OSTROWSKIA 



OTHONNA 



2415 



lobes of the corolla and of the cells of the ovary and 

 stigmas, and by the pores in the caps, double the num- 

 ber of sepals. The single species is a stately plant of 

 Cent. Asia, first described as recently as 1884, and 

 exhibited in England in 1888. It is a hardy plant, 

 prop, readily by seeds if they are sown as soon as 

 mature, although the plants may not bloom under 3 or 

 4 years. The long tuberous roots do not bear division 

 well and this is probably one reason why it is not 

 more popular with dealers. 



The reason for 0. inagnifica not being catalogued in 

 this country is the difficulty in its successful growing 



2684. Ostrya virginiana. Hop hornbeam. ( X l /Q 



and over-wintering. It requires a light sandy soil, rich 

 in humus and of considerable depth, for the roots of the 

 thick fleshy stock go down deep. A high ground and 

 open sunny exposure are a necessity. After the flowering 

 season, plants like oriental poppies and ostrowskia dry 

 up and should be kept dormant. To prevent growing in 

 autumn, plantations should be protected from exces- 

 sive moisture. A slopy ground with good drainage is of 

 advantage. For winter cover, dry pine-needles covered 

 with tar-paper are best; leaves will also answer, but by 

 all means avoid manure protection. In early spring, 

 the young growth needs to be protected from late 

 frosts. Treated this way, ostrowskias can be grown in 

 this country and are indeed beautiful border plants. 

 Propagation is by root- or top-cuttings in spring. 

 Seeds unless sown fresh, require a long time for germina- 

 tion. Seedlings require from three to four years culti- 

 vating before reaching a really effective size. (Richard 

 Rothe.) 



magnifica, Regel. GIANT BELL-FLOWER. Fig. 2683. 

 Tall strict glabrous herb, 4 or 5 ft. or more high, sim- 

 ple, with tuberous roots: Ivs. in distant whorls of 4 or 

 5, ovate, toothed, short-stalked, 4-6 in. long: fls. 4 in. 

 across at the mouth, pale lilac, but varying somewhat 

 in tint; corolla broad-campanulate, the tube 2 in. long 

 and ribbed, the lobes short and broader than long; 

 calyx-lobes 2 in. long, spreading or recurved; floral 

 parts 5-9, usually 7; style large, thick, yellow. E. 

 Bokhara, at 7,000 ft. B.M. 7472. G.C. III. 4:65; 

 47:400, 401. Gn. 34:604; 52, p. 481; 64, p. 381; 73, p. 

 375; 75, p. 382; 77, p. 361; 78, p. 374. J.H. III. 60:493. 

 Gt. 50, p. 431. G.W. 4, p. 387. Gn.W. 20:313. G. 

 30:351; 34:259. G.M. 31:459, 461; 51:765. R.H. 

 1893:472 and p. 473; 1888, p. 344. I.H. 35:71. S.H. 

 1:437. G.F. 6:276. A.F. 4:331. L. H. B.f 



OSTRYA (ancient name). Betidacese. HOP HORN- 

 BEAM. Trees grown for their handsome foliage. 



Deciduous: winter-buds conspicuous, pointed: Ivs. 

 alternate, doubly serrate, plaited on the straight veins, 

 with oblong or lanceolate stipules: fls. monoecious, 

 in catkins; the staminate catkins slender, pendulous, 

 with 3-14 stamens in the axil of each bract; filaments 

 forked; pistillate upright, slender, with 2 fls. in the 

 axil of each bract; the 2-ovuled ovary crowned by 2 

 slender stigmas and inclosed in a tubular involucre: fr. 

 a nutlet inclosed by the bladder-like involucre; the 

 inflated involucres loosely imbricated to form a strobile, 

 resembling that of the hop. Four closely related 

 species in N. Amer., Eu., and E. Asia. From Car- 

 pinus distinguished by the bladder-like involucre. 



The hop hornbeams are small or medium-sized trees 

 with slender spreading branches forming a round or 

 open head, with handsome bright green foliage, and 

 rather inconspicuous flowers appearing with or before 

 the leaves, followed by the attractive light green stro- 

 biles contrasting with the darker foliage. They are 

 hardy and slow-growing, well adapted for planting in 

 dry and exposed localities. The heavy and tough, very 

 close-grained wood is used chiefly for fence-posts, 

 handles of tools and other small articles. Propagation 

 is by seed sown soon after maturity or stratified, other- 

 wise it will usually not germinate until the second year; 

 rarer kinds may be grafted on a common species or on 

 the hornbeam. 



virginiana, Koch (0. virginica, Willd.). Fig. 2684. 

