2524 



PECTINARIA 



PEDILANTHUS 



covered with short spikelike processes, dull purplish 

 outside, the whole surface inside frosted white, dotted 

 with crimson. p. TRACY HUBBARD. 



PEDDIEA (named after Major Peddie). Thymel- 

 seacese. Glabrous shrubs, hardy in the extreme south 

 of the United States. 



Leaves sparse, subcoriaceous or membranaceous: 

 fls. yellowish green, in peduncled umbels at the tips 

 of the branches, pedicelled, perfect; perianth-tube 

 cylindrical, lobes 4 (rarely 5?), short, spreading; sta- 

 mens 8 (rarely 10?); disk hypogynous, cup^shaped, 

 entire or toothed; ovary glabrous or densely villous at 

 the apex, 2-celled: drupe succulent, with 2 nutlets. 

 About 10 species, Trop. and S. Afr. 



africana, Harv. Shrub: Ivs. subopposite, elliptic, 

 nearly sessile, glabrous: fls. in terminal stalked umbels, 

 tubular, %-%in. long, 4-5-lobed, the lobes revolute: 

 fr. a drupe with 2 stones, ovoid, about 1 in. long. S. 

 Afr- F. TRACY HUBBARD. 



PEDICULARIS (from Latin for louse; application 

 not evident). Scrophularidcese. LOUSEWORT. Herbs, 

 mostly perennial, sometimes planted in grounds for the 

 showy spikes of flowers and often finely cut foliage. 



Mostly erect, only seldom annual or biennial: Ivs. 

 alternate or whorled (sometimes opposite), rarely sub- 

 opposite, 1 to many times pinnately divided, rarely 

 merely dentate: fls. purplish, red, rose-color to white, 

 in spring and summer, borne mostly in a terminal 

 bracted spike; calyx anteriorly cut, variously 2-5- 

 toothed, sometimes also posteriorly; corolla 2-lipped, 

 the upper one (or galea) with or without a long beak, 

 the tube cylindrical; stamens 4, didynamous: caps, 

 ovate or lanceolate, oblique; seeds usually few. There 

 are about 250 species of Pedicularis in many parts of 

 the northern hemisphere (a few S. American), many of 

 them arctic and alpine. Thirty to 40 are native in the 



2835. Pedicularis Grayi. ( X M 



U. S., and the genus has a large extension in Asia. They 

 are little known as garden plants, not being really 

 domesticated. Some of them are adaptable to banks 

 and borders, and others to rock-gardens and alpine 

 work; some are swamp plants. They are likely not to 

 persist long without renewal, as they appear to be par- 

 tially parasitic and may require a particular host plant. 

 Prop, by seeds and division. The following American 

 species are perennial. 



A. Lvs. undivided: galea long-beaked. 

 racemosa, Douglas. Height 12-18 in. : sts. leafy and 

 simple or branched: Ivs. lanceolate, undivided, minutely 

 and doubly crenulate: fls. white; galea (upper lip of the 

 corolla) with a long beak (Min. long), circinate-in- 

 curved, nearly reaching the lower lip. Colo, to Brit. 

 Col.; subalpine. 



AA. Lvs. variously divided: galea with very short beak or 



none. 



Grayi, A. Nels. (P. procera, Gray). Fig. 2835. 

 Robust, lJ^-4 ft. high, leafy: Ivs. pinnately divided, 

 the segms. lanceolate and pinnatifid and the lobes again 

 dentate or cut, the radical Ivs. 1 ft. or more long: fls. 

 sordid yellowish and greenish striate, in a dense-fld. 



Eubescent spike 10-20 in. long, the galea not beaked; 

 .-bracts long. Mountains of Colo, and New Mex. 



lanceolata, Michx. SWAMP LOUSEWORT. Glabrous 

 or nearly so, 1-3 ft. high, simple, or branched above: 

 Ivs. alternate and opposite, pinnately lobed, upper ones 

 sessile: fls. yellow in a short spike; bracts shorter than 

 the fls.: caps, ovate, scarcely longer than the calyx. 

 Aug.-Oct. Swamps, Conn, to Man., to Ohio and Neb. 



canadensis, Linn. WOOD BETONY. The common 

 American lousewort, usually more or less hairy: sts. 

 commonly tufted, 3^-1 Yi ft. high: Ivs. mostly alternate, 

 oblong-lanceolate, pinnately parted, all but the upper- 

 most petioled, the lobes oblong and obtuse, incised or 

 dentate: fls. yellow or reddish, rarely white, in a short 

 spike that elongates in fr. : caps, lanceolate, 3 times as 

 long as the calyx. April-June. Dry woods and thickets, 

 Nova Scotia to Man.; south, Fla. to Mex. B.B. 3:186. 

 B.M. 2506. 



P. curvipes, Hook. f. Sts. 1 ft. long, very slender and curving: 

 Ivs. far apart, 1 in. or less long, pinnatifid, the lobes 3 or 4 pairs 

 and incised: fls. rose-colored, axillary, long-pedicelled, the stalka 

 recurving in fr. Himalaya, W.OOO ft. B.M. 7735. P. folidsa, 

 Linn. Sts. simple, 1-3 ft.: Ivs. pinnatifid, the segms. lanceolate and 

 toothed: fls. cream-color, in a dense spike; galea very blunt. Eu. 

 Gn. 62, p. 97. P. mollis, Wall. Annual, 2-3 ft., strict: Ivs. all on 

 the St., ovate or oblong, pinnatifid, the segms. linear and crenate 

 or pinnatifid: fls. dark pinkish purple, in strict spikes 6-16 in. long. 

 Himalaya, Thibet, 10,000-14,000 ft. B.M. 4599. J.F. 2:166. 

 P. Sceptrum-Carolinum, Linn. St. few-lvd., 3-4 ft.: Ivs. pinnatifid, 

 the lobes ovate and crenulate: fls. golden yellow, 1 in. long, in an 

 interrupted spike, the lower lip tinged red. Eu. G.C. III. 40:385. 

 P. siphondntha, Don. Sts. 1 ft. high or less, erect or ascending: 

 Ivs. radical, linear-oblong, pinnatifid: fls. red or pink, axillary and 

 in terminal racemes, the corolla-tube 1-6 times as long as calyx. 

 Afghanistan to Thibet. L H B t 



PEDILANTHUS (Greek, shoe-flower). Euphorbiaceas. 

 SLIPPER PLANT. BIRD CACTUS. REDBIRD CACTUS. 

 SLIPPER SPURGE. JEW BUSH. Low tender cactus-like 

 shrubs, grown in collections of succulents. 



Stems thick and fleshy, juice milky: Ivs. alternate, 

 often rudimentary, the midrib thickened and often 

 keeled below: infl. of terminal or axillary cymes; the 

 fl. and fr. characters as in Euphorbia, but the involucre 

 with a deep fissure and a short spur on the upper side, 

 the spur containing the glands. About 30 species in 

 Trop. Amer. Prop, and cult, similar to the succulent 

 euphorbias. See Millspaugh in Field Museum Nat. 

 Hist., Publication 172, 1913, for a revision of the species. 



A. Lobe of the involucre above the spur entire. 



tithymaloides, Poit. (Euphorbia tithymaloides, Linn. 



E. canaliculata, Lodd. E. carindta, Donn). St. 4-^6 ft. 



high: Ivs. dark green, ovate or oblong, acute; midrib 



keeled below and dentate: involucres bright red or 



