2488 



PAULLINIA 



PAVETTA 



ish. Brazil. B.M. 5879. Gn. 51, p. 160. F. 1873, p. 

 124. J.H. III. 46:99. G. 7:153; 19:650. G.M. 46:397. 



Var. argentea, Hort., has foliage suffused silvery gray. 



L. H. B. 



PAULOWNIA (after Anna Paulowna, princess of the 

 Netherlands). Scrophulariacese. Ornamental trees, 

 grown for their beautiful flowers in showy panicles and 

 for their large handsome foliage. 



Deciduous, rarely half-evergreen: Ivs. opposite, long- 

 petioled, entire or sometimes 3-lobed or coarsely 

 toothed, without stipules: fls. in terminal panicles; 

 calyx campanulate, 5-lobed; corolla with long slightly 

 curved tube, and spreading oblique 5-lobed limb; 

 stamens 4: fr. a 2-celled caps., loculicidally dehiscent, 

 with numerous small winged seeds. About 8 species hi 

 China; in Japan only cult. 



The paulownias are medium-sized or fairly large trees 

 with stout spreading branches, large long-petioled 

 leaves similar to those of catalpa, and violet or nearly 

 white large flowers resembling those of the foxglove or 

 gloxinia in shape, appearing in terminal panicles before 

 or with the leaves and followed by ovoid pods remain- 

 ing on the tree and conspicuous during the winter. P. 

 tomentosa is fairly hardy in sheltered positions as far 



2776. Paulownia tomentosa, showing verdurous growth of the 

 young shoots. 



north as Massachusetts, but the flower-buds are usually 

 killed in winter, and it does not flower regularly north 

 of New York City; plants raised from seed collected in 

 Korea have proved hardier at the Arnold Arboretum 

 than the commonly cultivated Japanese plant, also 

 the var. lanata from Central China seems to be some- 

 what hardier. As an ornamental foliage plant it may be 

 grown as far north as Montreal, where it is killed to the 

 ground every winter, but throws up from the root vigor- 

 ous shoots attaining 10 to 14 feet, with leaves over 1 

 foot and occasionally even 2 feet long. If used as a 

 foliage plant and cut back to the ground every spring, 

 the young shoots should be removed, except one or 

 very few on each plant; during the first years of this 

 treatment they will grow more vigorous every year, but 

 afterward they will decrease in size, weakened by the 

 continuous cutting back; they should then be replaced 

 by strong young plants. Where the flower-buds which 

 are formed the previous year are not killed by frost, 

 the paulownia is one of the most conspicuous flowering 

 trees in spring, and in summer the foliage, although it is 

 of somewhat dull color, attracts attention by the size 

 of the leaves. In temperate climates it is sometimes 

 used as an avenue tre,e. It thrives best in a light deep 



loam, and in a sheltered position. The other species 

 are still little known in cultivation and are probably 

 tenderer; they are great favorites with the Chinese and 

 much planted in central and southern China. Propa- 

 gation is by seeds sown in spring or by root-cuttings, 

 and by greenwood cuttings under glass; it may be 

 grown also from leaf -cuttings; the young unfolding 

 leaves when about 1 inch long are cut off close to the 

 stems and inserted in sand under a hand-glass in the 

 propagating-house. 



Paulownia tomentosa in southern California reaches a 

 height of 40 feet in twenty-five years, with a spread 

 nearly as great. When in full leaf it makes a dense 

 shade. It starts to bloom before the leaves come and 

 all is over before the tree is in full leaf. For this reason 

 it is not a favorite. The jacaranda is a prettier blue, 

 more floriferous, lasts three times as long, the blooms 

 continuing until the tree is in full leaf. It is out of leaf 

 not more than half as long as is paulownia and in mild 

 winters holds much of its foliage throughout, being 

 properly an evergreen. It makes as dense shade as 

 the paulownia, has . a prettier leaf and is more desir- 

 able in every way. The growth of the two trees is 

 about the same at the end of a quarter century. The 

 habit of the paulownia in retaining dry seed-pods on 

 dead limbs 3 or 4 feet long is very unpleasing, and 

 necessitates a thorough cleaning each year to the tip 

 end of the uppermost branch often a hard task to 

 accomplish. (Ernest Braunton.) 



tomentdsa, Steud. (P. imperialis, Sieb. & Zucc.). 

