ONION 



ONOPORDON 



2353 



to act as an insecticide and a repellent, besides being of 

 value as a fertilizer. 



Thrips attack the leaves at times, and become so 

 numerous as to cause the tips to turn brown and 

 finally destroy the whole leaf. Besides the insect 

 injury they open the way for such fungi as Macrospo- 

 rium. This insect may be treated successfully with 

 kerosene emulsion, tobacco decoction, resin wash and 

 possibly with kerosene-water mixture, p jj. ROLFS. 



ONION, SEA: Urginea maritima; also applied to Ornithogalum 

 caudatum. 



ONOBRYCHIS (Greek, asses' food). Leguminosse. 

 Among cultivated plants, this genus contributes the 

 sainfoin, used for forage. The group yields little in the 

 way of ornamentals. 



Perennial, sometimes shrubby and spiny: Ivs. odd- 

 pinnate, with entire not stipellate Ifts.: fls. purplish, 

 rose-colored or whitish, in axillary peduncled spikes or 

 racemes; calyx-lobes subulate, for the most part nearly 

 equal; corolla papilionaceous, the standard obovate or 

 obcordate and narrowed toward the base; wings short; 

 keel obtuse, equaling or exceeding the standard; sta- 

 mens 9 and 1; ovary 1-2-ovuled: pod sessile, flat and 

 hard, 1-seeded and indehiscent. Species 80 and more, 

 Eu., N. Afr. and W. Asia. Closely related to Hedy- 

 sarum, but differing in the 1-seeded or 1-jointed pod. 



viciaefdlia, Scop. (0-. sativa, Lam. Hedysarum Ondb- 

 rychis, Neck.). SAINFOIN or SAINTFOIN. HOLY CLO- 

 VER. ESPARCET. Perennial herb with ascending sts. 

 1-2 ft. long: Ifts. many, oblong, somewhat downy or 

 pubescent beneath and glabrous above: peduncle 

 exceeding the If., the spike lengthening; fls. pale pink 

 (varying to white) : pod twice exceeding the If., strongly 

 curved on the lower edge, with short teeth on the 

 margin and sometimes prickly. Cent, and S. Eu., 

 Temp. Asia. Grown for forage. It requires a lime- 

 stone soil, and in the U. S. is grown chiefly in the south- 

 ern states, but it has never become agriculturally 

 important in this country. The seeds are nutritious 

 and are eaten by fowls. From 100-150 Ibs. of seed are 

 sown to the acre. L H. B.t 



ONOCLEA (Greek, closed vessel; alluding to the 

 closely rolled sporophylls) . Polypodiacese. A small 

 group of coarse ferns of north temperate regions, with 

 creeping rootstocks, anastomosing veins and two sorts 

 of Ivs., the segms. of the sporophylls being closely 

 rolled about the sporangia into bead-like bodies. For 

 O. Struthiopteris, see Matteuccia. 



Onocleas are tenacious of life, and will grow under 

 almost any conditions, especially O. sensibilis, but they 

 prefer a moist, rather heavy loam, in a cool but not 

 necessarily shaded position. 0. Struthiopteris (a 

 Matteuccia) in the sunny border is likely to burn dur- 

 ing severe drought. It is a suitable deciduous fern for 

 the greenhouse, and may easily be had in foliage 

 before their natural season. (F. W. Barclay.) 



sensibilis, Linn. SENSITIVE-FERN. Fig. 2592. A 

 coarse, easily grown fern, a native species, with broad 

 triangular Ivs., growing in low, wet places. Sensitive 

 only in that it does not stand frost. 



L. M. UNDERWOOD. 



ONONIS (old Greek name). Leguminbsse. REST- 

 HARROW. Good plants for borders and rock-gardens, 

 with clover-like leaves. 



Annual, biennial or perennial, often shrubby; 

 glabrous or villous: Ivs. usually pinnately foliolate, the 

 stipules attached to the petiole: fls. papilionaceous, 

 yellow, purple, pink or rarely white, solitary, 2-3 in 

 the axils or in peduncled racemes; calyx bell-shaped, 

 5-parted, deeply cut, narrow; standard large, striped; 

 stamens united in a tube, the members sometimes 

 partly free: pod usually swollen, few-seeded. Some 

 70 species, Canaries, Medit. region, to Cent, and N. 



149 



Eu. A few of the perennial species are more or less in 

 cult. They thrive under usual treatment; prop, by 

 division and by seeds. Sometimes the Ivs. are 1-folio- 

 late. 



A. Fls. solitary or in groups of 2-3, rose-colored. 



rotundifdlia, Linn. A neat, attractive, shrubby, 

 hardy plant lj^ ft. high: Ivs. trifoliolate; Ifts. subrotund 

 to ovate, serrate: peduncles axillary; racemes 2-3-fld.; 

 fls. pea-like, bright rose, not bracted; standard striped 

 with lines of a deeper shade. S. Eu. B.M. 335. G.L. 

 27: 131. Of easy cult, in border and rockery, not liking 

 too much shade. Summer. 



hircina, Jacq. (0. altissima, Lam.). Erect, spineless, 

 more or less villous, 1-2 ft.: Ifts. 3, oblong-lanceolate, 

 acute, serrate: fls. about 2 together, rose and white, 

 May-July or Aug. Eu. A pretty plant for rather 

 dryish borders and rocky places. 



spindsa, Linn. Somewhat shrubby, spinose, the sts. 

 more or less erect: Ifts. 3, oblong with cuneate base, 

 subentire: fls. solitary, rose-colored. Eu. 



2592. Sensitive fern. Onoclea sensibilis. Fruiting frond at A. 



fruticdsa, Linn. Sturdy compact little woody bush 

 about 1 ft. high and becoming much broader: Ifts. 3, 

 to 1 ^ in. long, lanceolate and deeply serrate : peduncles 

 about 3-fld. and collected into racemes or clusters; 

 standard pale rose with central stripe, wings whitish 

 suffused pink. Eu. B.M. 317. L.B.C. 16:1569. G.C. 

 III. 47:420. Excellent for rock-garden. 



AA. Fls. solitary, yellow. 



Natrix, Linn. GOAT- ROOT. YELLOW -FLOWERED 

 REST-HARROW. Low, much-branched perennial: st. 

 1-1^2 ft- high: Ivs. trifoliolate; Ifts. elliptical or oblong, 

 serrated near the apex or sometimes entire; stipules 

 large: fls. axillary, the standard finely striped with red. 

 Midsummer to fall. B.M. 329. M fj COTTLSTON. 



L/H.'B.f 



ONOPORDON (old Greek name). Sometimes written 

 Onopdrdum. Composites. Coarse woolly Old World herbs. 



Stems stout (sometimes acaulescent), winged by the 

 decurrent bases of the Ivs., which are large, alternate, 

 prickly, dentate or pinnately cut: involucre globose, 

 the bracts imbricated in many series, and in some cases 

 spiny; receptacle flat, fleshy, honeycombed, not bristly; 

 pappus not plumose, but with bristles in several series. 

 About 12 species, annual and biennial. 



A. Involucral bracts erect and oppressed. 



B. Sts. usually nearly simple, the heads often solitary. 



arabicum, Linn. St. tall, swollen and deeply winged 

 by the decurrent Ivs.: branches numerous, short, erect: 

 Ivs. ovate-lanceolate, sinuate and spiny: fls. in dense, 



