NORTH AMERICAN STATES 



NORTH AMERICAN STATES 2225 



For instance, in the home orchards throughput the 

 state may be found almost every manner of fruit. Also 

 are found numerous fruits, such as the blackberry, 

 dewberry, huckleberry, chickasaw and wild goose plums 

 and the sour cherry growing luxuriantly in the wild 

 state. 



Among the former prominent horticulturists in South 

 Carolina may be mentioned Meggot, a Huguenot, who is 

 recorded as having obtained a grant of money from the 

 legislature of South Carolina about the year 1800 for 

 the development of the grape industry; Nicholas Herbe- 

 mont, of Columbia, the originator of the Herbemont 

 grape; J. F. C. DuPre, the first Professor of Horticul- 

 ture of Clemson Agricultural College and the first Hor- 

 ticulturist of the South Carolina Experiment Station; 

 James Stanley Newman, the first Professor of Agricul- 

 ture of Clemson Agricultural College and also at one 

 time prominent in horticultural affairs in Georgia and 

 Alabama (see Volume III, page 1589). 



Public-service agencies for horticulture. 



In South Carolina the principal source of agricultural 

 information is the Clemson Agricultural College, at 

 Clemson College. This is the state's agricultural and 

 mechanical institution. It was incorporated in 1889, 

 but did not open until 1893. There are five on the 

 horticultural staff at this time. 



The South Carolina Experiment Station is a depart- 

 ment of Clemson College. It is located at the college 

 and there are two substations, one at Summerville, 

 in the Coastal region, and one at Florence, in the Pee 

 Dee region. The establishment of another substation 

 in the Sand Hill region is contemplated. The station 

 workers in horticulture are three in number. Fourteen 

 bulletins on subjects related to horticulture have been 

 published. 



Some elementary instruction in horticulture is given 

 at the Winthrop Normal and Industrial College 

 (female), Rock Hill, and at the Colored Normal and 

 Industrial Agricultural and Mechanical College, at 

 Orangeburg. Among the public schools of the state 

 there are about a hundred which are teaching agricul- 

 ture under the direction of the extension division of 

 Clemson College. In these schools horticultural 

 instruction is given, and a considerable number of them 

 have 1-acre orchard demonstration plots. The teach- 

 ing of agriculture in the public schools of the state is 

 spreading rapidly. 



The extension division of Clemson College has two 

 horticulturists working over the state throughout the 

 year. The work has concerned itself largely with build- 

 ing up commercial orcharding in the state. The peach 

 and the bunch grape are the fruits most generally 

 grown on a commercial scale. Attention has been given 

 to the question of marketing the fruit. Much has been 

 done to encourage home orchards and in most of the 

 counties there have been established model 1-acre 

 demonstration orchards. There have been campaigns 

 for the establishment of home gardens, especially fall 

 and winter gardens. Canneries have been encouraged 

 and the state is well up in the canning club work for 

 girls. The extension division at Clemson College also 

 employs an agent in marketing, who devotes part of 

 his time to bettering market conditions for horticul- 

 tural products. 



A rigid inspection service is maintained by the State 

 Crop Pest Commission, whose executive officers are 

 the plant pathologist and entomologist of Clemson 

 College. They inspect nursery stock and importations 

 of nursery stock, and in other ways prevent the spread 

 of noxious insects and diseases. 



Statistics (Thirteenth Census). 



The approximate land area of South Carolina was 

 reported in 1910 as 19,516,800 acres. The land in farms 

 as 69.2 per cent of the land area, or 13,512,028 acres. 



141 



Of this land in farms, the improved land numbered 

 6,097,999 acres; the woodland, 6,339,142 acres; and the 

 other unimproved land in farms, 1,074,887 acres. The 

 number of all the farms of the state in 1910 was 176,434, 

 and the average acreage to the farm was 76.6. [The total 

 area is 30,989 square miles.] 



