2228 NORTH AMERICAN STATES 



NORTH AMERICAN STATES 



In the educational system of Georgia there are Con- 

 gressional District Agricultural Schools. At the present 

 time eleven districts have these institutions in opera- 

 tion. They are really secondary agricultural schools and 

 horticulture is taught. The North Georgia Agricul- 

 tural College, subdivision of the University of Georgia, 

 located at Dahlonega, also offers instruction in horti- 

 culture. The general agriculture required in the gram- 

 mar schools has some horticultural instruction, but 

 this is mostly elementary and curtailed in its extent- 

 There are no private schools offering courses along this 

 line within the state and none offering work for a 

 degree except the Georgia State College of Agricul- 

 ture, of the University. 



The extension work in horticulture is carried on 

 directly through the department of horticulture of 

 the Georgia State College of Agriculture. The special 

 extension work along horticultural lines at the present 

 time consists in the running of cooperative experi- 

 ments in various sections of the state on the different 

 horticultural crops; the organization of small truck and 

 fruit cooperative associations; the assisting of the 

 various demonstration agents, many of whom are 

 located in sections directly interested in horticulture. 

 The department is also making efforts to facilitate and 

 help in the landscaping of the school buildings of the 

 small towns and rural districts. The tune of one man 

 is devoted absolutely to the extension work and when 

 necessary other members of the department assist in 

 the extension movement. 



There is no state board of horticulture in Georgia. 

 In 1897 an act was passed by the Legislature estab- 

 lishing the State Board of Horticulture and Pomology, 

 but in 1898 this act was amended, changing this Board 

 into the State Board of Entomology. This Board 

 instituted a State Department of Entomology and 

 appointed a State Entomologist. 



The regulations of the State Board of Entomology 

 require that nurseries be inspected annually for the 

 various diseases and pests that are on their prescribed 

 list. It also requires that every plant of any kind that 

 is shipped into or from the state of Georgia must have 

 an inspection tag of the Board of Entomology attached 

 thereto. 



In 1876 P. J. Berckmans founded the Georgia State 

 Horticultural Society, at Macon. This organization 

 has persisted until the present time. 



Statistics (Thirteenth Census). 



The approximate land area of Georgia, according 

 to the census of 1910, is 37,584,000 acres, of which 71.7 

 per cent, or 26,953,413 acres are in farms. Of this 

 farm land, 45.6 per cent, or 12,298,017 acres are im- 

 proved; 13,002,741 acres are in woodland; and 1,652,- 

 655 acres are classified as other unimproved land in 

 farms. The number of all the farms in 1910 was 291,027. 

 The average acreage to the farm was 92.6. [The total 

 area is 59,265 square miles.] 



The leading agricultural crops are cotton, cereals, 

 forest products of farms, sugar crops and hay and 

 forage. In 1909 the value of the cotton crop, including 

 cotton seed, was $149,937,058, or 66.2 per cent of the 

 total value of all the crops. The cotton crop in 1909 

 occupied 39.7 per cent of the improved land area, or 

 4,883,304 acres, as compared with 3,513,839 acres in 

 1899. The cereals occupied 3,906,703 acres in 1909 or 

 31.8 per cent of the improved land area, and the pro- 

 duction of cereals was valued at $42,405,019, which was 

 18.7 per cent of the total value of all crops. The value 

 of the forest products of the farms was $8,938,390 in 

 1909 as compared with $3,217,119, their value in 1899. 

 The acreage of sugar crops in 1909 was 52,707; in 1899 it 

 was 37,609 and the value of the sugar crops in 1909 was 

 $2,689,056, as compared with $1,731,296, their value 

 in 1899. Hay and forage increased in acreage from 

 137,312 in 1899 to 253,157 in 1909, an increase of 84.4 



per cent. The value of the hay and forage produced in 

 1909 was $4,056,907, thus making hay and forage above 

 the sugar crops in point of value. 