 Fig. 2776. Tree, to 40 ft., with stout spreading branches 

 forming a round or ovate head : Ivs. rather long-petioled, 

 broadly cordate-ovate, entire or sometimes 3-lobed, 

 acuminate, pubescent above, tomentose beneath, 5-8 

 in. long or on vigorous shoots even larger: panicles to 

 10 in. long; fls. fragrant, pale violet, 1^-2 in. long; 

 pedicels and calyx densely rusty tomentose; calyx- 

 lobes short, rounded: caps, woody, broadly ovoid, 

 pointed, 1 in. or somewhat longer. April, May. Cent. 

 China, cult, in Japan. S.Z. 1:10. B.M. 4666. P.M. 

 10:7. Gn. 34, p. 79; 54, p. 476; 60, p. 130. G.C. III. 

 48:277; 51:430, 431. S.I.F. 1:85. H.U. 4, p. 102. 

 R.H. 1907, p. 378. G. 35:769. Mn. 7, p. 171. It is some- 

 times escaped from cult, in the southern states. Var. 

 pallida, Schneid. (P. imperialis var. pdllida, Dode). 

 Fls. pale or whitish violet: Ivs. dull green above. Var. 

 lanata, Schneid. (P. imperialis var. lanata, Dode). 

 Lvs. more densely yellowish tomentose beneath: calyx 

 more tomentose with longer acutish lobes. Cent. China. 



P. Dudouxii, Dode. Tree, to 60 ft.: Ivs. oblong-ovate, with 

 open sinus at the base, tomentose below, to 1 ft. long: fls. about 3 

 in. long, pale lavender-purple, not spotted; calyx with acute tomen- 

 tose lobes and glabrous or glabrescent tube; corolla rather gradually 

 narrowed toward the base. Cent, and S. W. China. P. Fdrgesii, 

 Franch. Tree, to 60 ft.: branchlets usually pilose: Ivs. pubescent 

 or glandular above, slightly pubescent beneath, entire or with few 

 coarse teeth: fls. lavender or whitish, 2}4 in. long; calyx tomentose 

 outside with triangular acutish lobes. W. China. P. Fortunei, 

 Hemsl. Tree, to 20 ft.: Ivs. sub-coriaceous, densely tomentose 

 below, ovate or ovate-oblong, to 10 in. long: fls. to 4 in. long, white, 

 spotted purple inside; calyx 1 in. long, glabrous outside except the 

 acutish lobes; corolla rather gradually narrowed toward the base. 

 S. E. China. P. Sihislrii, Pampanini & Bonat. Small tree: Ivs. 

 densely brown-woolly, narrow, deeply cordate, 3-5 in. long: fls. in 

 leafy panicles, sky-blue; calyx densely tomentose, with oblong 

 obtusish lobes. Cent. China. P. thyrsoidea, Rehd. Tree, to 20 ft. : 

 branchlets and petioles pilose: lys. ovate, usually truncate at the 

 base, sparingly pubescent, often irregularly and remotely toothed, 

 4-6 in. long: fls. with the Ivs., lavender, 1 J^ in. long, in spike-like 

 racemes forming terminal panicles about 1 ft. long; calyx tomentose, 

 about Min. long. Cent, and S. E. China. ALFRED REHDER. 



PAVETTA (Malabar name of P. indica}. Rubiacese. 

 Tropical shrubs and small trees closely allied to the 

 brilliant ixoras but less showy, not often seen but 

 deserving of attention; flowers white or greenish. 



Leaves opposite or ternate, simple, sometimes parti- 

 colored, stipules present and joined at base: fls. in 

 mostly terminal bracted corymbs; calyx top-shaped or 

 bell-shaped, the limb mostly with 4 or 5 persistent or 

 deciduous lobes; corolla usually salver-shaped, with a 