The leading agricultural crops of the state are cotton, 

 including cotton seed, and cereals. The acreage devoted 

 to the production of cotton increased from 2,074,081 in 

 1899 to 2,556,467 in 1909, when the production was 

 valued at $96,381,067, which was 67.9 per cent of the 

 total value of all crops. The cereals decreased in acreage 

 from 2,251,050 in 1899 to 1,955,695 in 1909, when the 

 production was valued at $25,434,539. Hay and forage 

 increased in acreage from 106,124 in 1899 to 209,767 

 in 1909, when the production was valued at $3,189,122. 

 Tobacco increased in acreage from 25,993 in 1899 to 

 30,082 in 1909, when the production was valued at 

 $2,123,576. The value of the forest products of the 

 farms in 1909 was $4,153,092, as compared with 

 $1,915.280 in 1899. 



Horticultural crops produced are fruits and nuts, 

 small-fruits, potatoes and other vegetables, and flowers 

 and plants and nursery products. The value of the 

 fruits and nuts in 1909 was $1,121,662, as compared 

 with $360,515 in 1899. Small-fruits increased in acreage 

 from 591 in 1899 to 856 in 1909, when the production 

 was 1,408,099 quarts, valued at $113,254. In 1909 the 

 total acreage of potatoes and other vegetables was 

 109,482 and their value $6,922,021. Excluding pota- 

 toes, the acreage of the other vegetables increased 

 from 40,771 in 1899 to 51,994 in 1909, when the pro- 

 duction was valued at $3,705,991. Flowers and plants 

 and nursery products decreased in acreage from 112 

 in 1899 to 44 in 1909, when the production was valued 

 at $56,503. 



The total production of orchard-fruits in 1909 was 

 1,132,668 bushels, valued at $956,376. Peaches and 

 nectarines contributed more than half this quantity, 

 and apples most of the remainder. The production of 

 peaches and nectarines was 643,040 bushels, valued at 

 $557,303. The number of trees of bearing age in 1910 

 was 1,336,142 and those not of bearing age, 349,790. 

 Apple trees of bearing age in 1910 numbered 581,767; 

 those not of bearing age, 269,044. The production in 

 1909 was 362,800 bushels, valued at $276,410. The 

 production of the other orchard-fruits was as follows: 

 65,680 bushels or pears, valued at $67,685; 48,754 

 bushels of plums and prunes, valued at $37,555; 

 10,987 bushels of cherries, valued at $15,880; 504 

 bushels of apricots, valued at $620; 534 bushels of 

 quinces, valued at $587; and 369 bushels of mulberries, 

 valued at $336. 



The production of grapes in 1909 was 2,016,506 

 pounds, valued at $88,620. Grape-vines of bearing 

 age in 1910 numbered 79,708; those not of bearing age, 

 19,704. 



Nuts were produced in 1909 to the amount of 376,013 

 pounds, valued at $26,888. The production of the 

 various nuts was 159,823 pounds of pecans, valued at 

 $20,442; 185,252 pounds of black walnuts, valued at 

 $3,672; and 28,160 pounds of Persian or English wal- 

 nuts, valued at $2,583. Of the tropical fruits, 975,136 

 pounds of figs were produced, valued at $49,169. 



Of the small-fruits, the strawberries are the most 

 important of those grown in South Carolina. Straw- 

 berries increased in acreage from 499 in 1899 to 815 in 

 1909, when the production was 1,337,208 quarts, valued 

 at $108,938. Blackberries and dewberries decreased 

 in acreage from 39 in 1899 to 38 in 1909, when the pro- 

 duction was 64,754 quarts, valued at $3,710. Other 

 small-fruits produced were 4,955 quarts of raspberries 

 and loganberries, valued at $477 ; 999 quarts of currants, 

 valued at $102; and 183 quarts of gooseberries, valued 

 at $27. 



Concerning the potatoes and other vegetables in 



