 16:289. R.H. 1845:167; 1913, p. 424. 

 J.H. III. 48:413. G. 29:443. Some of the foregoing 

 portraits may represent the following species, as the 

 two have been confused. Characterized by a pale, 

 fleshy pectinate ring between the base of the calyx and 

 corolla. 



Tweedieana, Gad. & Stapf . Much like M . suaveolens, 

 differing in having glabrous branches, long-acuminate or 

 almost caudate lvs. ? longer petioles, lanceolate bracts, 

 more fragrant fls. with lanceolate sepals, brilliant white 

 corolla-limb and green tube. Probably Argentina. 

 R.H. 1913, p. 425. WILHELM MILLER. 



L. H. B.f 



MANDRAGORA (name used by Hippocrates, said 

 to signify that the plant is hurtful to cattle). Soland- 

 cese. MANDRAKE. Old medicinal herbs. 



A genus of three or four species, one of which is sup- 

 posed to be the dudaim mentioned in Genesis, chapter 

 30. In America the name mandrake is applied to the 

 mayapple, Podophyllum peltatum, but the mandrake 

 of history is a plant with a large spindle-shaped root 

 which was supposed sometimes to 

 become forked and resemble the 

 1 human form. In this condition it 

 was used as an aphrodisiac. The 

 plant was also called love-apple, 

 and many superstitions about it 

 still survive. The old herbals 

 abound in fanciful pictures of the 

 mandrake, one of which is repro- 

 duced in Fig. 2317. M. officinarum 

 may be cultivated in the hardy 

 border for its folk-lore interest. 

 M. autumnalis is supposed by 

 some to be the true mandrake. 

 Both are natives of the Mediter- 

 ranean region. M. caulescens is 

 found in the Himalayas. The 

 mandrakes are allied to belladonna 

 (Atropa) and have poisonous 

 qualities. 



Mandragoras are mostly stemless perennial herbs 

 with thick roots and large, stalked, wavy-margined Ivs., 

 the later ones being usually narrower and entire, and 

 rather large fls. varying from whitish through bluish 

 violet and purplish shades: fls. purple, bell-shaped, 

 about 5-cut, netted-veined and borne in clusters among 

 the tufted Ivs.; calyx deeply 5-cut; sinus of the corolla 

 induplicate between the lobes; stamens 5:fr. a globose 

 or oblong juicy berry. 



officinarum, Linn. (M . officinalis, Mill. Atropa Man- 

 drdgora, Linn.). MANDRAKE. Lvs. ovate, the first ob- 

 tuse, the others acuminate: calyx-teeth lanceolate, as 

 long as the oblong berry. R.H. 1897, p. 131. 



WILHELM MILLER. 



MANDRAKE in America means the mayapple (Po- 

 dophyllum) but the mandrake of history is Mandra- 

 gora, above. 



2317. Mandrake. 

 From an old herbal. 

 (See Mandragora). 