Horticultural crops grown in Georgia are fruits and 

 nuts, vegetables, including potatoes and sweet potatoes 

 and yams, peanuts, small-fruits, and flowers and plants 

 and nursery products. The value of the fruits and nuts 

 in 1909 was $3,143,114, as compared with $673,189, 

 their value in 1899, showing an increase of 366.9 per 

 cent in value. In 1909 the total acreage of vegetables 

 was 187,328 and their value $10,614,601. The produc- 

 tion of peanuts was 2,569,787 bushels, from a reported 

 acreage of 160,317, and their value was $2,440,926. 

 Small-fruits decreased in acreage from 1,634 in 1899 to 

 988 in 1909, and the value of their products in 1909 was 

 $111,754. The growing of flowers and plants and 

 nursery products is of some importance in Georgia. 

 The acreage increased from 1,034 in 1899 to 1,646 in 

 1909, an increase of 59.2 per cent. The value of the 

 flower and plant and nursery products in 1909 was 

 $637,860. 



The production of orchard-fruits in 1909 was 256.8 

 per cent greater than in 1899, the total quantity pro- 

 duced in 1909 being 3,670,830 bushels, valued at 

 $2,930,793. Peaches and nectarines contributed about 

 two-thirds of this quantity and apples and pears most 

 of the remainder. The production of peaches and 

 nectarines in 1909 was 2,555,499 bushels, as compared 

 with 259,728 bushels, the production in 1899, and their 

 value in 1909 was $2,182,613. The production of apples 

 in 1909 was 895,613 bushels, valued at $555,744; that 

 of pears 149,667 bushels, valued at $134,604. The pro- 

 duction and value of the other orchard-fruits in 1909 

 follow: plums and prunes, 60,845 bushels, valued at 

 $46,366; cherries, 4,979 bushels, valued at $7,199; 

 quinces, 2,021 bushels, valued at $2,272; mulberries, 

 1,766 bushels, valued at $1,449; and 440 bushels of 

 apricots, valued at $546. 



In 1910, the number of grape-vines of bearing age in 

 Georgia was 277,658; those not of bearing age 38,233. 

 The production of grapes in 1909 was 2,767,366 pounds, 

 valued at $99,216; the production in 1899 was 8,330,485 

 pounds. 



The value of aU nuts produced in 1909 was $61,106. 

 The production was 845,553 pounds. The leading nuts 

 grown, their production and value for 1909 follow: 

 pecans, 354,046 pounds, valued at $47,845; black 

 walnuts, 427,607 pounds, valued at $8,598; and 56,585 

 pounds of Persian or English walnuts, valued at $4,161. 

 Other nuts growing in Georgia are hickory -nuts, 

 hazel-nuts, Brazil-nuts, Japan-nuts, chestnuts, beech- 

 nuts, almonds and others. 



The tropical fruits produced in Georgia in 1909 were 

 valued at $51,999. The most important of these, their 

 production, and value were figs, producing 1,183,494 

 pounds, valued at $50,326, and pomegranates, produ- 

 cing 27,365 pounds, valued at $920. 



Strawberries are by far the most important of the 

 small-fruits raised in Georgia. In 1909 the production, 

 from 890 acres reported, was 1,157,472 quarts, valued 

 at $101,161. The production of blackberries and dew- 

 berries was 67,285 quarts, valued at $5,594; that of 

 raspberries and loganberries, 33,928 quarts valued at 

 $4,663. Other small-fruits of minor importance are 

 currants and gooseberries. 



Of the vegetables in 1909 the sweet potatoes and 

 yams were by far the most important. The production 

 of sweet potatoes and yams from a reported acreage of 

 84,038 was 7,426,131 bushels, valued at $4,349,806. 

 The production of potatoes from a reported acreage of 

 11,877 was 886,430 bushels, valued at $684,427. The 

 area of other important vegetables grown in 1909 and 

 the value of their products follow: watermelons, 

 16,298 acres, valued at $410,147; cantaloupes and musk- 

 melons, 3,022 acres valued at $209,161; green beans, 

 1,484 acres, valued at $102,488; tomatoes, 756 acres, 



