NORTH AMERICAN STATES 



NORTH AMERICAN STATES 2275 



duction in 1909 was 350,023 bushels, valued at $319,691. 

 Peach and nectarine trees of bearing age in 1910 num- 

 bered 544,314; those not of bearing age, 651,233. The 

 production in 1909 was 143,237 bushels, valued at 

 $156,451. The production of the other orchard-fruits 

 in 1909 was: 68,249 bushels of plums and prunes, valued 

 at $54,040; 21,402 bushels of cherries, valued at $54,170; 

 38,654 bushels of pears, valued at $44,365; 12,047 

 bushels of apricots, valued at $12,037; and 118 bushels 

 of quinces, valued at $135. 



The production of grapes in 1909 was 1,576,363 

 pounds, valued at $28,126. Grape-vines of bearing age 

 in 1910 numbered 204,445 and those not of bearing age, 

 94,043. 



The production of nuts in 1909 was 16,649 pounds, 

 valued at $1,547. The nuts contributing to this quan- 

 tity were 10,664 pounds of almonds, valued at $1,014, 

 and 5,985 pounds of Persian or English walnuts, 

 valued at $533. The production of tropical fruits was 

 valued at $588, of which figs produced $576. 



Strawberries are by far the most important of the 

 small-fruits grown in Utah, with raspberries and logan- 

 berries ranking next. The acreage of strawberries 

 increased from 345 in 1899 to 719 in 1909, when the 

 production was 1,832,796 quarts, valued at $125,854. 

 Raspberries and loganberries increased in acreage from 

 284 in 1899 to 374 in 1909, when the production was 

 758,317 quarts, valued at $54,826. Blackberries and 

 dewberries increased in acreage from 72 in 1899 to 95 

 in 1909, when the production was 184,140 quarts, valued 

 at $13,447. Currants decreased in acreage from 194 in 

 1899 to 128 in 1909, when the production was 195,901 

 quarts, valued at $13,435. Gooseberries decreased in 

 acreage from 110 in 1899 to 100 in 1909, when the 

 production was 147,241 quarts, valued at $9,765. 



Potatoes, the most important of the vegetables, 

 increased in acreage from 10,433 in 1899 to 14,210 in 

 1909, when the production was 2,409,093 bushels, 

 valued at $873,961. Of the other vegetables grown, the 

 more important were: 1,571 acres of tomatoes, valued 

 at $154,455; 210 acres of cabbage, valued at $24,922; 

 323 acres of green peas, valued at $18,810; 192 acres of 

 cantaloupes and muskmelons, valued at $16,917; 72 

 acres of onions, valued at $13,394; 137 acres of water- 

 melons, valued at $12,232; 43 acres of celery, valued at 

 $10,835; 99 acres of asparagus, valued at $10,645; and 

 120 acres of sweet corn, valued at $8,842. Vegetables 

 of less importance were green beans, beets, carrots, 

 cauliflower, pop-corn, cucumbers, squash and turnips. 



The acreage devoted to the production of flowers and 

 plants increased from 14 in 1899 to 20 in 1909. The 

 total area under glass in 1909 was 261,292 square feet, 

 of which 249,280 were covered by greenhouses, and 

 12,012 by sashes and frames. The flowers and plants 

 produced in 1909 were valued at $81,116, as compared 

 with $34,173 in 1899. 



The acreage occupied by nursery products increased 

 from 236 in 1899 to 577 in 1909, when the products 

 were valued at $188,455, as compared with $120,648, 

 in 1899 - . L. D. BATCHELOR. 



Nevada. 



Nevada (Fig. 2531) comprises the western half of the 

 Great Basin or plateau situated between the Rocky 

 and Sierra Nevada mountain ranges. The general ele- 

 vation of this plateau varies from 4,000 to 6,000 feet. 

 Within the limits of Nevada there are numerous 

 parallel mountain ranges sheltering approximately 200 

 valleys. 



The climate is comparatively mild and semi-arid. 

 The annual precipitation at the base of the main ranges 

 varies from 10 to 26 inches in the west to 15 inches in 

 the east and is as little as 3 inches in the interior val- 

 leys. In southern Nevada, the annual precipitation is 5 

 to 7 inches. On the mountain ranges the maximum 



winter precipitation in the form of snow reaches the 

 water equivalent of 30 inches. Since two-thirds 

 of the total annual precipitation occurs in the non- 

 growing season, snow is the main dependence of the 

 state for moisture on both range and farm, and is con- 

 served by the mountains. Of these, the Sierra Nevada, 

 Toyabe, Ruby, and Independence Ranges, three 

 of which attain a maximum elevation of 11,400 to 

 14,500 feet, are the watersheds of the larger streams 

 from which water for irrigation is derived. These 

 streams, the Walker, Carson, Truckee, Reese, and Hum- 

 boldt, traverse broad valleys and empty within the 

 state. The Snake and the Colorado, on the northern 



1 





L| *I*M . 1 1 "N 



I I UNDER SpOO FT. 



Bl 6.000 -0,000 ' 



H OVER 8,OOO " 

 ...- WATER DIVIPE 



2531. Nevada, showing geographical 

 features. 



and southern borders, are of little economic importance. 

 The Muddy and its tributary, the Virgin, which flow 

 into the Colorado, supply a limited area in southern 

 Nevada. 



The mean annual relative humidity is only 50 per 

 cent. The rate of evaporation from water surfaces 

 relative to other parts of the United States is high. 

 Although strong winds occur frequently, destructive 

 or blasting winds are rare. The mean annual velocity 

 of the wind at Reno is 7 miles an hour. 



According to temperature, which determines the 

 length of the growing season and the type of products, 

 Nevada is divided into three main divisions: northern 

 and western Nevada, central Nevada, and southern 

 or subtropical Nevada. The mean minimum tempera- 

 ture in northern Nevada ranges from 33.1 F. in the 

 west (elevation 4,500 feet) to 30.2 F. in the east (ele- 

 vation 6,000 feet); and the mean maximum tempera- 

 ture from 67.4 F. to 60.8 F. In central Nevada (ele- 

 vation above 6,000 feet), the mean minimum tempera- 

 ture is 31.5 F. and the mean maximum 60.6 F., a 

 condition too precarious for other than home horticul- 

 ture. In southern Nevada (elevation below 3,000 feet), 