 Tree, to 30, occasionally to 50 ft.: Ivs. oblong-ovate, 

 acuminate, glabrous above, pubescent on the veins 

 below, with 11-15 pairs of veins, 3-5 in. long: strobiles 

 slender-stalked, pendulous, \ l A-2}/2 in. long; nutlets 

 spindle-shaped glabrous or nearly so. Dry woods. Cape 

 Breton to Minn., south to Fla. and Texas. S.S. 9:445. 

 Gn. 24, pp. 230, 231. The Ivs. change to clear yellow. 



O. carpinifdlia, Scop. (O. vulgaris, Willd. O. italica, Winkl. 

 O. virginiana var. carpinifolia, Schneid.). Tree, to 30 or occasionally 

 50 ft.: Ivs. short-acuminate, pubescent on both sides while young: 

 nutlet ovoid, pubescent at the apex. Eu. R.H. 1905, pp. 188, 189. 

 H.W. 2:18, p. 35. G.C. III. 8:274. Gn. 24, p. 231. G. 7:689. O. 

 japdnica, Sarg. (O. virginiana var. japonica, Schneid.). Tree, to 60 

 ft.: Ivs. pubescent beneath: strobiles shorter; nutlets glabrous at the 

 apex. Japan. G.F. 6:384. S.I.F 1:25. 0. Kndwltonii, Coville. 

 Tree, to 30 ft.: Ivs. ovate or elliptic, obtuse or acute, 1-2 in. long: 

 strobiles 1-1 1 A in. long; nutlets minutely pubescent. Ariz. G.F. 



7:115. S.S. 9:446. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



OSTRYOPSIS (meaning Ostrya-like). BetuLacese. 

 A shrub most nearly related to Ostrya, but frs. tightly 

 inclosed by the 3-parted involucre collected into slen- 

 der-stalked heads or short racemes: anthers and fila- 

 ments not divided. In habit and foliage it resembles 

 Corylus. The only species is O. Davidiana, Decne. Low 

 shrub: winter-buds obtuse: Ivs. ovate, doubly serrate 

 and slightly lobed, pubescent beneath, 1^-2 in. long: 

 involucre narrowed above the nutlet, J^in. long. N. and 

 W. China, Mongolia. L.I. 3. Has proved hardy at the 

 Arnold Arboretum. Cult, and prop, like ostrya or 

 corylus. ALFRED REHDER. 



OTAHEITE. Tahiti or Tahitian, for an island in the 

 South Pacific, under French rule, as the Otaheite orange 

 and Otaheite mulberry. 



OTHERA JAP6NICA: Ilex integra. 



OTHONNA (ancient Greek name, of no particular 

 application here). Compdsitae. Herbs and shrubs,* of 

 which one is in cultivation as a window-garden plant. 



Heads usually yellow, with fertile rays and sterile 

 tubular disk-florets; torus convex or somewhat conical, 

 usually honeycombed; scales of involucre in one series, 

 more or less united to the base, valvate; style of disk-fls. 

 not divided: achenes oval, with bristle-like pappus in 

 many rows or series. About 80 S. African species, of 

 which only one appears to be in general cult., and this 

 has no established vernacular name in this country, 

 although it is sometimes dubbed "little pickles" 

 because of its cylindrical pulpy lys. 



The plant shown in Fig. 2685 is commonly known as 

 Othonna crassifolia, but thereby arises a puzzle hi 

 nomenclature. By Linnaeus a certain flat-leaved plant 

 was called Othonna crassifolia. Subsequently some of 

 the species of Othonna were separated by Jaubert & 

 Spach into a distinct genus, Othonnopsis, distinguished 

 by involucral scales distinct and style of the disk-florets 

 two-parted. One of the plants relegated to this new 

 genus was Othonna cheirifolia, Linn., which then became 

 Othonnopsis cheirifolia, Jaubert & Spach. Bentham & 

 Hooker consider Linnaeus' Othonna crassifolia to be a 

 horticultural form of Othonnopsis cheirifolia. It was 



