2436 



PJEONIA 



Var. elatior, G. Anders. Lvs. broadly oblong: fls. rich 

 crimson, very large: receptacle with few processes, and 

 a connection between the carpels at their base of similar 

 surface and appearance to that of the carpels. 



P. Brdteri, Boiss. & Reut. (P. corallina var. Broteri, Huth) Fls 

 red, varying to white: carpels densely white-tomentose: allied to 

 P. officmahs and P. corallina in Ivs. and habit. P. cdrsica Sieber 

 Much like P. coriacea. P. Emddii, Wall. Closely related' to and 

 sometimes regarded as a synonym of P. anomala. B.M. 5719 

 Gn. 45:70. P. humilis, Retz. (P. peregrina var. humilis, Huth).' 

 Rather low: fls. bright red: carpels glabrous or very nearly so 

 B.M. 1422. P. microcdrpa, Boiss. & Reut. Allied to the preceding 

 and referred to it by Huth, but dwarfer. Var. Jonathan Gibson is a 

 garden form, with very downy Ivs. P. mtllis, G. Anders. Low, 

 about 1 ft., with 1 fl. to the st.: Ivs. dull green above, glaucous and 

 pubescent beneath, with many oblong-lanceolate segms. : fls. deep 

 red and subsessile: carpels 2-3, pilose, erect-curved. A doubtful 

 species allied to P. anomala. L.B.C. 13:1263. P. piibens, Sims. 

 Allied to P. officinalis probably: Ivs. hairy below, margins red 

 P. . Russii, Biv. (P. corallina var. Russii, Huth). Allied to P. cor- 

 allma, but with the Ivs. decidedly hairy below. P. sessilifldra 

 feims. Nearly related to P. mollis; very low: fls. subsessile, white. 

 P. tnternata, Pallas (P. corallina var. Pallasii, Huth). Differs 

 from P. corallina in its rounded Ivs., green st., and rose or whitish 

 fls. B.M. 1441 (P. daurica). v r< *r\ 



K. C. DAVIS. 

 L. H. B.f 



PAINTED CUP: Castilleja. 



PAINTED LEAF: Euphorbia heterophylla. 

 PALAF6XIA HOOKERlANA: Polyopteris. 

 PALAQUlUM: Isonandra. 



PALAUA (after Anton Palau y Verdera, professor of 

 botany at Madrid the latter half of the eighteenth cen- 

 tury). Also written Palava, under which name it 

 appears in lists. Malydcese. Flower-garden herbs. 



Annual or perennial, tqmentose or somewhat gla- 

 brous: Ivs. usually lobed, dissected or sinuate: bractlets 

 0: fls. purple or purplish, axillary, peduncled, solitary: 

 calyx 5-cut; stamens in a column which is much divided 

 at the top; ovary many-celled; style stigmatose at the 

 apex: carpels crowded without order. Species 9 in 

 1908, as accepted by Ulbrich in Engler's Jahrb. 42; 

 Peru and Chile. 



dissecta, Benth. (P.flexubsa, Mast.). Slender annual, 

 branched from roots: sts. 8-12 in. long, ascending, 

 flexuous above: If .-stalks 1-2 in. long; blades 1-2 in. 

 long and broad, triangular in outline, pinnatifid, the 

 segms. lobed; lobes obtuse: fls. many, well separated 

 from the foliage, about 1 in. across, lilac with whitish 

 center, the stamens rose-purple and arranged in 5 

 longitudinal series; styles 25-30. Peru. B.M. 5768 

 H.F. II. 12:43. L. H. B 



PALAVA: Palava. 



PALISOTA (named in honor of A. M. F. J. Palisot de 

 Beauvois, 1752-1820, French administrator, traveler 

 and botanist). Commelinacese. Perennial herbs, some- 

 times grown as pot or tub specimens under glass, as in 

 palm houses, for the foliage. 



Stem or caudex either long or very short, simple or 

 nearly so, with the Ivs. crowded at the top or base: Ivs. 

 long, parallel-veined, hairy when young and the mar- 

 gins with reddish or grayish hairs: fls. mostly white or 

 purplish or rose, in many small cymes which are 

 arranged in a dense or elongated panicle on mostly 

 1 peduncle that is terminal or essentially so; sepals and 

 petals 3, the latter obovate; stamens 3, perfect, and 2 or 

 3 bearded staminodes; ovary 3-celled, with 1-several 

 ovules in each: fr. a colored fleshy or succulent inde- 

 hiscent berry. Species about 15, in Trop. Afr. Little 

 known in cult, outside of collections. The Ivs. are often 

 banded or striped, and the colored hairs make them 

 conspicuous. For cult., see Commelina, p. 835. 



P. Albertii, Gentil. Sub-caulescent: much like P. Elizabeth 

 but Ivs. not variegated and petioles without marginal hairs, also 

 stronger-growing: Ivs. very dark green, grayish hairy beneath, 

 j I L g , 4 ~ 10 ln - mde - lng-attenuate to petiole, the latter 

 widely channeled. Habitat not given. P. Bdrteri, Hook. f. Sts 

 1-5 in. long, with Ivs. near the base (i. e., practically radical), the 

 young parts shaggy hairy: Ivs. to 2 ft. long by about 4 in. wide, 

 obovate-lanceolate, abruptly contracted into a tip 1 in. long at 



PALIURUS 



maturity with densely hairy margins but otherwise often nearly 

 glabrous: mfl about 2 in. long (or longer in cult.), very many-fld 

 fls. pale purplish. Upper Guinea. B.M. 5318. P. tricolor Mast' 

 imperfectly known, has oblong-obovate Ivs. about 1 ft lone with 

 a A a C and ln , center of greenish yellow, the margins brown-hairy 



1 fleshy petiole with broad purplish band. Upper Guinea F 



Elizabeths, Gentil (P. Pynaertii var. Elizabeths, Hort.). Caules- 

 cent: Ivs. long-acuminate, obovate-lanceolate, marked with greenish 

 yellow variegation along the median line, 2-3 ft. long and 4-10 in 

 wide, long-attenuated to petiole, the latter thick and several inches 

 HK ! * b /oadly canaliculate with rufescent hairs on the margin. 

 Habitat not given. G.C. III. 48:423. Gt. 64, p. 49.-P. Pynaertii, 

 em. I be plant in cult, seems to be the variegated-lvd. form 

 and which is probably the same as P. Elizabeths, although the 

 atter is said to differ in general form of growth and to have longer 

 Jvs. and with widely channeled petiole. Trop. Afr. R.B. 35-376 

 (as fol. var.) P. Schweinfurthii, Clarke. St. 3-7 in. long and V 2 in. 

 diam., with 2 or 3 Ivs. at the nodes: Ivs. to 2 ft. or somewhat more 

 and 8 m. broad, elliptic, short-acuminate at either end, densely 

 :airy on margin but more or less glabrate otherwise: infl. 4-7 in 

 long, cylmdric and very dense, containing several hundred fls Troo 

 Afr., widely spread. G.W. 8, p. 553. P. thyrsifldra, Benin! 

 knaggy-hairy on young parts, the sts. to 15 ft. long: Ivs very 

 large, lance-obovate or oblong-elliptic, the margins densely hairy- 

 fls. white, m a loose panicle often 2 in. wide and 10 in. long- ovary 

 glabrous: berry J^in. or more diam., blue. Upper and 'Lower 

 Guinea. The Dichorisandra thysiana, Hort. (G C III 28-302 

 R.B 28:133) is probably this plant. It is described as 'a "plant 

 of striking habit, and bold ascending foliage:" from Hort. Linden. 



L. H. B. 



PALIURUS (ancient Greek name). Rhamnacese. 

 Ornamental woody plants sometimes grown for their 

 attractive foliage and curiously shaped fruits. 



Trees or shrubs: stipules usually changed into spines: 

 Ivs. alternate, 3-nerved, entire or serrate: fls. small, per- 

 fect, in axillary or sometimes terminal cymes; petals 

 5 > 2-lobed; stamens 5: fr. woody, 3-celled, depressed 

 subglobose, with a broad orbicular horizontal wing; 

 cells 1-seeded. Six species from S. Eu. to Tonkin, 

 China, and Japan. 



These are spiny trees or shrubs sometimes procum- 

 bent with two-ranked generally ovate medium-sized 

 leaves and small greenish yellow flowers in axillary 

 clusters followed by orbicular broadly winged, curiously 

 shaped fruits resembling a head with a broad-brimmed 

 hat. The one species cultivated in this country is 

 not reliably hardy north of Washington, D. C.; in Mas- 

 sachusetts it is killed every winter almost to the 

 t round even with protection, and the young shoots 

 ower but bear no fruit. It is not very ornamental, 

 but the dark green foliage is pretty and the curious 

 fruits are interesting. It thrives in any well-drained 

 soil and prefers a sunny and warm position. Propaga- 

 tion is by seeds stratified or sown in autumn and by 

 layers or root-cuttings. 



Spina-Christi, Mill. (P. australis, Gaertn. P. aculea- 

 lus, Lam. Zizyphus Paliurus, Willd. tfhdmnus Pali- 

 iirus, Linn.). JERUSALEM THORN. CHRIST'S THORN. 

 Spreading, spiny shrub or small tree to 20 ft., sometimes 

 procumbent: branches brown: 1 of the 2 spines at the 

 base of the petioles straight, the other hooked and 

 recurved: Ivs. rather slender-petioled, ovate, usually 

 unequal at the rounded base, obtuse, minutely ser- 

 rulate, glabrous, dark green above, pale or grayish 

 beneath, %-l}/2 in. long: fls. in axillary short-peduncled 

 cymes: fr. brownish yellow, about %-\ in. across, 

 glabrous. June, July. S. Eu. to Himalayas and N. 

 China. B.M. 1893; 2535 (as P. virgatus.) G.C. III. 

 50:377. This plant is supposed to have furnished 

 the crown of thorns which was placed on the head of 

 Christ before his crucifixion; others think Zizyphus 

 Spina-Christi to be the shrub the crown was made of. 

 These two shrubs resemble each other closely, but the 

 branches are whitish and the frs. berry-like in Zizy- 

 phus; the shape of the spines is exactly the same in both 

 species. 



P. orientdlis, Hemsl. Tree, to 30 ft. : sometimes unarmed: Ivs. 

 2-4 in. long, glabrous: fr. 1-1 H in. across, glabrous, purplish. 

 China. This but recently intro. species is perhaps the most orna- 

 mental of the genus; it has not proved hardy at the Arnold Arbor- 

 etum. P. ramosissimus, Poir. (P. Aubletia, Roem. & Schult.). 

 Shrub similar to P. Spina-Christi, but with both spines straight, 

 with larger Ivs. pubescent beneath, and smaller tomentose frs. 

 with narrow wing. China, Japan. ALFRED REHDER. 



